Garfield County: The Golden Years (2025)

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Garfield County: The Golden Years (1)[...]ld Psychologist Sue Marston
My Trip to the Homestead Ida B. Kelley
Why We Came wes~ to Montana Mrs Harley B. Kelley
Ho[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (2)[...]Margie Harbaugh
Three Little Fellman• s and How they
Grew[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (3)[...]Aline Lamb
The Braggs-- Then, why,we Ca, e
To Monta na Delber[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (4) TJedi cat/ on
To our parents, who were the st•.iry pioneers of t[...]the Gar-
field County Hirrh School.

We wish to express our sincere thanks to Mary Jane Hammond, Li nda
· Kobelsky and Dorothea Hallberg for their help in the t yping and to
Orval D. Frady for the 6over Desi n and[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (5)[...]The first re corded v isi t of whit e men to territory now
embra ced in Ga rfield was t hat of[...]wi th a mishap tha t might well have
b r ought it to an abrup t t erminat ion whi le ski rting the
nor[...]dicine, a
gr e a t de al of me r chand is e and , to quote Cap tain Lewis, 11 in fact;.
al most every article indi s pen s ably nec e ssary to insure success
of t he enterprise" . For a t en s[...]overstock ed
sou t hwe stern Mont ana were moved to the Mus se lshell and it is
prob able some crossed the river to g raze i n we s t ern Garfield.
A f ew years l a[...]ntana
over Powder Ri v e r trail found t heir way to t hi s secti on, and
a s a s te ady st.r eam of h[...]ll owston e,
l ar ge s toc k ou tfits r e treated to t he vas t Ga r fiel d a rea where
i t has been s[...]hort time l a ter the Mosby offi ce
wa s opened .
To Harry L. Harr is is c r ed ited the e s t ab l is[...]Joseph Bell and t he J ohnson
brothers move d i n to engage in stockr a is ing . F·or a t ime they
ha[...]i ng , marking t he homeste ad era , increased it
to 5 , 000 and in 1919 the c ounty was c re a[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (6)[...]d 79 , 813 shee p .
Stockgrowing continued to dominate industrially for a numb e r
of years and[...]fic , the railroad which firs t opened Mont -
ana to the world , has reached the door of this section[...]across the Treas ure State , Garfie l ~ bid f air to
s~eerily a ssume a pr ominent pos ition among ban[...]out put in 1928 , ~1 , 626 , 000 wa s credit-
e d to crops and ~1 , 088 , 400 to livestock . Among the count i es of
Montana Garfi[...]ess of the county was reduced .fr om 213,663 . 22
to ~120,812.28 during t he fi v e ye ars ended June[...]ebt of s cho ol districts dropped from <28,192. 2 to 11, 801 .:2
The per c api t a net debt .for count[...](The above story of Garfield County was sent to Hrs . Fern
Schillreff by • A . McKenzi e[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (7)[...]l
hanging of 7 Indians far used by Indians to haul bones to
Horse Ste3ling the Missouri Rive[...]South into Garfield County going to John F. Trotter• s on[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (8)[...]seat,
9n the Yellowstone ·~iver was very cl ose to the eas tern boundary
bf the county and the stat[...]obs, the
only pay being from fees collected. Just how profitable, or
actually unprofitable, an office c[...]bein g summoned for jury duty. "Ren s ays for you to be
t h ere day after tomorrow mor ing sure." When I got to Ren•s on the
day he had set I found quite a few[...]a t the end of t h e table and
court was calle d to order. Bill Gre en was a De put y Grune Warden
an[...]witne sses on this side of
the t a ble (poin ting to his left ) and the defendant and hi s
witnesses on t he o ther . " This Bill proce eded to do wi th qui te a
bit of shuffl ing ab out in the[...]jury box."
That took some · more moving a r ound to get the s 1~ of u s all
comfortably l oc ated on[...]le of Jury Box . Now that everything was arranged to
the J udge 's sat isfaction t he t rial be[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (9)[...],
cleared off the t ab le and c our t was called to order again.
Along about the middle of the aft er[...]f t he evidence was
in and as neither side seemed to want to make a plea to the
jury the Judge took over . "Mr . Bail i ff, you will retire with the
jury to the jury r o om , l ock them i n and remain outsi[...]verdict is reached . You will t h en r eturn them to this court .
Court will stand adjourned until t he jury is returned." As I
listened to Ren r efer to t he jury room I wonde r ed a little bit
just wh[...]f Bill t urne d right t oward t he coulee I began
to get a hunch what the judge had i n mind . That wa[...]s located . My hunch was cor rect.
Bill led us up to the door of the chi ckenhouse and ind:lIDated we
were to enter . Now, Ren had built that chickenhouse for[...]n line with the pole ceiling. It was i mpos sible to stand upright
and you simply do not sit down in a chi ckenhouse. Whoever was
supposed to clean this house had b e en neglecting his job. W[...]le crou ch ed p ositions and
deliber a ted . Come to think of i t I don 't t hink delibe r a tion is
t[...]retched the kinks out of our ba ck s and returned to
the court room . Everyone seeme d to think tha t t h e Judge h a d
been fair and imp a[...]t right h ad preva i l ed. I am not
too sure just how legal all this was but in my op i ni on r e al
j[...]-four
meals and my time I furnished . Do you know how much my fe e i s
for this trial? ' ix dollars and[...]does
it? 11 You know something? It never occurred to me until r i ght
now tha t I never got paid for t[...]udge Niles ' Court was brought about
by my effort to stop trespassing on my land by sheep held[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (10)[...]quarter section. Locating the herder I rode over to him and
found that he was herding for Matt Leffri[...]new that his name was Bill. He had always s eemed to be a
decent sort of fellow so I pointed out that[...]e grass for fall feed for my
horses and asked him to get the sheep off . He said he would and
started[...]aid down my ultimatum so there
was nothing for me to do but go down to Judge Niles, swear to a
complaint, and let the law take its course.
I explained my complaint to Ren and just as he had finished mak-
ing out some[...]ssumed would be Matt's arrest .
Monday it started to rain and by Monday night Calf Creek was
Tunning f[...]n our place and Ren 1 s
and they all would be bad to cross so I decided to make it a.foot
which I could do down our side of[...]t arrive until after the Judge and I h ad started to ge t
dinner, just abo ut in time to eat. Both Matt and Bill were soak-
ing wet due to trouble they had in fordi ng the creek. Ma tt sai[...]our complaint is.n I explained what had happened,
how my land was marked and how I had warned the herder, Bill, on
two se arate occ a s i ons, asking him to keep the sheep off this
land. said that my r e quest bad been i gnored and that I wanted
this court to give me the protection from trespass I felt that
I was entitle d to. That was my case and I assumed that Judge Niles[...]e made any deci-
sion. I suppose t hat Ren wanted to find something in his law
library consisting of the one book, that would apply to the case
at hand as he opened it up, t urned page[...]ision , one, I felt, that
would have done justice to Solomon himse lf. "Matt", he said,
"Lytle[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (11)[...]ust keep your sheep ot'f of
it . Now its r aining to o hard f or you to s t ar t . home so you might
as well stay all ni[...]had washed the
diishes . When it came time t o go to bed Ren settled the sleeping
arrangements . Point[...]Springs to Mosby.[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (12)[...]ing the people that at last, this area was going to become a
County. The excitement must have been[...]21, 1919, at 10:00 o,clock A.M. The meeting came to
order. Arthur Markley was elected Chairman of t[...]$ 2600.00 and the contract for remodeling went to Charles J.
Horning for $1400.ou .
Thomas L. Harvey was asked to go to Terry, Glendive and
Miles City to help select furn iture, fixtures & books and to
get data at the Glendive Courthouse for settlem[...]It was the job of the County Commissioners to divide the
County up into municipal townships a[...]rdan. On April 3., 1919, resolutions were made to divide
the County into three Commissioner distr[...]unty purchased a car for each County Commissioner to
attend to their official duties with.
Election precincts[...]houses. Garfield
County was $50,747.50 in debt to Dawson County. Appropriations
were made as soon as possible to pay off this debt and make our
county solvent.[...]ppoint-
ed as Field Deputy Assessors . This was to be a hard job. There
was a lot of territory to cover, and it seemed that there were
people who[...]their properties. Then the assessor would
have to make a trip to their place and make a count of their
own and c[...]n be brought
before the bo ard of Commissioners to see if the change was
~ustified. Most cases were dropped bef~~e they had a chance to
discuss the matter very thoroughly. Then[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (13)[...]d 145,ooo.
on road work the first year which was to be devided equally
among each commissioner distr[...]tremendous in
that department when you consider how many roads we have now,
most of which have been b[...]on Counties records.
People were getting anxious to set up a permanant county seat.
On July 1, 1919, request was made to the cormnissioners for
a special election to determi ne the permanent county seat.
On July 3, the commissioners met to consider the petition for
such a special electio[...]apting such resol-
ution which would be necessary to hold a special election. All
petitions had to comply with the law. Election was confirmed,
and[...]2634 registered voters who were requir-
ed by law to be 21 years of age. Tax levies were then set and[...]60.
It took a lot of determination and hard work to get this County
started, and eachCounty Commissio[...]big Thank-you
for the time spent and efforts made to keep it prospering
through the years and shoulder[...]ng things
running smoothly. We are very fortunate to live in such a
community of warrn friendly people. It is truly an honor to say
we are from Jordan, Mont., County seat[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (14)[...]s elected by a small margin. His salary
increased to $125 .00 per month. Down through the years, there[...]ed values, and livestock numbers from the Reports to the
State Board of Equalization:
Year[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (15)[...]Attix was named
Clerk of the Court and refused to qualify and so notified the
County Commissioner[...]votes
and ·was so appointed. He was re-elected to this office until
January of 1929. Guy L. Scot[...]until January
of 1933. George Ayres was elected to this office in November of
1932, but passed awa[...]nty
Commissioners appointed George Hetherington to fill this vacancy.
George served until he -pass[...]unty Commissioners, his wife Mary was
appointed to finish his term. June 6, 1949, Mary Hetherington
resigned to move to Helena and Ruth Gallinger was appointed.
Ruth s[...]attorneys in this cause. In later years both were to
serve as County Attorney and Robert E. Purcell[...]death in
1965. Hon,A. B. Mar tin was appointed to finish his term and
has since been our District[...]iage Licenses issued in tha t year of 1919
were to Burley Spears and Leona Stafford, William • Tho[...]20. Some of the
Jurors names that were familiar to me were John Eich, Thos. J.
Fitzgerald, L. A. S[...]and Dan Geib.
The first witness fees were paid to Fred McCormick. Three
dollars for one day . Twenty-six dollars for mileage for 260
miles from Edwards to Miles City. {Why to Miles City I couldn't
find out.)[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (16)[...]st
offic ers o.f said County. Named by this act to the office o.f
Sheri.ff were: Matt .J. Roke, who was to serve until the first
election to be held in the fall of 1920. Sheriff Roke, how-
, ever resigned in September of 1919, said resign a tion to be
effective as soon as a de,puty could be appointed.
Appointed by Sheriff Roke to assist him were H.A. Heth-
erington, 11 Bertn,[...]the 8th of October 1919 and appointed Ray Myers
to serve out the unexpired term. Mr. Myers was elected to the
office in 1920 and served one two-year-term[...]ood as Deputy.
o. L. Edsall was elected in 1922 to serve the fi~st 4 year term
during which George[...]nd deputy respectively. Mr. Gibson
was appointed to fill the vacancy in the office and retained
Clyd[...]mainder of that term and
through the 4-year-term to which he was elected in 1930. In
January of 1935[...]is death
in 1941. James B. Trotter was appointed to finish the unexpir-
ed term with Doyle Kester as[...]George Woods, Wilson Cory and
Joseph J. Schmidt to assist him. Wilson Cory wa s chosen in 1948
at t[...]nder-sheriff.
Vernon L. Fogle was elected to the office of sheriff in
the general election in[...]ce
in Garfield County as an elected officer goes to the late Wils on
E. Cory with twelve years o.f se[...]just short of twenty-
one years as under-she riff to his credit.
S[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (17)[...]rn Union Telegram wns sent frorn Helena , Hontana to
Jordan and r ead a s foll ows:
llBCN[...]n ewl y created COlL~ty. One of t h e offices
to be filled was t hat of the County Superint endent[...]up e rintendent that .L
ca n rec all who c ame to our school to visit . I don 1 t know why a ll
school pupils[...]er when the Co un ty Superintendent h a s
come to visi t, bu t we ce rtainly di d .
Next[...]was in t hi s off ice
f or 12 years f rom 1931 to 1943 when she filed for a hi gher pol-
itical o[...]ved un til 1948 when she resigned and
went back to te a c hing sc hools . !·1r . Olando Patter s on[...]appoi n t ed 11 Acting Colmt y Su pe rin tendent" to
compl ete t he unexpire d te rrr:;. , a s t te[...]l'lrs . Mabel W. Poll nr d became the next to be County Sup er-
i n t endent of Schools i n 1[...]tendent of Schools is
diffe rent to any of the office's work . It no t only ha s t he[...]1es t ire-
some as th e re a re so many thing s to do t hat you j u st ci.on 1 t h ave
time to get t i red of on e thing before anot her[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (18)[...]tton
Armstrong- Dept. Clerk & Recorder, Sec. to Co. Att. Co. Attorney
Everett Bo[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (19)[...].

Garfield Coun~_y f,np1oyees -1964
L. to R.; Frances Hunter, Assessor; Cornelia
Harbaugh,[...]uthe Hageman, Clerk of Court;
Eileen Fogle, Sec. to Co. Supt.s Fern Sehillreff
County Supt. a[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (20)[...]ree in Engineering in Chicago in
1911, I returned to Montana, worked at Great Falls and at Lewis-
town[...]in
western Dawson County, proving up on it prior to the creation
of the new county.
I served as[...]creating this
new county its officers were named to serve until the next
general election. I was named as County Surveyor in that bill
and moved to Jordan.
Shortly ai'ter moving to Jordan our younger son Lytle Grif-
fith, was born[...]It is quite likely that our son was the first boy
to be born in Jordan a:rter it became the County Sea[...]nniversary this spring.
Oetting a new county to function was an interesting job
for everyone invo[...]all the new officers
worked .faithfully and hard to get things running smoothly.
Road wor[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (21)[...]okkee p i ng for the store.
Supplies were brought to Jordan from Miles City with freight
wa gons, often using ten horses.
Mother, Dad, and I usually W6nt to Mites City once a year
in a two-horse top buggy a[...]house", leave very early the next morning and get to
Miles City in the afternoon. There was no doctor[...]Dad's homeste ad was later He nderson's Addition
to the town of Jordan and Henderson and Marguerite A[...]ting a sc h ool started, having a ba~k
and trying to get a railroad line built through Garfield County[...]eat in which he and many others worked diligently to
have Jordan chosen. He was veri patriotic and nev[...]and
their membership in th, Presbyterian Church, to which he belonged
until moving to Columbus, when he transferred to the Community
Congregational Church.
The s[...]on it both in Jordan and Miles City. rt was moved to Columbus
and our daughter used it. It is now in B[...]I was 1½ years old when Mother and I went to Jordan. Dad
had been there for 6 months ge[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (22)[...]r

Carroll Jerome Taylor(better know as "C.J." to all his fri -
ends) came to Montana from Oklahoma in 1912, with his oldest
so[...]sed cattle and also ·sheep. Many a trip was made to
Milos City with a load of wool and brought back w[...]this affair weeks
in advance. She always :managed to have fried chicken(which she raised
herself) and[...]n 1n ·the ·
Taylor family wa s "·Are you going to the fourth?" ·
Dorothy is to be reme mbered by her piano music, she fur[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (23)[...]rker left his home in Nebraska and IDrked his way
to Montana. He did ranch work, herded cattle and bu:[...]Nick worked in Billings for awhile. He came to the Jordan
country in 1904, where he herded sheep[...]at Billings in Apr~l 1911.
&la LaBree came to Montana from Thier River Falls, Minn-
esota in 19[...]grade school in Ekalaka and Miles
City. She went to normal school at Dillon than began to teach
school.
Walter and Nick homesteaded a[...]as born at Stone Shack. (Stone
Shack, on the road to Miles City, was a stopping place for
freighters a[...]Green Trail with horse power. He carried the mail to Van Norman,
sometimes on horse back. The folks ma[...]or fifty dollars a
month.
The folks managed to buy some sheep. Dad and Jack Osborn
ran sheep tog[...]ange was scarce and theland being fenced, he had to sell his
horses. Almost any Sunday afternoon one[...]nd Dad "topping off" one or two of them.
He liked to think that he helped a number of young men with s[...]when years bei'ore Margaret Kerr rode horse-back to our place
with a sack of mending and yards of material tied on each side
of her horse. Mother taught her to sew. While Maggie sewed,Mother[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (24)[...]socks for her.
We hardly knew what it was to go to a doctor. There was
nothing like epson salts and[...]ty, where Boyd Isaac
now lives. We were fortunate to have him prescribe for us.
The folks owne[...]e a Hupmobile touring car. It was
quite a thrill to see a rain storm coming and grab the side-
curtains to put on. In 1928 Dad bought a new Whippet Sedan. T[...]t your
partners for a squa re dance 11 • We had to start early and go by
wagon most of the time. Usu[...]ws before we left as we wouldn 't be home in time to milk in
the morning.
The Green Trail Club[...]homes , as they didn't see each othe r
very often to play .
Eleanor gradua te d from high scho[...]owns.
Dad's Additional and ~ick's place were sold to Phillip Fellman
who runs cattle there .
Rilla went to high school in Billings and Miles City. She
atten[...]rs were the same
te a c hers that her mother went to sc hool to years before. Rilla
married, lived in Or eg on, M[...]make hay.
In ol d number three we ride to work.
le never p lay, we never shirk.
So, hats off to our p o i son crew
Their scop e[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (25)[...]ually taking one of her grand-
daughters with her to keep her company. She was in ill health
for some[...]death in 1958.
Poor cro p years forced Nick to leave his place and work
for wages on farms and r[...]f the Jordan Fire Hall. Many children
Visited him to receive a treat of candy or ice cream. He loved
to play cards wi th anyone who had time to stop awhile . He
retired in 1954. He died[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (26)[...]Hohn J. Cavin Family
Jack Cavin came to Jordan in 1916. Do to having"rheumatic
Fever" for three years, his doctor advised him to come west.
He had a classmate at Boston University, Bill Sheehan, who
was always writing to get other young men to come out west. He
was working in a bank at Denton, Montana and that is where Jack
came to first. He and another attorney started out to look for
a location and Jack ended up in Jorda[...]ht there he
had tonsilities and he decided not to stay, he went back to Miles
City and then decided to come back.
He took up a homestead about[...]Winfield's and opened an office in town. He used to walk
out one day and back the next. He finally[...]it would appear again.
I can't imagine how he ever lived in that one room cabin
after havi[...]ted on him hand and foot.
He crune home to Boston, every winter and would go back in
the spring. He always hoped that the railroad would come to
Jordan. He proved up on his homestead but like[...]amazed me the most was that
everyone just seemed to get started at midnight and I was ready to
quit.
Jack had made a lot of friends and everyone was so nice to
us. The first woman to call on me was Mrs. Florence Tollefson.
She was[...]bor ladies took me in band and I finally
learned to cook.
Jack was appointed County attorney[...]stown and his wife
at a tr dge party. Jack had to be gone a lot we finally moved
i no a[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (27)in Jordan, I never had to haul a pail of water or empty ashes
except one ti[...]e hot and I
empted them into a wooden barrel next to the "privy" and the
"privy" caught on fire.
Dr. Farrand and Jack worked hard to improve the county.
They worked for the hos p i[...]. We spent many happy
hours playing.
I went to Boston when John was born, in August and John was[...]19. That was a terrible winter and I just
managed to get home between storms.
We had to make our own intertainment and we surely did. We[...]time, and then when the Holidays
came we all went to one house, each family would bring part of
the di[...]but I
remember one teacher Miss Anderson, who use to stay with me when
Jack was gone.
We had a d[...]er, Miss Grove. I also remember
when John started to play football, I cut up my dining room
t able pads to make him guards.
We had a another son, Robert bor[...]ys
our memories of Jordan.
We moved to Harlowton in 1940 but try to visit Jordan at
l east once a year. Jack p[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (28)[...]ducation
in Minnesota schools. I believe she went to college in north
eastern Minnesota . Lois had hay fever and the climate was more
to her liking.
She came to Montana during the teens and was appointed to
serve as County Superintendent when this County S[...]y. It was while she was employed here she decided to have
her medical check up in Rochester, Mi[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (29) Arthur Markley Story

Arthur Markley came to the Big Dry Country with a band of
sheep in 1908,[...]her man. He was very civic minded and
worked hard to make our county as it is to day.
Art was a very friendly man and m[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (30)[...]. and had apron over his body and O'Connor
spoke to me and B.L. recognised_ his voice and he (B.L.) h[...]ing; Lou Thompson who was quite
a characters what to a wi dows house and she refused to let him
into her house, so he swore at her and kicked the door in. She
came to town and filed a complaint charging with disturbi[...]ry rights and pleaded his own case.
So he started to brow-beat the woman and the court stopped that,
C[...]e court then ask :Mr.
Thompson if he had anything to say. Yes, he said, ''I think this
is a damn Kanga[...]et fine at $50 . and would gave him
until sundown to get the money. So Joe Kemp who had brought
Thompson to town, took Thompson to Baan Willes Store at Brusett
and got the said money and gave it to the Court~ just as the sun
was sitting.[...]d me so Mr. Conacher went out w1 th me and he had to wait
unti~ I prepared the bo~y for burial and didn't get home until
1!1idn1.ght. The next morning he went to the Courthouse and resigned
in my favor, so I was[...]arted home on
ig~way 20(now 200) evidently went to sleep and missed the bridge
~t!:
and
ri~[...]e car body up I reached for his feet to pull him out
one foot came out, was c[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (31)[...]arly days of the county
Cine Mr . Dr ajn who used to rob homesteader's shacks whi le they
would be aw[...]I th0t1gbt some might remember these.

L. to R.: Madge Wallace, M.F. Julie Norma[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (32)[...]He was born in Texas. He grew from boyhood to manhood at
Meade, Kansas. He came to state of Montana in 1907 living in
West end of th[...]lefield. thrice
wounded and once gassed bub lived to return to his native land.
The people of Montana, hi[...]eir
appreciation of his services, by electing him to the office of
Sheriff in Garfield County in which[...]er effects and cut him orf untimely. He was layed
to rest in Custer National Cemetery at Custer, Monta[...]Mother's Day in the Trenches
To- day my thoughts a re turn j_ng with an inexpressable yearning,
To t he peaceful plains of Kans as f ar away
And[...]f war by the anti -Christ ap plied
Into coming to the fore so that n ow and evermore '
We[...]and blo odshed
And in my dreams I seem __ to see peaceful peoples one more free,
From the h[...]d with elation
or the boys are coming b ack to Columbia's golcen shore
~d freedom's[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (33)[...]lawyer
named Robert E. Purcell arrived in Jordan to open the first law
office in the pioneer town. He[...]ed in Washington, D.C., Bob Purcell
had come West to help built a new country. He had graduated from
G[...]graduation, he requested and was given a transfer to
the Land Office in Miles City, Montana
Robe[...]rfield School in Miles City. Miss Hickey had come to l'•1ontana
from Northern Michigan as a teacher.[...]ation as a lawyer. In Feb-
ruary of 1913 he moved to Forsyth where he was associated in the
practice o[...]grow
with the new land. Thus it was that he came to Jordan in May,
1914.
Homesteads were availa[...]shack on the homestead an<l walked back and
forth to the office which he opened in Jordan.
He fi[...]n the Meuse Argonne Battle. Later he was promoted to Lieutenant
on the battlefield in recognition of g[...]Att~rney
of Garfield County and moved his office to its present location
on Main Street . He r[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (34)[...]community in which
they lived. Mr. Purcell helped to organiae the American Legion
and was the first Co[...]She taught school and worked as a secretary prior to her marriage
to Claude B. Smith. Claude is the manager of the Pub[...]ughter
and her family. He looks forward, however, to the d r y when he can
return to Jordan where he spent fifty-five years of[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (35)[...]Kee ve r , a t
Oceola .
They later moved to Eureka , South Dakota when ena became
Eureka ' s[...]wo uld s :.1 end many
hours teaching the adults to s p eak the English l anguage . ~he
and her husband then j ournied to Si sset on , 3ou t h Dakota where
t hey rema ine[...]e n a took
up a home s tead . She taught . school to supp len ent tha earnings
for the family living.[...]n , f,iont '.lna . In 1918 , s h e and Eabel went to
Creigsville , West Vi r g inia f or t ·wo years and taught in the city
schools there , b efore ret urnj_ng to the r uncb i n l•,ontana .
The next f ew years[...]s . After le a ving t hi s office she went b a ck to te a ch-
i ng . She taught for s e vera l ye .trs[...]ds
and t he Hin ther sc hool . She t hen ~10 v ed to l· ilton Freewater ,
Wa s hing ton where she s p[...]ge near
Ki lton Fre ewater .
Rena returned to Jo rdan and r.1o v od r";.er ho ~se to hiles Ci t y
and s pen t t he remai:1der of her y[...]11s tol d by i'.21:Ji e 1vi. c1 e ev c r to Fern
Schillr[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (36)[...]EILPHA VANCE SOUTHCOTT

Delpha Brown came to this area with her family as a small child. She
grew to be a charming young lady with snapping brown eyes[...]Schools. She was County Superintendent
rom 1931 to 1943.
Delpha married Earl Vance and lived i[...]was accidentally burned down, and
hen Earl went to Alaska. A serious accident caused him to be laid up for the
remainder of his life.
They moved to Billings and Delpha taught a Special Fducation cl[...]ne until after
bis death and she sold it and went to Arizona where she met a very nice fellow[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (37)[...]EAR-OLD PSYCHOLOGIST, EDUCA~OR
READY TO FACE BRAND NEW CHALLENGE
By Sue Marston
From one-room log schoo~houses to retirement as profes~or
emeritus from Purdue Uni[...]hospital in St. Paul, Minn . She has been
asked to aid in a program to train students, doctors, and
nurses. But first things first, permit me to trace her busy
footsteps from 1906, the year she[...]uple fulfilled his idea of real living
and moved to a ranch in Montana, homesteading on what was then[...]ley recalled that the superintendent was expected to
visit each school at least once a yearl After two terms in this
office, in 1931, the Kelleys agreed to move to Indiana, but to
this day she still holds title to the ranch in Montana .
At the age of 42, Mr[...]award-
ed both her BS and MS degrees, in addition to obtaining licen-
ses to teach Spanish and .English on the secondary level[...]ense. After grad-
uation in 1934, she was invited to stay on as a staff member of
the Education and Ps[...]rtment . While she and her hus-
band had intended to return to Montana, the depression in the
30's made it feasible for her to accept this tempting offer.
While she was teachin[...]nic went into serv-
ice, and Dr. Kelley was asked to assume his position, one llttdch
she held from 1941 to 1959. This clinic served a practicum for
g[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (38)the first to be recorded in Indianapolis.
At the end or the war, Dr. Kelley was one of Purdue's dele-
gates to the first post-war meeting of the World Health Or[...]n. Two years l ater she went on a similar mission
to Mexico City, and four years after that to the meeting held
in Toronto, Canada. At each of t[...]ms, After W.H.O.
meeting in London, she was asked to come to Bremen, Germany, to
talk with teachers in the schools there .
I[...]ath in
1966 . During the f all of 1966, in answer to a friend and form-
er associate's query as to what a clinical psychologist could
offer a childr[...]ho is dire ctor
of medical education in st . Paul to make a study of the child-
ren's hos p ital, to discuss in that report what a clinical
psychologist could offer to help make all situations between
trainee and child a learning situation for the doctors-in-
training, to propose a proGram for a fulltime psychologis t in[...]siti on at the
same salary that would be offered to a person 50 years younger
than she. ~14000.[...]Rochester, and she is now under doctor 's orders to remain
quiet for a two-month period .
ot one to let the grass grow under her feet, however, Dr.
K[...]encephalitic child, the cleft pqlate, and others, to be used in
the St. Paul hospital pro~ram this fal[...]fe, fir 0 m the 79-
year vantage point it aopears to be someone else's. But I
don't believe anyo~e els[...]hildren's
Psychological oroblems are too valuable to waste. The Children's
Hospital in St. Paul[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (39)[...]of plain old American guts, which has
caused her to contribute more than her share for the good of
mankind!

My Trip to the Homestead[...]would carry me on my way to our new home which.,lay 65
miles to the north. The remainder of the journey was to
be by wagon. Although I[...]tub
and board.
The Hotel at which we were to spent the next 3 d1ys waiting for my husband,
a t[...]e fields.
Such a cacaphony of sound -- it seemed to rrry unaccustomed ears that every one of
the tho[...]aded up the wagon. Harley bought enough
supplies to last several months, our grub stake. rte also got lumber for our
floor-- and enough barb wire to fpnce a garden. Ingomar boasts of only one store,
but it is able to supply any thing from a pin to a plow. Added to the load were
2 trunks I'd brought from home. Fi[...]as often used.
We stopped for noon for dinner and to let the horses eat also. Our meal was
provided from the grub box which was a necessary adjunct to every western wagon
trip of arty length. It was[...]e brush will make a fire, it is very smudgy.
Oh, how good that coffee and bacan tasted eaten in the sh[...]-4:00 O'clock we made Sand Springs, where we were to leave Claudia.
Sand Spri~gs was just one m[...]otary
public, and any thing else he was called on to be. It was 40 miles from the
railroad and a horse drawn stage went two times a week to the railroad, carrying
the mail.
We left t[...]of a homesteader about 8 miles from our own home to be. We had dinner
there and I met three others o[...]g, with a dirt roof and was my first introduction to the
kind of house with -which I wa 3 to become very well acquainted in ~ne day and[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (40)years to come. After dinner we drove four miles to another homesteader's where
we were to stay two weeks. We were to keep house, care for their stock and
garden while they went to Wyoming. This was luck for us as our home was not
yet finished. The cabin where we were to stay was one big log room, 20 1X 30 1 ,
with a di[...]. Everything was neat and clean and
we were made to feel at home at once. Next day about 10:00 a.m.
w[...]inguishing badge of our home place. As
we ~ame up to the head of the coulee and the land flattened our the road turned
si,arpley to the right and t 1.ere, it I s freshly pealed pine[...]n the wagon and we were in the cabin's side yard.
How pleasant the smell of the pine--how quiet our world was-- how good to breathe
this light pine and sage-laden air. We ju[...]s.

Why We Came hTest to Montana
by Mrs[...]In 1912, we made the decision, he would go to Montana, Wyoming, or
Dakota. He planned to work a season in the wheat harvest and look for a[...]hole eastern part of Montana had been thrown open to homesteaders, and
that he too was looking for a place to locate.
Cook had a team and waeon. Harley[...]ver the three men prepared for the trip. Cook was to
provide transportation. Harley and Patterson, the[...]ad a long handled skillet, a coffee
pot, a bucket to heat water in, a bent iron rod on which to hand the coffee
pot or bucket over the camp fire.[...]hrough what is now Petroleum Co. crossed the soon-to
be-famous Cat Creek Basin· camped at Gilt Edge i[...]ng a night there they drove the twenty-five miles to Patterson's
homestead on the Middle Fork of Lodge[...]short distance from cite
of a future post office to be named Benzien.
They all rested a[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (41)of looking, Cook decided on 320 acres of land adjoining to Patterson ' s .
Sortly thereafter , Harley chose[...]out at the foot of the pine covered hill that was
to be our bill was a spring , the water of which was[...]e l ogs
for both of our cabins . They hauled ours to the place Harley had chosen f or
the house and piled them up to dry . He helped Cook build his house before
leavi[...]s by freight about a month before he left. I wa s to come t o ow new
home in July .[...]in our
midst . He and his family came from Canada to Montana about 1916. He had r e-
tired from active practice and had not intended to go back into practice
here . But the need here fo[...]f influen~a . The doctor was called on constantly to make long trips
to care for the sick .
For the two worst winte[...]His final trip was one of fifteen miles down to the Musselshell Ri~er.
An old man had broken a le[...]old Doctor's farm wagon, and now they were going to be his coffin .
"Let's take them into the shop .[...]p , and quietly and competently
Mr . Garfield set to work with his plane and saw . The pot- bel[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (42)[...]ls in the country, l eaping from one lonely ranch to another on the
wings of gossip, the most rapid of telegraphs. There was no getting out to
the railroad over the hundred miles of snow blocked trails, and any way it
was customary for the country to care for its own dead.

The old Doctor had a[...]aking=''Well, it
just about means our moving back to town. Mary never will stay out here with
the old doctor gone. He was always to be depended on; if one of the kids
was sickJ Mary[...]e flame as he answered: "Why the hell did it
have to be the old doctor; we could have spared anyone else. I'd rather it'd
rather it'd been me. let's get to work .. " And they relieved the two in the
half d[...]arm clothes and had taken her in her own bob sled to the nearest
neighbor's. She had then brushed and[...]stock inspector at the Chicago yards, and sent it to
her at Christmas time. She hadn't yet had leisure to make the dress. New
dresses did not come to her very often, and with a half suppressed sigh she
started with it out to the shop.
Mr. Garfield paused in his careful planning to greet her cheerfully.
"I was just wondering what[...]" laid down her cherished goods: "Why did it have to be
the old Doctor? God knows the country could have spared most anyother two
men to keep him7
Mr. Garfield quietly watched a lo[...]having
him take care of her when the baby came . How we'll-get her out to th e
4/

Garfield County: The Golden Years (43)[...]"Ma" was busy w.tth her scissors cutting the silk to fit into the nearly
finished coffin. They covtred[...], and the sad
little precession made its slow way to the clean cut grave on the sand rock
knoll. A rou[...]reater love hath no man",
and the Doctor was left to his rest.

The[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (44)[...]ially t he Abstractor himself as this fella wants to be sure he don't
Walk off any of the enjoy[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (45)[...]Charles Hirth Mahoney came from Minnesota to Miles Oity in
1907 at the age of 1 year with his parents, Mr. & Mrs. Mahoney.
In 1910 they came to the Keplerville neighborhood to work for
Perry Kepler. They came from Miles City[...]Mr. Mahoney and one daughter died. It took 3 days to take
the bodies to Miles City by wagon for burial. Hirth and his
Mother and sister, Helen, continued to live on themmestead.
The children went to school at the Viall Schools and Hirth at-
t~nded[...]worked on ranches and
sheared sheep from Nevada to Montana. In 1933 to 1935 he worked
in the Legislature and the specia[...]ld County, ..and was elected and
served from 1948 to 1960. He held the office of President Pro-
Tam of[...]n Hirth was discharged from the army he come back to
Garfield County and the old homestead which he no[...]nching, aided Garfield County in getting
R. E. A. to the Rural areas as well as the town.
For Recreation he said he liked to travel. He has been in
every state in the Union but Maine, New Hampshire and Vermont,
these he hop es to see in the near future by camper. He has also
bee[...]s
teaching school at Worden, Montana.
(As told to me by Charles Hirth Mahoney, Fern E. Schil[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (46)[...]orn in Iowa in 1879 and the family moved overland
to California when he was a small boy. His father wh[...]or a while with an older s ister and then he took to the
cowboy trails. He rode for many of the big ra[...]a" called "Cherry Cow" outfit of Arizona. He came to
Montana about 1908 and ro de for the ranches and[...]n
Sheriff Edsall came out and asked for some help to look for
evidence on the p lace of a man accused[...]elected Sheriff
of Garfield County and Fred moved to Jordan to be full time
deputy. When Bateman died in office, Fred was appointed to fill
out his unexp ired term and then was himself[...]over
as sheriff of Garfield County.
Fred returned to his homestead on the 79 branch of Lodgepole
creek, and joined in the transition from farming to ranching
th a t was taking p lac e in the[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (47)[...]ved with her
family to Western Montana. There she spent her
early girlhood, later moving to Miles City area.[...]Ethel was married to Dale Beauchamp in 1931.[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (48)[...]ty SupErintendent was held from September of 1948 to
January of 1959 by Mabel Wood Pollard. She was bo[...]in the High School at Milan, Michigan , she
came to Highmore, South Dakota, where she taught in the n[...]zed high
school two years, than she was persuaded to run for County Superintendent.
She held office fo[...]g about all the free land in Montana, she decided to homestead and
in 1916 found hers elf living on a[...]or
rural schools passed in 1949, which has proved to be a wonderful thing for
Country people. She had the pleasure of helping to make it work in Garfield
County.[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (49)[...]Fern Nelson Schillreff
It is hard to tell of all of the important things that have tak[...]anges. We have graduated from
the horse and buggy to the auto, then to the airplane and later to the jet age
and on to the space age. Who knows what might be in the nex[...]It was in November, 1919, that I came to Gar.field County
with my par[...]my sister, Lura.
~ dad came to the south side of the lt:iver to run h01taes
and cattle for t[...]a drop of rain at our house.
We later mOYed to the west side of the Dry and lived here tor a short time
before moving to a rented place on the Missouri River Bottom. It w[...]went up the river on its last trip. We went down to watch it go by.
We used to go help Dad "rob a bee tree", an, experience that[...]d bought a prize winning Model T and I was afraid to ride in it as I
had never ridden in one and I was[...]it
stopped. We always walked up the hills, mainly to be handy with a block to
put behind the wheel when the car had exhausted its ability to go any farther.
It still puzzles me as why those[...]ill backwards when they did
not have enougl power to go up the right way.
We later bought the Byr[...]s school and later High school in
Jordan. We rode to school in spring and fall and boarded in winter, most or
the time at Slaughters. Here we were taken to school by Mack or Ernest in a
sled or "cutter" be[...]ays we had a wild ride when the
team would decide to run away.
In summer time we run cattle on t[...]ome-
times on Sand Arroya and Bear Creek. We used to ride these areas often.
Each summer the CBC[...]the lake and in the spring or
1938 we were forced to move from our home. We moved to the Jack Bass place on
Frazier Creek, just[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (50)[...]these
were the years that we learned what it was to study. W e had no time to cook
so lived on Cinnamon toast and coffee. I did[...]ts. The following spring I
went to Pocatello, Idaho and then on to Seattle, Wn. to work
for s. H. Kress & Co., but returned a year later to teach in
Garfield County.[...]th 13 pupils in all grades.
My next term was to complete a school term at Cat Creek School. I was[...]a couple of rented places and in 1952 moved back to the Frazier Creek
Ranch. I continued to teach. I taught at Pure Water School, There was a[...]I taught 2 years in Jordan second grade then went to Cohagen to teach all
grades. I next taught at Castle Butte S[...]there also, later they built
a nice teacherage on to the school room. After we moved b, ck to Frazier Creek
Ranch, I ~aught at Aester School, and Frazier Creek School, then went to Viall
School. 1 his was an improvement as we now[...]lowing autumn I taught at Castle Butte again only to f i nd the school
in a new location •• It was while teaching here that I made up my m1 nd to go into
politics. I filed for the office of Count[...]ampaign before
the Primary electio~ I vqs elected to take over the office of the County Super-[...]he past 10 years I have haq several girls come in to help me in the summer
Wlth budgets and oth[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (51)[...]Seattle, Washington
The burning desire to own their Oifn home and the adventure of home-
st[...]. & Mrs. Alfred Miller, t o
leave Kansas and come to Montana. They arrived in Miles City in October of
1915.
The women and children were brought to Jordan by Ray Drennen, who
operat ed a stage-lin[...]tablished. Mrs. Mabel
Wilson was the first caller to visit Mrs. Kite after her arrival i n Jordan.
Early the following spring, the Kites moved to their homestead 7½ miles
north west of Jordan. They soon learned to know their neighbors, t he Chan
Childers, Elmer A[...]onal
oyster stew supper.
The children went to Vail Creek School, first in a "Sod.die" and then[...]homestead, Mr. & Mrs. Kite moved
closer into town to enable the children to attend high school and operated a
small time dair[...]ch in
Jordan, where Mrs. Kite was the first woman to be ordained as an elder .
During this time[...]al mail carrier. He carried the
route from Jordan to Finger Butte where the post office was in the home of
Mr. & Mrs. William Mc Cants. In addition to carrying the mail, Mr. Kite was
the "homesteaders[...]s,
Etc. ), the shopping list, and the pocket book to Mrs. Maude Pemble in the
We st Mercantile Store. "Penmde" would fill the orders and have them ready to go
on the next mail day.
Mr. Kite w[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (52)[...]and Ollie migrated from Eldorado Springs
Missouri to Bozeman, Montana.[...]er, 1914 the Edsall 1 s again migrated, this time
to Daws on Co. later called Garfield County, the lan[...]rame house, which we used,
supplemented by tents, to give us housing. We h ad shipped by
rail from Salesville, precent Gallatin Gateway to sumatra.
Be had several wagons, loaded wit[...]also h ad several loose horses and cattle.
We had to make return tri ps to Sumatra, about 70 miles to get
other equipment and machinery, which we had shipped there.
Then there was the hard work to get wood and coal to carry
us through the winter. The wood was hauled[...]l and use
balance for fuel.
The horses had to graze for the most of their food, some how
we managed to give them a feed of grain in nosebags, and when
t[...]e homesteaders would take teams
and wagons and go to Eastern Montana and North Dakota and work
through the harvest season, to raise money for a 11 grub stake", to
carry over for another year, hoping next year wou[...]uld stop by all those that lived along the trail, to pi~k any
outgoing mail and bring back their mail[...]land against the filing fee,
that we would starve to death homesteading, and that almost happ-
ened se[...]my brother Lon & I entered the armed service,
had to go to,Glendive to report, had one of the neighbors take us
to Ingemar by car, then by train to Glendive. We returned to the
homestead in late 1919.[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (53) In August, 1920 I was married to Hazel A. Miller, a wonder-
ful pardner and helpma[...]ched until 1963 where we sold our
ranch and moved to Lewistown, Mont.,to retire. We still own my
original homestead.[...]'s health failed and
Clyde O'Connor was appointed to finish the term.
I held various offices in G[...]l Board.
When we first settled, it was miles to my fences, and those
only small pastures or aroun[...]s
just trails. The younger generation don't begin to know what the
early settlers put up with. The j[...]ears ago. I like
many others give a lot of credit to Franklin Delano Roosevelt,
who made it possible t[...]usett, Butte Creek and Blackfoot country owe much to
Baan Wille who operated the General Store.[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (54)[...]ecessary signa t ures were obtained and
presented to the County Commissi_oners, who then held a public
hearing, with the re s ult that a decision was made to establish
a County Library.
Mrs. Wren Mar[...]rian by the County
Commissioners. The library was to be open afternoons five
days a week for a twe ~ty hour week. Library cards were to be
sold at one dollar each.
Miss Ellen Tor[...]ssed in 1956, federal
funds we re ma de available to rural areas and towns of less than
10,000 populat[...]ell Sallgren as driver. The original
schedule was to have service out of Miles City every other Friday[...]. On September 23, 1962, the
schedule was changed to include other areas of the county, with
stops at[...]July 1, 1967 that county libraries were required to have appointed
Library Boards. Therefore, the Cou[...]e fall of 1967 the County Commissioners were able to
make a lease agreement with school d istri[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (55)[...]road crew
moved the library books and furnishings to a twenty three by
twenty eight foot room in this[...]pecially for the Bookmobile, which
can come right to the door. And a telephone was installed.
Compared to the 534 boo ks cataloged on opening day, the
libr[...]at many more through the Bookmobile. We subscribe to
Interlibrary Loan, the State Film Library, and ma[...]re a requisite, and the willingness of the people
to participate in benefits received from thA use of federal
funds has also helped to make this possible.
Wri[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (56)[...]h
Did ya ever take your Saturday b a th, and have to scrap and scrub
while squatin down on your haunch[...]lean habits - believe in a ba th a week,
it helps to keep you healthy and it freshens your physic.
But if I had my druthers, well, I rather eat a bug,
than to take my Satu rday bath again in tha t galvanized[...]ed washing
tub.
Did you ever stand there stripped to the skin, with the wood
stove bakin'your hide afraid to stick your dern foot in, afraid
of baking it aliv[...]fresh
stuck hog.
Crawled out of the tub and next to the stove, stand there
shiverin and shakin- the front side ~-~ you is freezing to death
and the back side of you is baking.
No, I ain't done yet, there's something else that I been wantin
to say- I was the youngest of all them kids that bat[...]ound our house all us kids took our bath accordin to order
which meant I had to take my bath in that same dad-blame old Wa[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (57)[...]ny years.
Their daughters, Lila & Roana went to gr ade school at Lone Tree and
they moved to Jordan for their daughters to attend high school and their son
Wayne started to school in Jordan. In 19Ju the Lockes moved to Interprize,
Oregon.
Corda will be rem[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (58)[...]My Father had t o walk out i n the Country to work on a farm.
My Mother was a small woman. Once a week she woul d go to the
Bake[...]y it out
to the Jcountry and sell it to
the big[...]the way they had to make the[...]r
wanted to go to America.
Grandma didn't want to go for
s[...]town and went to Hamburg to
get on t[...]e we
was to take was delayed. It
was to be a fast boat and we
was to cross in nine days. But[...]ell, a Hotel ~ an me t us at the boat and took us to his hotel ~:arld
he gave Father an understanding to keep the chi ldren inside.
We stayed in New York[...]n us up. By tha t time I was 8 years old.
I went to school t wo ye ar s i n Germany. Where we lande d[...]house and a little barn on it. Then ~e
all h ad to work t o get some cleared l and so we cou[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (59)[...]ork, and we got along just fine.
When I had to go to school I couldn't speak a word of Eng-
lish. And[...]e
white. Well, the teacher had lots of fun trying to make me say
words. At that time the parents had to furnish their own books.
Well, time kept marching on and I had to go to a confirming school.
It just seemed like I had to learn the whole Catecism by heart,
but I made it.
After I was confirmed, I went out to work. I hired out to
a neighbor for $12. a month. All rainy days taken out. When it
rained I had to go in the woodshed and split wood for my board.
Then I went to another place and he paid me $16. a month, I
followed a walking plow all day. I went from their to Toledo,
Ohio, where I hired out to a gardner at 25 dollars a month. When
fall came he sent me in on the Market with a load of squash. I
had to get up at three in the morning. A Jew came along and want-
ed to knew the price I wanted. I told him so much. He said "I
take em you take em to my place~ He said "follow m~. He led me
way out to the north part of town. Then he said, 11 1 1 11 t[...]through I had a half a
load left. It was too late to go back on the Market. I soon
found out how a Jew does business. I quit that place and hired
out to another gardened. He had 15 acres of tomatoes, He gave me
a pair of shears and put me to cutting those big green worms
that was eating up the vines. I didn't stay there long. So I went
to Martin, Ohio to work for my brother. He had a Tile Yard sett-
ing[...]in Cleveland,
Oklahoma. A friend and I left Ohio to go to Oklahoma. When we got
there, I never seen so many[...]its. I soon got tired of
laying around, so I went to Hominy, Oklahoma and hired out to an
Indian that had a farm. He had a white woman f[...]d for him until Harvest start-
ed in June. I went to Garfield, Oklahoma and helped a farmer
stack some wheat. Got a team and wagon went hauling bundles to the
thrashing Machine at 3.00 a day for man and T[...]done. Then this man that had the machine sh~-
ed to his outfit to Oakes, North Dakota, and he wanted me to go
with him. He promised me work till it was all over. Well, I got a
harvest ticket but it was only good to Hecla, South Dakota, so the
train got to Hecla at midnight. Next mornin~ we was sitting al[...]with you and
if it don't make it I will come back to town and it won't cost
You nothing." That is good[...]He said"wages
are 2.00 a day and if you will help to take care of the Header
horses I'll pay you 2.25[...]worked for him till harvest was over. I hired out to
Morgan Brothers for the winter at 20.00 dollars a[...]e of 20 head of horses and 80 head of cattle, had to clean
~ I
Garfield County: The Golden Years (60)[...]blizzards and then spring came and they wanted me to stay and
work for them that summer. They paid me[...]age. We put in 1600 acres of
wheat and I forgot how much oats and Flax. I stayed with them all
summer. Then when winter came I quit them and went to work for
Art Bartlett. I worked for him all wint[...]s in the summer.
By that time we was going to dances and I met my good wife.
So this man that[...]d a medicine Route,
like Watkins. So I went over to Ellendale, North Dakota to see
this man. He and I made a deal. I bought his[...]the Winter of 1910 in December the 21s t we went to Huroq
South Dakota and was married. By this time[...]he hospital.
After we where married we went to Sherburn, Minnesota for a
short Honeymoon. That is where my wife lived before they moved to
Oakes, North Dakota. Then I had a brother living in Clark, South
Dakota. So in the winter of 1911 I went to pay him a visit. He
was ready to go some where else, so we made up our minds to come
to come to Montana to look for a homestead. We went out around
Townsend[...], 1911. I left my wife in Miles City while
I went to the Judith Basin to work in the harvest field. After
Harvest I came back to Miles City and got a job in the Milwaukee
Shops a[...]About the last day of April, 1912 we were ready to go out to
the homestead. One the first day of May we had a terrible blizz-
ard and we had to stay in Miles City 10 days before we could
start.[...]rvest
time came I took a team and wagon and drove to Beach, North Dakota
to work in the harvest. I left my wife and baby Edna[...]stead and that summer my brother's wife went back to Clark, South
Dakota to her parents and Gladys was born. When harvest was[...]ldren met me in Glendive, Montana and I took
them to Cohagen in a Hay Rack and I got things ready for winter.
Again I left my wife and baby on homestead and went to Miles City
t o ~ • in the Milwaukee shops and in the spring of 1914 I sent
my wfie back to her parents , while she was back their our[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (61) I came back to the old homestead and put in a little crop
with two horses and t hat was the last time I had to go our to
work. Then my wife came back in June, and we have[...]were born in our neighborhood and many would come
to my wife for help. She has delivered a number of t[...]tock they had.
Then the Spring 1920 I was elected to the Cohagen School Board,
L. P. Johnsen, Robert M[...]bers
and Albert Holten as Clerk. Robert McRea had to quit for he was
a sheepman. One day while attendi[...]got in
the Band, so he told the board that he had to quit. I can't
remember who took his place.[...]k. The doctor said that I had T.B. and that
I had to quit work and build my self up. So I laid around[...]one thing after another. Then Senator Holton came to me and said
that we should have a High School at Cohagen, so the board got
busy to see what we could do about it. The TaxPayers were[...]Senator Holton was interested was a good help er to
get the Hi gh School started. We build a High Sch[...]1929 the great Drouth started and wheat was down to
50 cents a bushel and in 1932 wheat was 25 cents a bushel. In
1934 Cattle were down to 20 dollars a head and the people start-
ed to leave the country. It was one dry year after anot[...]. ..
Now we will go back to the 20th, I think in 1934 Bill Pierson
was elected to the school board and Mike Weimer was Clerk. Then[...]he Old Settlers Picnic. We sent L.P.
Johnsen over to the Oil Well west of Cohagen and he bought[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (62)[...]ng for about 35 years.
Then they wanted big money to bring in the bucking horses, steers
and Calves. Nobody wanted to work without pay, so we was forced
to close it up.
Then in 1930 Hay Creek Taylor[...]nsen was
the Administrator and he gave me the job to try and sell the
things that Mr. Taylor left. Tha[...]ob for about 20 years. Then in 1942 I was elected to the
County Commissioneer Board. Mr. Fred Kibler a[...]so as time went on. Then Doyle Kester was elected to the
board and a little later Roy Edsall crone and was elected to the
board. As time went on we had a good road building machinery,
but nobody knew how to build a road. About all that time Gerty
Gurnett w[...]not over three meetings a month.
And now we come to 1960 we celebrated our Golden Wedding Aniver-
sary in the V.F.W. Hall. Then in 1967 had to remodel the Jordan
Post Office according to the government specifications.
Then in 1969 I had to remodel the old Bank Building to make 1t
fit for the County Attorney's office and[...]bout it.

Ready to go to Cohagen tor SOiie grub.[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (63) L. to R.s Mrs. Gossett,[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (64)[...]ansion near his original homestead
site, he moved to his present location, l½ miles northeast of
Cohagan in 1925, where he was able to add to his holdings from
time to time. He was married in 1926 to Coralynn Holton.
I came to the Cohagen community in 1911 with my parents, Mr[...]Albert Holton. My father took "squatters rights" to a
piece of land 2½ miles northwest of Cohagen,[...]most of the old neighbors moved away, selling out to the
'tough" ones. Drought, grasshoppers and har[...]r the floor,
and even on the bed, which we moved to the driest spot. Dad was
gone, and it soon becam[...]wouldn't get home for
some time. The rain turned to snow, and Mother, being from the
city, thought o[...]ho
had been kept in a stable before shipping him to Montana. We
also had a mare, Queen, who was western-bred. Mother tried to
get them into a tent we had close to the house for storage pur-
poses. Dave went in all right, but not Queen! Mother was a~raid
to tie Dave, fearing the tent would blow down during[...]heep .. stove" smoked terribl7, due
iao doubt . , to the fact that we had no chimmy as yet. The stove-[...]gh the roof, not enough for a good drat'tl
We had to stay covered up in bed most of the time to keep warm.
We hadto lie still, too, to kee p from upsetting the water pans
on the bed! O[...]t cleared up, the
sun came out, and water started to run everywhere. The horses were
O.K., much to Mother's surprise, Dad got home, and we all were[...]Cohag en. I was on e of the
first class of t hree to graduate, and our son Bill was the first
s[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (65)[...]were married in Dec. 1926. We took a wedding
trip to Minneapolis. We got home on Xmas eve, and it took us 13
hours to get from Miles City to Cohagen. We had lots of snow
that winter! We have[...]eads again! At
times like this, one surely learns how many friends one has, and
how good people really are, though they may not have time, or
take time, to show it all the time.
Axel retired in 1960,[...]field County Hospital Board for six years, belong to Home Demon-
stration Club, and do some baby-sitting with the grandchildren
from time to time, also belong to the Ladies Auxiliary of Ameri-
can Legion in Jord[...]d on
the local school board for 12 years; belongs to the Veterans of
World War I organization in Miles[...]auson Ranch b'l orr to Hawaii
Garfield County: The Golden Years (66)From left to right: Mrs. Albert Holton,
Mrs. J.B. "Gran[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (67)[...]service
to the patrons of Garfield County[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (68)[...]l
Years ago before the white peop le crune to what is now Jordan,
Montana t he Sioux and the Crow Indians were believed to have
inhabited this part of the country. It is sa[...]ur J . Jordan, for whom the town is nruned, crune to
Dawson County in 1883. He built his home here and[...]High School . In 1914 Elha
Louise Erickson crune to establish the first High School in Gar-
field Cou[...]e abandon-
ment and annexation of other districts to District No. 1 has
a cqui red t he followi[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (69)[...]s.
At the present our little flock has grown to an enrollment
of 175 pupils and there was[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (70)[...]. Kruse was a ppoln~ea
clerk . A.H. Kruse a greed to bring one barrel of water to the
schoolhouse every Monday morning and f/r this[...]here being no further business a moti on was made
to adjourn . Motion carried .[...]entioned she froz e he r hands
once while walking to school. "Those were great days f or
s ta yi~ home[...]969
January is very cold at Butte Creek
To see through the frost on the windows
you have to peek.
It is fun for the children to play in two foot sn ow
Wh en t h ey c ome in[...]a glow.
However, we a re beg i nn ing to look for a break,
Then maybe we can find some ice for to s kate
Or go ice f i s hing in someon[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (71)[...]e district was first laid out it went all the way to
the Missouri River. Later it was cut down to make two districts, 36 and
8• then in 1953 Dist[...]ed because of the rough country and its hardships to get
to the mouth of the creek.
The people who settl[...]he farmers used horse drawn implements. They used
to plow their lands with a horse drawn plow. They wo[...]e become abandoned and District no. 8 has annexed to District
No. 1, Jordan.)

H[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (72)[...]and they made it home oka y . Gr andma didn't go to sch oo l
for a whole week because h er ankle wa s[...]ce. Fanny, Grandma's special sadd l e mare , used to swim in
it with Grandma hanging on for dear l ife[...]Mrs. Gladys (Peterson) Strand (no re l at ion to Franc es
Peterson who taught during 1922-23, bu t a real good friend )
who was m.arried to Grandma's brother And r ew, in the summer of
1926[...]e from Mi nnes ota. The house where
Johnsons used to live is now two rooms of Grandma's present
home.[...]e re she r eceived her training .
She is a sister to Gladys {Pe terson) S trand , who was marri'ed t o[...]Andrew. Grandma says it seems like a family
album to her, as t hese last teac hers are related to each other.
In the winter of 1934-35, Char[...]rew Stra nds and got stuck in a c reek . They had to walk one
and a half miles to the East Ua l l Scho ol and De l la froze both
of her legs c l ear to the knees.
From h ere on, Gra ndma s ays, about the teac her, someone
else will have to f i ll 1n for he r because the school later on
wa[...]-
ch i ldren.
Written by Diana L. Pluhar as to ld to her by her grand mother,
Elna Hag lof.[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (73)[...]oss and they made it home okay. Grandma didn't go to sch oo l
for a whole week because her ankle was s[...]ince. Fanny, Grandma's special saddle mare , used to swim 1n
it with Grandma hanging on for dear life,[...]Mrs. Gladys {Peterson) Strand {no re l at i on to Franc e s
Peterson who taught during 1922-23, bu t a real good friend )
who was m.arried to Grandma's brother And r ew, in the summer of
1926[...]e from Mi nnes ota. The house where
Johnsons used to live is now two rooms of Grandma ' s presen t
hom[...]ere sh e received her training .
She is a siste r to Gladys (Pe terson) S trand, who was marri'ed t o[...]ndrew. Grandma s ays it seems like a family
album to her, as t h ese last teac hers are related to each other .
In the winter of 1934-35, Char[...]w Strands a nd got stuck in a c re e k . They had to walk one
and a half miles to the East Ua l l Sch ool and Della froze both
of her legs c l ear to the lmees.
From here on, Gra ndma says, about the teac h er, someone
else will have to f i ll in for he r becaus e the school later on
w[...]h ildren.
Written by Diana L. Pluhar as told to her by her grandmother,
Elna Hag lof.

E[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (74)[...]& Fdmund Cocke

Prior to the year of 1919, when Garfield County was create[...]ves at Osborn, Idaho, and
recently wrote a letter to Mr. and Mrs. Andy Schofield answering their eeque[...]ut the early schools. He tells of coming by wagon to Montana
from Idaho at the age of eight. His famil[...]hool under Dawson
County. The nearest post office to this school in 1920 were Anid and Edwards.
This b[...]ollowing schools; F.dwards, Nelson,
later changed to Meclcel, and in 1926 the Speas School. The neares[...]ter and Oscar Jarden, Spite Calks, and others had to attend the Steve's Fork
School to the west. A little later in summer, school[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (75)[...].
In 1938 when the Pat Murnion family moved to their present location they
found themselves with[...]Freil School house into their yard and joining it to District #10 under the
new name of the Big Dry Sc[...]boys who lived on the Abe Jarden ranch.
Now to return to the first District #49. Records show a Crown Butt[...]e School. Under the latter name
in 1917 according to Bob Cozzen, teachers were Mamie McKeever, Mabel G[...], Irma ~cKinney, and Roy Edsell.
Students now had to attend the Jarden school four miles east.[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (76)[...]d graduated in 1967. Jarie and Linda Slayton went to
town to school the last year.
Down through the year[...]have been a total of 16 schools.
People who came to this country new tl.d find it hard to believe that Dist.
#10 which covers approximately[...]eparate school districts.
Appreciation goes to Mrs. Mabel Wheatcroft, Mr. and Mrs. Bob Wheatcrof[...]t grade and Lorena Eledge, fifth grade were added to the
enrollment.
Mrs. Aileen Story taught 1[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (77)[...]ol)
and No. 24 (Taylor Creek School) were annexed to District No.15,
(which at one time was called Wi[...]istrict (old Billings School) as a vote was taken to move the
school to the Billings school site. The vote carried, so ne[...]ol
was ready and Evelyn Billings opened the doors to nine eager
faces.
Some of the youngsters who have attended this school since it
was moved to this location were as follows: John, Tom,[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (78)to the school at its original site and in later years again
moved to its present location.
(The above hist[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (79)[...]prize. That same year a
petition••• signed to have a nine month term of school,also to
establish a school district separate from the Jo[...]and Floyd Osborn were hirea, for throe dollars, to re~air the
school-yard fence. During the twenties Max Capwell 1 a ~mestead
shack was bought and moved to the school for a teacherage. In
later years it was moved to the Van Norman School, where it is
still in use.[...]Now some of the children
ride on the school bus to Jordan.
Many g ay times were had[...]n 1912 one neighbor,
w}-:-" '.·. ou.gh+: 1 t was to far for his childr~n to walk to school,
t ' -:• ... ·: : .. nc schoolhouse to within a half mile of his house• The
schov~ boa1d heard of this, the next day they made him move it
back to its original location.
In[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (80)[...]15
and 16, and part of McCone County. There seems to be some
confusion over who were the trustees at t[...]the
beginning of the year, in 1915, they decided to call a bond
election to build a school called the "Pioneer Schoolu. The
f[...]s Miss Halle Seeds. Miss Kate
Doerfloer was hired to teach the Spring Creek School.
In 1917 the[...]rother lived near there.
Mr. Miller found a woman to teach these children. The woman was
an elderly lady named Miss Dalton. She was supposed to be a
sister of the famous Dalton Gang.
In 1917 an[...]hen Eileen (DeBock) Thomas started school she had to
go eipht miles to the Soda Creek School in McCone County. He[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (81)[...]etimes a horse
or two would decide it didn't want to be caught and those
mounted would run the unruly[...]kids would dash out
the school house door and try to get to the gate before the
other hoEses made their escap[...]ain
~losed because there were some in each family to enter High
School. The families moved to Jordan or Circle during the
school terms.
I[...]It was later moved east of the Gibbs ranch closer
to Bigelows. The teachers were Mrs. Peterson, Arleen[...]ek School (Flowing Wells} lots and well
were sold to the State Highway Department for $250.00.The
school buildings were sold to someone at Vida and moved there.
About 1947[...]ntz children. Dell Grimes taught and her boy went to
school there.
Our present Flowing Wells Sch[...]ohn Bollinger, Bill Helm and Elmer
Liebelt agreed to buJ a building rrom Kingman Hedstrom. It was
moved to the present site. Jeannette Anderson was the cler[...]and Esther Hedstrom
gave a dance in their Quonset to raise money for the playground
equipment.[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (82)[...]Kountz

Mrs. Bascom & Gibbs Children
on Wa1 to school[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (83)[...]met an old classmate, Ann Losinski.
I asked her to have some coffee and pie with me. After we got to
the cafe and got sat down we got to talking about t~e old school
days. Ann asked me[...]. I
told her that somebody said they were going to tear it down.
While Ann and I were drinking our[...]and ~athy
Helm and Linda Helm. We were all ready to start the search for
information. We went around the community talking to old timers,
looking up facts and putting them al[...]No. 15. A few ot the trustees at that time seem to have been
John Milroy, _who migrated to eastern Montana from Scotland in
the year 1898 a[...]ge. In 1915, the district
called a bond election to build a new school. The new school was
to be called the "Pioneer". No one today seems sure[...]ol was built
and Miss Katie Doerloer ·was hired to teach at a sum of $84.00
per month. In 1915 schoo[...]ounty. Many of these children,
however, didn't go to school, and some effort was needed to see
that most of them attended school regularly.[...]ey had n o desks and used benches along the walls to sit
on. Another thing that we now have and[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (84)[...]sand box. This stove used coal or wood
which had to be carried from a coal shed. The children usually
rode porseback or walked to school. Many of the pupils were the
families of t[...]or if he is still
living. The first trustees seem to have been: R.H. Bigelow, P.J.
Nickols, H~G• Hil[...]e from or when he got here.
Jay Gibbs came to Montana from North Carolina in the year
1903 and[...]homesteaded together. In 1917, Jay sold his share to Roy
and went back to North CaroliJl.a. There he was married to a pretty
young lady. In 1918 Jay came back to Montana and stayed here
until his boys were through high school.
John Helm, Sr. migrated to the United States from Russia. He
settled in Gack[...]started his family. Then he and his fanily moved to
Montana. In 1960, tragedy hit thefamily, when Mrs[...]mesteaded in Harriet, South Dakota. Then he moved to Montana in
1915. He and his wife had five childre[...]n in Crawford, Nebraska, on May 1, 1890.
He moved to Garfield County when he was twenty-one years old.[...]al Frady now lives.
Jacob Schlepp migrated to the United States from Russia in
1911. He formerl[...]Helm presently lives.
Atter the dry 3o~s he moved to Vida,Montana, then on to a place
in California wnEtr~ ne 'lived until his[...]but for a place of worship, also. So they decided to
build a church. They called it the Newdorfer Luth[...]A build-
ing was erected, named and still stands to ser~e the people of
the community.
After visit i ng with the people of the community, we regret-
e (3 to r t nd that so many of the old timers, who had ma[...]will never be forgotten and homes and famil-
ies to carry on and make families to carry on and make the
history of tomorrow.[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (85)[...]water School-1969
front rows L. to R.J Tuth Losinski,
Kathy[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (86)[...]second grade and the Losinski children then moved to
Cohagen to complete their schooling.
There was a churc[...]926 the Jordan's sold their cows and bought
sheep to winter. They sold in April of 1927 and in the fir[...]time and they lost about 1500
lambs. It got down to about 5 above. The snowdrifts were over
the sheep[...]in this area mined
their coal south of what used to be the J ·ohn J ·o rdan ranch on
Tree Coulee. J[...]n's and Bill came here in 1917 and then went
back to join the service until the war was over. Then they
came 1n May of 1920 to homestead.
John Losinski and his wife and s[...]t, and a rattle snake took their afternoon siesta to~ether.
It was the habit of the times in the summer after dinner for
the men to go out in the shade on the north side of the house
and take a nap. Hubert curled up and went to sleep. When
Mrs. Losinski went out to get them up to go back to the fields
there was a rattlesnake curled up taki[...]about it for a while. She
Was afraid if she tried to get her son up he would wake the[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (87) snake in the process, so she finally came to the conclusion.
she would have· to take her son away from the snake and tnereby
in[...]dan tells of the time he and his family went out
to clean out a rattlesnake den. John was dressed in[...]daughter, .who was about 10 at the time bent down to
take the rattles or some of the dead snakes and there was
a live one and they managed to grab her back just in time.
Seely Hammond h[...]icked up cans of
cream once a week and hauled it to the railroad.

Tree[...]the teacher stayed with Dee Singletons and walked to school, which was a
distance of about l½m[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (88)[...]Roy. In 1926 they left their homestead
and moved to Miles City.
Olof Sutherland was a minister a[...]in the school building between the years of
1919 to 1924. He and his wife didn't have any children. In
1925 they moved to Minnesota because of the drought which thin-
ned[...]oses.
Transportation in those days for going to school were
horse, buggy, sleigh and your own two[...]first teacher of the Sutherland School from 1919 to
1920 was Mildred Dunlap and the first ~upils were[...]ta,
and he was a barber by trade. They moved back to Minneapolis
in 1924 because of the drought.[...]sota.
We can't remembe~ who taught from 1927 to 1932.
Charlie Roll taught from 1932-33 and h[...]reopened and the school district changed
from 45 to 18.
Garfield County: The Golden Years (89)[...]1967-1969.
Written by Dennis Pluhar as told to him by his grandmother,
Elna Haglof.[...]in
the Sutherland School, the same one I'm g oing to now in 1969.
In 1925 he started the school y[...]202.
There were five Taylor youngsters going to school in 1936.
The teacher was Geneva Car l son[...]truck
it on his shoe and it bro ¥. e. They tried to find the match
head but cou l dn't, so they we nt[...]and saw
a fire had started. They ran about a mile to get help but the
fire burned about 20 ac r[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (90)[...]o was about seven
or eight years o l d, came back to di g out the coyotes. It was
a pretty b ig hole so they decided to l et Sud d own in it to
take a look. They lit a lantern and Alvin hung on to Bud's
leg s a nd let him down . Bud had a n ine s[...]r the young ones. Bud started hollering at Alvin to pull
h im out. Th e n the coyote started coming t[...]ne day when Bud Tay lor and Tex Taylor were going to
s chool they r a n into about six s hunks. The s kun~s ran into a
h ole, so they decided to dig them out. T~ey dug out five of
t h em and tho[...]y h ad t h em a l l ou t. Tex loo ked in the
hole to s e e if t he re was a ny left, a nd he g ot it r[...]stud in a pasture through which oud
Taylor went to the Uall School. t,fn e n they would g o to school
each mor n ing the h orse would paw the b[...]ext mor n ing the stud saw the buggy a nd started to run as
far as he could and never pawed the b uggy a gain.
Bud and Vic Taylor used to got to school in a toboggan
and Vic would pull it wi th[...]Th ere was a time when Sud Taylor trie d to g o h ome in a
bllzz9.rd. When Bud g ot a mile from the Uall School, he decided
··a ~o up the creek back to the schoolh ouse. His t eacher,
'~ •, ~[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (91)[...]ht the school term
1921-22.
Once they tried to have school in a tarpaper schoolhouse
called Froh[...]e teacher, Mrs •.
Marie Hovick Wangberg, having to rush the kids home before a
b-ig rainstorm starte[...]that tarpaper school-
house that they would have to go to the north side and study
in the shade.
If y[...]a Brown was teaching during
1922-23, the kids got to school and Miss Brown had forgotten
to get up. It was a freezing winter day so the kids[...]breakfast.
Written by Diana L. Pluhar as told to her by Otto Hirsch.

District Ho.[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (92)[...]those eays, it had many difticulties. The big one to be over-
come was the fact that the two main inte[...]la that it one or them woula move their buildings to the other
side of the creek, they would give them[...]as no school in 1926 so the Shawver
chilq;en went to the Spring Creek school for two months in the
fall, then again in the spring they went to Spring Creek in 1927
for six months. The Tripps moved to Jordan and their chil~ren
went there for the scho[...]awver's
neice from Nebraska, Edna Gallup came out to teach. This was
the year that I started schoo l ,[...]applications tor the school each year and for us to hire re-
latives just wasn't the thing to do. However, she was an ex-
cellent teacher, even[...]use I was small and we didn't
have enough saddles to go around, I had to ride double with her.
When the weather got cold w[...]was finis hed. The neighbors came from everywhere to
attend it and that was the year I first learned about ghosts,
The next year, Anthony Murphy came out to teach. The boys
in the school really love[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (93)[...]She stayed with Tripps. She ana the girls
drove to school in a lumberwagon ana horses every day. It[...]of course the young
men •er1ni~ely beat a path to her t1oor. ·Most often on Moneay
morning the stu[...]ey • . They · were really a mess when they got to
school. Miss Fatur t11dn 1 t take to joking very well ane, or cour~e,
we kies re~lly r[...]Tripp had a 'serious operation and couldn't riee to school.
The Shawvers were having to move on account of health rea-
sons. When . the s[...]girls stayell with
Tripps but when Shawvers went to Calitornia, tn.ey took 'GWO of
the, girls along a[...]acher an• even thou~
we liked her, we still had to play little tricks on her, like
going out at the[...]g for it.
One of the big obstacles we had to contend with was the
creek. More than once we had to swim our h orses at the crossing
to get home. One night I can still remember the cree[...]1p:h and Mr. Tripp was th A only one that made it to school to
see that we were all right. We all stayed in the[...]pt on the floor.
It seemed like no matter how she tried to come in nice weather
our county superintendant, D[...], always made it in the
mud. We nearly always had to pull her car out of the mud or
s now. She was alw[...]can remember one time in the spring we starte• to school
in the buggy, the water was very high an• the horses had to
swim it, for some reason the box came off the buggy, we had to
'it.
Garfield County: The Golden Years (94)jump out on the cakes ot ice ans make ~t to shore. We all got
to the bank but it was the one on the other· side o[...]he horses got out ana went home am) our tlad ha.u to come a.no
get us. He took us home ano we got dr1ea out then on to school
we went, for we selaom missed school.
The year that Curtis Chamberlin started to school, Glenn
Graham ana George Shawver moved a cabln in for Mrs. l"'\anrb~rlin
to live in. The eabin was several miles a.way and in or ■ er to
bring in they has to come down this real steep hill. They rough-
locke[...]the boys got ol der they set out traps
on the way to school for coyotes. They weren't very smart in
th[...]tch a coyote and were so proud of it they
took it to school to show it off.
Deer were very scarce in those[...]and had broken its leg. We
took it home and tried to splint its leg but we finally haa to
kill it.
In all the years I attende~ school[...]ans all the flowers on the s outh slopes startea to bloom.
We'd go flower picking ancl wouldn't get back to school until
late but the teacher enjoyed it as m[...]written by her.

Squaw Creek School
L.to R.: Mrs Watters, B1anche, Foster
teacher[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (95)[...]pring Creek
Once a long time back there used to be a school over east
'that was called Spring Creek, where my dad used to go; up on the
hill. It was a log cabin, the firs[...]side or the school house. They always
came over to the spring to get their water. The settlement of
families was c[...].
Grandad Mury would ride over in the spring to bring Grandma
and the children groceries. He would have to ford the creek on
his horse or leave things on the other side of the creek and
come back in the morning to cross before the creek came up.
One night th[...]lot of noise up on a rock ledge so they came back to the Mury
cabin. Arnold Mury went over to see what it was. He climbed a
tree close by and w[...]mother bobcat. He got out of
there and went over to Guy Sower's place to get a gun. Roxie
and Glenda watched with t[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (96)[...]t a few years ago. There
is a piano which belongs to Amy Crane. The second room is 15
feet by 11 feet, and is used to house the teacher. It contains
a wardrobe closet,[...]d ~ohnny Loomis in the first grade.
Getting to and from school when the side roads are wet and
c[...]el
drive pick-ups. Patsy Ryan still rides a horse to school every
day. She ages not miss school often, only when the temperature
drops to 20 below zero.
The school is still without[...]well behind the school
so the water does not have to be brought to school.
In the early 1900's School District 19 belonged to Dawson
County. It extended North to the Missouri River and South to
Edwards.
The first school in District 19 wa[...]hered from miles around
by way of horse and wagon to attend dances and card parties.
School star[...]ooden
benches and tables. Slate pencils were used to scratch on
slates. Discipline was very good and everyone attended to his
work. In the front of the room were hung a bu[...]r had cut and placed there. Very few
were anxious to see how well the teacher could use the switches.
W[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (97)[...]d Cha rles Phipps d id not know when it was
time to go to school so the y stayed home. Al so, Charles
Phipps thought the fire must be t co close to go to school,
so he stayed home. Many people thought it to be very close.
The fire was reported to be near the Muss e lshell River.
There were only[...]try but they saddled
their horses and started off to fight the fire. They couldn't
locate it as it was[...]hundred feet around it.
Th e people still wonder how she managed to do it and not let
it get away from her.
Li[...]e bad the children couldn't
make it the ten miles to Blac 1foot School. With smaller child-
ren, Garry[...]21N Range 33 E . in 1951. District 19 had $800.00
to build a schoolhouse. That wouldn't go far if you had to
buy the building materials. Alex Crane furnished[...]were cut on the farms of neighbors and
were taken to the Fre deric k Loomis Farm. Here was located a
m[...]d ~n 1953.
The Pine Grove School was moved to the top of the Liapple
Hi l l 1n 1964 for[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (98)[...]n
were found to be es~ablished in that area.
A school house[...]n & Esther McKnight's ranch--date unknown). Trips to and
from were done in haste.
Liberty School[...]years
had set in and had made funds unabtai nable to maint-
ain some schools and Liberty was among these. The
Depression forced ma~ families to pack up and leave
am now those are scattered here[...]r in
Kester School ..
Preparations were made to ready the school house tor the school term.
An ad[...]so it was ruled that all work and
materials were to be donated except the lumber, windows and[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (99)Back Row-L.to R.1 Willis Dage, Margaret McKnight;
Phyllis Keste[...]uri. River Breaks. It was moved
from the old site to a new site ( halfway
between McKnights and Gagnon[...]g.
L. to R. Raymond Amerson, Hirth[...]me, I forgot to mention. new outhouses[...]rear view of the school.
At right-- Back row- L.to R.1 Hellr7
Gonzales, Ray Anderson;
Middle[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (100)[...]egan in 1929 at $90.00 per month and have climbed to $500.00 per
month in 1969.
Our.County[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (101)[...]was a "Setsing", but in 1911 the school
was moved to Red Horse and the building was built by Ben Flemi[...]er and
Carl Stoner. The school was later moved by to Cohagan.
The .first persons to serve on the school board in District
No. 27 were[...]56
continous months in the lower grades from 1961 to 1967 when she
resigned a.fter she was in a car accident in route to school.
It is interesting to note that most o.f the children who are
now atten[...]ol house in
one area, the building would be moved to another location where
there are more students, a[...]Skunk Aroya
School building. It was moved in 1946 to Duck Creek, and in 1954
it was moved back again.[...]yard where it became stuck
in a mud hole, and had to be jacked up be.fore it could be pulled
ou[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (102) This school ran only a few years, from 1926 to 1930, with
the following persons teaching: Nina M[...]ohagen Dormitory burn-
ed down. The Dorm kids bad to stay in the Cohagan Gym. No one .
knows how the fire started.
The Cohagen High School cl[...]ttending school.
The Dorm was sold and moved to Jordan on trucks and later
torn down and s[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (103)[...]t always an easy job. There were plenty of things to
do and prepare for each days work. And of course each year the
8th graders had to be prepared for the State Examinations. The
fol[...]rence between winter wheat and spring wheat?
III. How would you test the soil for the presence of lime? How
does lime improve the soil?
IV. Tell how your study of agriculture would help you to be suc-
cessful in farming.
V. Why are there large arid regions in Montana? How can this
arid land be reclaimed?
VI. Why should our forests be protected? How can the children
help in protecting the forests?
VII. Classify as to sheep , chickens, cattle, swine.
_ _ _ _Berkshire[...]es
==--=-__Guernsey
VIII.Name five harmful weeds. How do weeds prevent crop growth?
IX. Fill in blanks[...]Farming is making a living out of the ____ •
3. To develop a better community spirit the f armers ha[...]e egg-laying type of chick-
en? What does it mean to cull a flock?
XII.Multiple choice test: Underling[...],
inexpensive,)
3. Clay soil is ( hard, easy) to drain. f
4. (Humus, Loam[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (104)[...]number.
1. Capillary action is A. plant disease
2. Grarting is used to B. the tiny plant within a seed.
3. Budd[...]-
icle of soil to another.
9. Plants grow b y _ I. permit rust spores to develop
om the[...]as built in Art Larson's yard, it was later moved to
Ralph McWilliams, then to its present location. (Schools were
moved[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (105)[...]1918. The first pupils were:(see
picture) left to right: Leroy Mason, Frank Elmer, Mrs.
Kelley, Don[...]en, Higginson, and Footitt children. I
was unable to get their first names.
The first trustees f[...]e time the following list of pupils may have gone to either
or both s~hools: McGlumphrey girls,[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (106)[...]was
$85.00 a month. They have gradually increased to $475.00
a month. Population in the distric[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (107)[...]ldren
Blackroot. went to Jordan by Bus to school.
1[...]solidated and moved to the present[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (108)[...]p has served
as clerk of District No.33 fDom 1934 to 1969, but his term of
office will be -0omp[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (109)[...]my
mother, Nellie M. Davi s as teacher. We walked to this
school, which wa s just one mile east of our homestead.
I was too young to be enr olled but was kept busy with
making scrap[...]of 1935; as
the children had moved a way or gone to high school.
For those who read this a[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (110)[...]t
was District 48 of Dawson County, later changed to District No.
42. The first trustees were W. H. Se[...]he Sand Springs school were as
follows since 1919 to the present time; some taught more than on[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (111)[...]cated near the
junction of the road from the road to the Old Jacobs place and
the Benzien road. According to their information, the Tindall
{Green) school bui[...]d no records could be found, therefore
it is hard to tell just who the teachers might have been, but
f[...]922-24-Katherine Bowen,Anna Kleiman and others
up to 1961 when the Mosby district was annexed b[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (112)[...]Stella Barker were also pupils. Both are
married to young farmers. Ruth and Mae Robinson were also pu[...]k School at her home in
1955-56. Joe Dutton moved to Sand Springs so the school closed,
and Florence A[...]ear.
In 1962 the Mc))aniels School was moved to Calf Creek on the
Brown Ranch and the following t[...]ict No. 42 moved the teacherage
from Sand Springs to a plot of ground given to the school by
George Williamson. This building ha[...]udies at Eastern, Jerry Robertson who
is studying to be an architect at Bozeman. David Robertson who i[...]g at Benzien near her home. Lois Rogge is married to
Darrell Johnson, a Great Falls teacher.[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (113)[...]niels Children attended this school. It was moved to
the Garfield County side of the Musselshell.
Mrs. Josephine McCleary taught from 1953 to 1956. Mrs. Delores
Hill finished out the 1956 ter[...]chool, Sand
Springs Montan~ with a special thanks to Jeannette Thomas,Jordan,
Montana tor the large am[...]ol began in the summer
of 1962 when it was moved to its prese n t location, 12 miles
west of Sand Sp[...]The schoolhouse was moved by a flatbed truck to its new
site. There it underwent a face l ifting[...]The fall of 1966 brought Miss Mary Wilson back to us. Miss
Wilson had married anJ was now M[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (114)[...]y "blew• on a very fun and educating field trip to Billin·g s,
Montana.
During the year of 196[...]ned .t he group
and the Hill children tran~ferred to the Mosby School 1n Mosby,
Montana. Julie also transferred to the Sand Springs School in
Sand Springs, Montana.[...]sition. The children learned that rules were
made to abide. During the spring month of April we held a[...]ebra Akerley. In December we enjoyed a field trip to the
late Mrs. -;r0hn Murnion•s residence near J[...]e 6, and Martha Brown, grade 5, and we would like
to thank Mrs. William J. Brown Jr., for the p[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (115)[...]he married Miss Mary Ellen Dunn. In 1891 he came to Montana
by team and wagon over the Rocky Mountain[...]around for
their mail. Before that they had gone to Weede, Montana f~r
their mail. Later a route was extended farther down the river,
to Ross.
Mr. Mosby had a ferry across the Muss[...]East would come out
here and need a saddle horse to ride out into the hills. They
didn't know their way around or how to ride a horse so the
family horse"Jimmy" was assigned to them as he always knew
his way back if the rider[...]osby passed away
in 1913. .Mrs. Mosby later moved to Miles City and passed
away in 1918.[...]Hill Sr. and Lemuel Rowton. Later on it was
moved to Mr. Rowtons' ranch. It burned down and was rebuilt.
Later it was sold to Fred Dunlap.
The Jet Fuel Refinery was orga[...]eld in about 1903. The
first teacher was tho ught to be Miss Emj_ly Henderson • Mosbys'
and John Hil[...]y School District reached from the Missouri River to the
Rosebud county line. Lemuel Rowton wa[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (116)[...]families
attending. In 1964-65 these pupils went to the Calf Creek School.
They continued to go there until 1967. They now attend a
trailer ho[...]s created.
The Youderian School was thought to have been eatablished
in 1920 •. The first teac[...]home-
stead in Cow Basin. She walked 1 3/4 miles to school every- day.
Viola McMain also taught there[...]was taught by Jcsephine McCleary. It was
supposed to have been named after a trail from Texas that went
across Central Montana to northern Ranges.
A partial list of teachers[...]at when Miss. Kyley stopped at Mosby when
enroute to her teaching position at Ross, she was tol[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (117)[...]the first day she taught, s~u ~sk one little
boy to do something, but he just grinned and made no mov[...]Warner replied•" Well, thi.3 yaar if there is
to be any crying, it will not be done by the teacher[...]st problem was with their baseball team. They had to
train Leta Rowton not to throw her bat the minute she hit at
the ball. I[...]s where. No one dared stand near and everyone had to
be alert. Mrs. Warner decided to tie a string to the bat and
slip it over her wrist, but that didn't work to well and they
had to take their chances.
Mrs. Anna Kleiman sai[...]a meeting for the
teachers of several districts to meet there. It was quite
embarrassing as it was a windy day. Soon after that a state
nurse came to examine the children. This was probably the
first time a state nurse had come to examine children here.
The first year Mrs[...]They must have had "doggie"
troubles according to a newspaper clipping which was signed by
Mrs. C[...]kind that even
. his best relative won't mention to him. The highly advertised
deodorants gudranteed to neutralize all smells :from dead fish
to skunk, would be of no avail in his case, as his p[...]is nought
but a trouble making stink. He smells to high-heavens from the
hills at the head of Calf Creek to the Mussellshell River and
is an abonimation un[...]er was teaching about "breeding".
They also had to stay out several months because of whooping
cough. I:f one had it, they all had to stay out. jchool only
lasted 6 months at[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (118)[...]on the Mussellshell River.
There they were unable to get to the cave entrance except by
being dropped on a ro[...]d be boiled instead. The children
were also taken to town for small pox shots. They had sore
ar•s in[...]John 0 1 Dea. The next morning they attempted to
cross. Mrs. Butler was drowned and the team and a[...]e of high water in a
creek so a young man affered to pack her across. When he got
in the middle of the[...]he spring and the water was cold. She didn't
want to be dropped! She T""':"--:----=---?
In 1917[...]eard some-
thing near his bedroom door. He got up to see what it was,
an ice bleck was co•ing in his[...]if their parents hadn't of kept hollering
at them to alert them. Several hundred sheep did drown.[...]ton eften crossed Sage Hen
Creek on Kents' donkey to get the mail. One of them would. ride
oTer to the other side and then turn him loose so the oth[...]m back with oats. Once they persuaded Mrs. Warner
to go aleng, and they got so absorbed in fishing that the
donkey got away. Mrs. Warner had to sit on the hillside several
hours until someone r[...]ey
got through school as school wasn't held but 4 to 6 months '
generally. One teacher had an embarass[...]ys. He had his feet in the aisle. she ask him to
put them under his desk. He didn't mind so[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (119)[...]any ■iles te get
their mail. John Hill Jr. rode to Mosby from Lodgepole once a
week to get the mail when he was only 6 years old. The ro[...]as branded
with a picture of a crow. A hard brand to make.
In order to vote, a person had to register with a
regi~tration agent. John Hill Sr. was a registration agent.
He went from place to place fer people to register. One
winter he made a trip to Indian Creek. When he got to this
man's place, there was no one there. The man had aied and it
was Ullk:nown toto eat until they got
t• Squaw Creek where Mr. Chr[...]story. No one thought anything of riding 30 miles to a
dance or town. One couple eloped and went clear to Texas on
heraeback with the father following clos[...]was so dcy and feed was so scarce that people
had to burn the thorns from cactus so the sheep would have
■ omething to eat.
In 1937 there were terrible dust storm[...]Verda Aeith
In order to get a school started for the children that lived[...]ell River 12 year old Knute Nordahl rode 75 miles to a town called
Gilt Edge in Fer~s County to attend a board meeting. The board members knew
th[...]e and the request that was made that
they agreed to provide a teacher and also to pay her wages.[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (120)[...]The families with school age children decided to move the school to a more
central location. School was held here fo[...]m
from the Touhy place down and across the river to the Piper place where a new
frame school house w[...]arner taught. On week-ends she rode
on horseback to Guy Bumps where her husband would come to meet and take her to
the Bart place where they were wintering some co[...]ith snow forts, etc. The losing "army"
begged her to come out and be on their side, as the other aJ11)[...]nd threw it wildly in the
direction of the enemy. To her horrified amazement it hit the opposing gener[...]ighborly spirit in the Ross Connnunity. They'd go to their neighbors
on bobsleds in the moonlight on the ice to play cards or to a dance.
I n the spring of 1927 when Ruth (Viall) Stanton was teaching, the school
burned to the ground. She broke the windows out with her ha[...]held in the old Piper house. Other teachers k~own to have
taught at these schools are Anna (Kle[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (121)Jac-ueline Gilfeather was the teacher. It was moved to Marcus Matoviches
in ~948 for Tiny Matovich and the Marks children from across the River to attend
the schoo, and Margaret ( Baucke) Olson wa[...]ob Gib sons for their children and Ti rv
Matovich to attend. Fern Barber opened the term in 1950 and t[...]the creek and later it was moved across the river to the Nordquist place.
The last school held in it,[...]Busby in the years from 1929-1938.
According to records the "Olmstead School" was taught in 1926-[...]at the mouth of the Musselshell River,
according to records, had Grace Weiness as their first teacher[...]52 was
taken from District No. 20, which extended to
the south of Mosby. Mrs. T. J. Gilfeather[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (122)[...]rdan
Slaughters, and one at the Haxby school site to accomodate the
children of Halls, Morgans, Norvi[...]e old building was
moved and John Stendal used it to live in and prove up on so•e
land. Materials fo[...]les around. The proceeds of the dances
were given to the Red Cross.
Originally, the district kno[...]ritory in
Districts 22 and 5 was thereby attached to school District
N•• 35, Haxby.
On Novem[...]eek. And in
1951 the Haxby school house was moved to that site.
On January 16, 1939 school district No. 54 was abandoned~
ana went back to district no. 35. Delpha E. Brown being
County Sup[...]time; this came about because of
lack of children to attend school.
District 35s' school hous e then s[...]35 was
abandoned, and all its territory was added to District. No. 55.
Mrs. Ethel J. Beauchamp was now[...]rintendent.
County Superintendents previous to Mrs. McKeever were Lois
H. Quinn and Ida K[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (123)[...]ding, one purchased by them in Jordan. The moving to
be paid for by District no. 55.
The school Board refused to recognize it as a school or
pay the teache[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (124)[...]me there were five schools in this comm-
unity. To the Northwest the Tihista school, which was along[...]the early days. The county Sup-
erintendent came to visit the school in the spring and fall. One
tri[...]from under her car.
Dr. Farrand was called to a home near the Haxby Store and
found a very sic[...]ate
operation. Another time a man rode horseback to the Lismas Ferry
and than to Glasgow for Dr. Smith, who came to Lismas by car,
but had to walk across the ice and then rode fourteen miles to
the home and he also performed a delicate operat[...]e, by
horse-back or with four-horse sleigh loads, to a dance they would
go. They arrived at the place where the dance was to be before
dark. All had supper and then danced al[...]e time the_World Famous Globe Trotters, on trying
to get to Glasgow from Miles City were stuck and broke down[...]te and tloolie
Edwards found them and helped them to the Edwards.ranch and there[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (125)[...]snake on her shin. With the Model T she was taken to Jordli!\
but by then the poison was all through h[...]on and Pointer children. Some of
the teachers, up to the time it was closed in 1936, were: Mary Pointe[...]ome
of the teachers who taught in this school, up to the time it closed in 1937, were:
Florence Harley[...]er at the Haxby school was Harold B. Booth. Going to school
under his supervision was Bernice Boughton[...]oy.
School was held at the H~xby School uo to 1938. Then in 1943 it joined to
District 55.
In 1928 the Big Dry School wa[...]e sane
of the teachers that taught this school up to the time it was discontinued in
1934.
The Cat[...]. Land was donated
for the school by Wallace Cary to be reverted back to him when scho?l was
discontinued. The orig[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (126)[...]hool site was the Haxby
School. It was moved over to its present site in July of 1950.
This sc~ oo[...]and
Susan Thomas. The people who wi,rked hard to keep it going are the school board
members, Melvi[...]s started because it was too far for the children to go to the Cat Creek School.
The school was atte[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (127)[...]ier as the
first teacher. Those member a ppointed to the board were:
Chris Ved nes s, Mathilda[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (128)[...]el Maben (Frady) and Ethel
Thomas were the first to graduate from Jordan High School.
As time[...]rmitory for the students who did not have a
place to stay, While attending High School. It was the big[...]One of the men Teachers stayed at the Boys
Dorm" to keep the boys ip line. •rhe boys all took their[...]o a Matron and a Cook. The Dorm
was now next door to the Hi gh School. The first ye ar, 1936-37[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (129)[...]My sister Vira Serviss and brother Walter came to Montana
in 1913 and Clara (Maben) Vannoy eame early in 1914. ~hey went
to Moore, Montana as I had a sister and family livin[...]In 1913 Vira and Walter hired a land locater to bring them
to some surveyed claims in what is now Garfield Coun[...]unsurveyed land joining their homesteads. Wrote
how much they liked the country and thought it a good place to
locate. Kansas had been having drouth and dust storms for sev-
eral years. Decided to sell our farm and co~e to Montana .
My Father hired a box-car and lo[...]wagons, and let the horses graze and get in shape to travel.
Quite a number of Indians were camped n[...]Eva the other one. It took us eight or
nine days to make the trip to the homesteads. My brother carne
in March and h[...]rame shacks.
In the fall of 1914 I started to High School in Jordan.
There were ten or twelve[...]ust attended until Christmas. In 1915 I went back to Kansas
for my Junior year. That fall Jordan was[...]7. Ethel
Thomas and I were the class (two of us) to graduate from Jordan.
By that time there were fo[...]pupils and four teachers.
Had two rooms attached to the grade school and two rooms in a
separa[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (130)[...],John Earl Frady. He
too, crone from Kansas. Came to Garfield County (then Dawson
County) with Orval,[...]. In 1917 he was called for the Army. Before time to leave
he became ill with Typhoid Pneumonia was in[...]The school was opened in a ranch house
belonging to Beneckys. After two months the house was too cold.
The school was moved to the up-stairs of Frank Grants house.
School[...]Ear.I and I lived on his homestead until we moved to Hotch-
kiss, Colorado in 1930. Returned in fall o[...]1943. Orval and Earl ranched
together. Orval went to the army in fall of •43.
In 1949 Earl and Orval[...]March 1962. I still live on the
ranch real close to Orval and Joan.
I would never want to live any place except in Garfield
County.[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (131)[...]raminta Isabella Gibbs.
Five of his brothers came to Montana and when Jay was in the
sheep business, h[...]o business with Jay and in 1914 whe•
Jay wanted to go back to North Carolina he bought out his int•
erest.[...]fences at that time. The range was open and
free to all although certain boundaries were respected as be•
longing to a certain outfit. In the spring saddle horses wer[...]cattle,
cut them for ownership and took out those to be sold and trail-
ed them to the railroad at Miles City or Glasgow. Some cowbo[...]wn
as they went. These were shipped from Glendive to Chicago in
the fall. Range was free, until the ar[...]eibole. In 1915 ~y mother,
slater and myself came to Montana to visit my brother and other
relatives who were hom[...]sted that I should come
out here with her. I went to summer s~hool in Sidney, took
Teacher exam[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (132)[...]line in Garfield County so the reports were sent
to both, but all other matters were handled thru the[...]ith
windows all along the south wall, it was hard to heat with the
old pot bellied stove, when the wea[...]en we couldn't keep warm we moved the seats close to the
sto-Ye. One particularly wet, cold day in lat[...]and state inspector came. While I knew they were to
come, I didn't think they would brave the mud and[...]it was rather embarrassing. They were in a hurry to get
back to Jordan, so they looked at my schedule and didn't[...]ny miles, horseback or in wagons. One
couple used to bring their organ in a wagon. These People who
ca[...]d-
inary dances were introduced, that were native to the locality
or country from which they came.[...]ere was not a school near us and each year seemed to present
a situation all its own, so we tried anything that looked like
a way to get them to school. A couple of them were boarded at
homes th[...]was needed, so that the district would
have money to pay the teacher and one year a neighbor boarded
t[...]ce
courses and one boy rode seven miles horseback to school until
the snow got so deep he couldn't go any longer and we had to
send him to Jordan. High School was nearly the same with mov-[...]topped. They were
always good company with plenty to talk about except their
business.
Many things were tried to increase the family incomes.
At one time there we[...]al D~iry Day was start•d•
Inl923 we went over to the celebration. It was a lovely day,
but in the late afternoon a storm came up so we a1dn't attempt
to come home. Everything was mud. They tried to go on with a
dance, but the floor was cove[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (133)[...]Several doctors and nurses came from the East to home-
stead and anyone living near them was lucky[...]th pneumonia and Dr. McIntyre came and lived
here to be near him for four days. Otherwise people had toge
to Miles City or Glendive if they were able. There were
several deaths most likely some from not being able to get to a
doctor. There wasn't much surgery even if a doctor was avail~
able and some of our neighbors went to Rochester for such as
appendicitis, gall stones o[...]and when a man was bat-
ching, his place was open to anyone who happened along. They
were welcome to help themselves to whatever they needed. One
day Roy drove into the yard. A stranger came to the door and
said "Take care of your horses and c[...]e was a guest in his own home.
When Roy came to Montana, Miles City was the trading center
for th[...]after proving up and the depression, people began
to leave ana pos~ offices were discontinued, when th[...]used. When this happened it was necessary for us to
change our address so in all since Roy has been h[...]ve
been ten addresses A mail route thru Hedstroms to Jordan was
once used. Postoffices at which we got[...]lectricity and telephones. We who were accustomed to do things
the harder way are truly appreciative.[...]hought that they may have
contributed even a mite to its growth.
Roy Gibbs 1 5oth Weddi[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (134)[...]of bed bugs. The first two we eks the pupils had
to remove the sparrows and their nests and she got rid of the
bed bugs. The county Superintendent came to vist while they had
the bed bugs, she really enjo[...]ldren came on horseback and brought their
lunches to school. Sometimes three or four pupils would ride[...]reek and taught the Big Dry School. Later she
had to drive eighteen miles to school. She had the only car and
would take the s[...]d fourteen blow-outs before they got
the 25 miles to town.
Later Mrs. Alice Clark taught at the F[...]the Phelps. Many was the time that Mrs. Clark
had toto Roger Fogle by[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (135)[...]ry with rocks. Nature covered my floors with wall to
wall moss carpeting. I had chor~s to do, and the most hated one
was pulling cockleburs[...]ed Ozark grade and high school, walking 2½ miles to
and from. My parents felt t hat legs were made fo[...]a year with my sister at Tyro, Kansas and I went to
school there too. There was a glass plant at Tyro and I watched
the men blow glass. To day they blow it electrically.
I taught two[...]s of many of the hills,
and a coon hunt was music to your ears. A running, baying hound
is like no other sound.
When I first went to Ava, Missouri, I asked a native how
far it was to Ava? He replied, nTwo sees and a goby." I put him[...]glimpsed a village in the distance.
Soon I crune to a sign that read, "Ava two miles." I mentally
took off my hat to a man who measures distance not in miles but
in "[...]year at Garden City, Kansas, then in 1913 drifted
to San Diego, California where in 1914 I married R.H. Huston
whom I had known in Kansas. In 1914 we crune to Nontana as my Nr.
had assured me he never wou ld[...]ol's day, t wo of the older boys wanted so b adly to fo~l me_ and
tried so hara , tha t I decided I wo[...]in
my old e st girl pup il that I woul d a sk her to take my desk when I
would s ay, "I do not feel we ll." I went to the teacherag e. After
10 minutes or so, I c ame to t he door b e tween the teacherage and 11
t he school room and s ai d , "Oh, my heart and slumped to t be floor.
She ran to me while the other pupils s a t stunned. She l as[...]hey ca ught on. Bu t it taught me a lesson
never to stun youngsters wi t h fri ght. One of t h[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (136)[...]1''.icKeever, the County Superintendent
sent me to Purewater , Dis t. 16, to g r ade and teach the school.
I had 26 yovngste[...]for me . These patrons would put most pa tr cns to s ha...'11.e .
One day in the History c[...]r, I c ould no t, by
questi oning get the pupils to answer why Washington went 9 miles
up the Delaware to cross and then march 9 miles b a c k on _ the
other side to c apture the Hessian soldiers at Trenton . I had[...]t a note from one of the mothers ,
asking me not to t eac h her c hildren to dunc e . She wa s f rom a
mi ssionary f mni ly w[...]e pupils and I made an agreemen t; t hey
were not to whis p er bec aus e it bo thered their neighbor ; on .b,ri-
day afternonn a t Art time I wo ul d allow them to work and t alk
together. From that school on I n[...]I st arte d schoo l.
Pupils could move f ree ly to get l ibrary books , sharpen pencils,
do board w[...]hey whis p ered twic e . In 20 terms 1 never had to
punish but one child for whispering . Little folks were al lowed
t wo weeks to ge t u se d to things before the rule applie d to
them . In 1927 I st ayed at home and took School[...]on<lence.
I n 1928 I signed a contr a ct to teach Swanser school , Dist .
12, on what is now[...]. 11
Besides teaching 22 youn gsters , I to ok Educati onal Psychol -
ogy and Princir les of[...]af ter
schoo 1 , t hen s up pered' and went to bed while I studied . ,~hen I
took my te s t in P[...]ion was , "In
wha t way is civilizati on inimical to health'?" At that time I
had never he ard[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (137)[...]ot my first. I fina lly lard down a law
of my o~n to he r . I n ev er saw a school bo a rd that I didn[...]e I wa s off e red fiv e doll a rs more per month to
teach Spring Creek scho ol, but I had signe d to te ac h Free dom and
I woul d not, and ne ver di d break a con tra ct.
I moved to Jordan i n t he fall of 193 2 and s ent 2 of my
c hildren to high school and one t o gr ade school. In t he s pring
of 1 933, I signed a contract to te a ch a summe r school a t Lone
Star, Dist.36.[...]y. The fo urth s ummer t hey grudgingly raised me to qp70.oo.
The school ch ildren a nd I dug a cellar[...]Delpha
Brown, the County Superintendan t, sent me to Lismas, Dist. 54
to see if the young sters coul d run me out as t hey[...]e d school fo r 2 hours
wh ile I playe d mid-wife to a nei ghbor's cow. J:iadam neighbor c ame
for h e[...]. 1, 1944 & 1945.
$185 monthly lure d me to Ros s school, Di s t 52. This wa s the
h ighest r[...]e t hi rd
grader. We had time t o d o J us t i ce to subjec ts . 'r he young sters
were smar t and wor[...]n t
in some que ~, t ions in t he s pring of 1947 to t he Cali z ld.ds,- F~u~
ye a rs l a ter t h e y[...]l lar. I n eve r l i ve d out of tin
cans and had to have a p l ac e to ke ep v e ~e t able s . Thi s s chool
and I put on fo lk dances for pl ay day i n Jo r dan .
I went to Fou r Co r ners , Dist. 12 and t aught t hr ee te[...]e
cei ling . I n t he fall of 1953 I went b a ck to Four Corners . The[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (138)[...]e old Sand
Springs store . 'ri-ien it >Ta s moved to i t s present loca t i on . 'l'he[...], piped up and s a i c ; 11 She raises it t o go to t he bat h -
room. 11 So you s e e I le a[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (139)[...]by Vivienne (Nault) Schrank
I hesitated to even try to write about school happenings at
Jordan since I am NOT the early pioneer, not starting to school,
myself', until 1916 plus the fact that my[...]so much good story material on it.
So, I 1 11 try to write my version and what I leave out maybe some-
one else will remember to fill in. Also, maybe I can even supply
something[...]the same story would be different in my eyes from how the others
saw it, so maybe I can add something to posterity, afterall.
I did not attend a country school but started to school in
Jordan and went all the way through gra[...]term and 1926-1927 term. This course was offered to any
student in High School of Junior or Senior ye[...]average
of 80 per cent or above from Freshman up to the beginning of his
Junior year. Then we could take this course in addition to our
regular high school studies and the lucky ones to be able to take
it and did were: Joe Murphy, Phillip Fellman[...]l, we got our
added Normal Training Certifi c ate to teach along with our other
Diploma. But I 1 ve go[...]out by us but not very close so my
folks decided to send me into Jordan to go to school. I had
Frances and Sandy Anderson (sister and bother) who were neighbors,
to go with me and we walked. After walking around coulees and
buttes, the distance added up to more like 4 miles instead of 3½
miles for me or 8 miles round trip per day to attend School and
for the Anderson children who l[...].
A new building was just finished so~ got to start to school
in the new building that served both gra[...]en
moved away so Dad got me a horse named Shortle to ride. This
would have been five except I had to picket my horse a lttle ways
from school to graze on grass. At noon hour I'd take my l[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (140)[...]g home a gain, chang e d h is p lace of
p; razing to fresh new grass and it worked out fj_ne until som[...]. I told my folks so
t he y arran ,~e d for me to pay Mr. Hash at the livery stable to keep
him there. It was extra tro ub le as t[...]dlre ction, making me g o beyond the school house to the
NW " then I'd have to walk back to the school h ous e~ at night
I'd have to s o NW to g et my ho~se and then ride back on him p ast
the[...]and on t o the homestead so when it was deci d ed
to have a man by the name of Whitlock r~ rive a ri g[...]e d school for six months and we were always
late to school. Mr. Whitlock would j us t loaf along and[...]walking as we woul d have started
sooner and g ot to school on time, I mean. In the winter we went
in[...]would get ou t of the slei gh and walk behind it to warm our feet
and then Mr. Whitlock woul d whip his mu les to r un and we'd have
to r un like heck to catch up and he'd just lau g h a n d laugh. Of
c[...]o tired out and just stopped he'd slow up for
u s to catch up or even stop for us, then.

Before my third grade term :Milton's folks left for Miles
City to live, Milton leaving with them. He wa s about[...]rial for closing out the
cold wind and izeng lass to look out through. I spelled 11 isen
gl a ss"[...]d timers will lmow what I mean and it wasn't easy
to see throug h at all. I can't remember whether we had covered
hot bricks to put our feet on to kee ~1 warm or not. ~fo must have
as I don't r[...]e bus or what-
ever it wa s. We sti 11 didn't get to school on time - so my folks
decided to move to Jordan for my t h ird g rade in school. Seems
lik[...]m.
She was very strict and nothing we d id seemed to ~lease her so I
was most s u rprised when after b[...]At least I thought so and worked
like everything to get it all. She passed me into the 5th at
the[...]o g rades in one t c mn. '£ hen next term I went
to another room with Esthe r La nsen(Crull)as my teacher for my
5th and 6th g rades. From there I went to Junior High School in
the Hi g h School se[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (141)[...]out at the Freedom
rural school where I went back to teach, just a month after I
graduated. This schoo[...]of
Jordan. It was a school with all eight grades to teach and were
children of the Phelps, Uthaugs, W[...]onald and Mary Mac-
Donald(Garber) who comes back to Jordan often with her husband,
Dave to visit. Then Ray Smith is another, still around Jo[...]story with listed names of
those in the pictures to refresh your memories on some of them.[...]na.
1st row:(l to r)-Joe Murphy, Coy[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (142)[...]Fern Aelrl.segger Chubb
Fern Aemisegger came to the Lismas area in 1926 trom Plains, Monta[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (143)[...]She was · born in Park River, N. Dakota came to Glasgow,Mont.
where her_parents settled on their[...]l ~ high school
in Glasgow. All 12 years she rode to school in a canvas covered
horse drawn school bus[...]She boarded with the Al Thomas family and walked to school,
when she taught at Lismas in 1928 & 29. T[...]rces of
recreation. People came from miles around to attend a dance, even
in bitterly cold weather and[...]The Missouri river was often a source of worry to the ranch-
ers and their families because of the danger in having to cross
it, when the ice was still thin or during t[...]ce Gamas and later John Ferguson, was a necessity to travel
north and south of the Missouri river, in[...]the
coming of Fort Peck Dam.
She was married to Donald Bradstreets in June, 1935. That
year she t[...]letion of work at Fort Peck the Bradstreets moved to a farm,
they bought 6 miles south of Huntley wher[...]ier and pleasanter with the
coming of electricity to the Pryor Creek Valley by REA in 1946.
Durin[...]hers homes. The McClain & Bradstre e t s belo~ged to th~
school PTA and the women folk belonged to a Home Ve~onstration
club for ten years which was a pleasure and a benefit to home-
/ 4Y
Garfield County: The Golden Years (144)makers. For 4 or 5 years the frunilies belonged to a square
dance club.
We felt very fortunate in finding a farm so close to a
large city like Billings {11 miles) and 6 miles[...]dian at the Yellowstone Courthouse, just previous to
his retirement.
Beverly Bradstreet i[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (145)[...]the winter of 1933-34 that plans were being made to con-
struct Fort Peck Dam, I believe. I lived wit[...]b3 the waters of the
new lake. The Thomas~s went to Idaho. I visited with them in
the summer of 1938.[...]climbed back
in auto and sat down without looking to see about the car seat
and it was missing.
E[...]r for summer use. It made all that nice ice water
to drink on warm days. Also it was used for cooking.
Few trips were made to town for supplies. Muc~ ~ood was canned
and much[...]Deal and walk-
ed by light of flashlight one mile to Square Deal, substituting
those few weeks when re[...]n grain farming didn't pay off too
well we turned to egg production, we raise the barley that is fed
to th~ hens and to a bunch of hoga.
With the help of our two[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (146)[...](Nelson) Turner
In Novem~:Jer, 1919 I came to Garfield County with my
parents, Billy and Icamay[...]ng the Big Dry for about five years before moving to a
home near the Missouri River. All this land is[...]addle horses and for work horses. Fern and I
used to like to watch this tedious process. We oft en watched the[...]and rode horse-
back around home. Fern and I got to ride plenty, just ri ding to
school, which was seven miles away.
I often wonder how this fast moving world would react if
taken back to the days of fifty years ago. We had limited mail[...]ve. Fern, about two years old, and I
were walking to the garden where mother was working. We had to
walk past some work horses. Fern pulled one's tai[...]He very promptly kicked her in the face. She fell to the
ground with a bad wound. I ran and told mother that she was dead.
MMther ran to her and my father got a team ready to take Fern to
the Doctor. They crossed the Dry to a neighbors home. They took
Mother and Fern in th[...]on an old Cable Ferry before they could drive on to Glasgow.
I complete d my elementary schooli[...]the old N-N a few miles away,
sometimes referred to as the "Hog Ranch."
My next school was near[...]here that my pupils gave me the "Whooping Cough",
to take home for the summer. This was my largest rural school.
. I came back to Garfield County and taught one term at the[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (147) In 1946 I was marr ied to Arthur Turner who lived near Wolf
Point, Montana.[...]dren were in school I started teaching
again, due to the teacher shortage at the Sheldon School[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (148)[...]s during World War II when
you could get a permit to teach with one quarter of concentrated
teacher's training. I certainly wasn't very well qualified
to teach. I felt very i nept about many things. I di[...]ticular Monday they'd
brought a wild goose for me to cook. I filled the kerosene
stove (my first exper[...]er at recess (teacherage was a
separate building) to see how the goose was doing. When I
opened the door a clo[...]he face. When
the smoke had cleared enough for me to find my way to the oven
I found the problem. The burners were turned a little too
h igh, thus causing them to smoke. Needless to say, everything
in the teacherage was covered wit[...]e Rock School-
house. There was only enough money to run the school for six
mon ths.
I then went to Purewater and finished the school there.
I taught[...]ed for te achers during the war that I went back to teaching.
I f i nished a term at the Black[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (149)[...]had enough education. 11 When
someone says thi s to you, your first reaction is "Oh! No.""I
couldn I[...]arn
you can grade school work can't you?" This is how teachi ng for
me began. "Ohl yes. 11 I learned.[...]er. In
this way it was far better for a greenhorn to step in and take
over, then to start without any assistance . I learned much the
first year and have tried to put my experiences to work for me .
At the Black.foot School, I w[...]nt because of lack of facilities and were willing to lend a
helping hand whenever possible.
The[...]There were three weeks in the spring that I had to ride a
tractor the t v~o miles to school because of the mud. Now I had
never driven[...]way with a tractor and wagon. The children tried to arrive at
school ahead of me to see the teacher come over the hill on the
tractor[...]who did the work assigned . This made
it possible to do extra curricular activi ties. When the weather
was too bad to play out doors the children learn to tumble. They
were all very good. When the weather made it permissable to travel
the Sheldon School visited us one Friday a month during Art Period
to tumble with us . The children worked hard , worki[...]from there. In mo st
cases these experiences lead to constructive deeds.[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (150)We know the energy of a child and we should try to put it to good
use.
The Green Ridge School was hel[...]isaster. My daughter, Linda and I were on our way to
school in a Jeep, which was the only thing we could get to school
with during the muddy season. We came over[...]location of the school house.
We both knew it had to be the school. Everything was lost includ-
ing pe[...]as a very comfortable little school. We were able to borrow
books, desks, and other equipment from nei[...]il 1962 as Ryans and Shawvers took their children to Blackfoot
School which was over ten miles. Here a[...]me
times very bad. Several weeks it was necessary to take a tractor
to get to school. We had a new Wagner tractor I initiated. Here
I learned about RPM and many other things pertinent to tractor
driving. On a cool still day you could he[...]for
miles. I met John Ryan on the top of the hill to pick up the Ryan
children. Sometimes I picked up[...]he Pine Gove School in 1969, Marion Gregg and had to quit
b e cause of illness. I substituted until January 17th at which time
it was understood that I had to quit. We had planned a tour ot
Old Mexico with th[...]-I was away.
Nelene taught one month. I returned to Pine Gove School Feb. 17.
We've been busy[...]trips planned :for warmer weather.
I love to teach school. It gives me a thrill to see the light
in a child's eye when he understands what he is surposed to learn.
If I :fail it isn't because I don't try. W[...]else
we can give our children beside an education to prepare them to
go out into the world and coupe with life. The importance of educ-
at i on should be stressed to every child.
The reas on I do not make teaching my professlon·is it is
i mpossible for me to get back to summer school every'year. I do
t r y t.o k[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (151)[...]schools in Garfield County. When I
first started to teach, in many places they didn't even have
a teacherage to live in. I just moved my bed into the school
roo[...]common as they are now, so I had a saddle
horse to ride, and when the weather was good, I would ride[...]in the
morning, because I didn't especially like to stay along at night.
The buildings were un[...]me the stoves
were worn out, and it was a problem to make them burn.
I can remember about midnight on[...]loor. I quickly gathered them before they started to
burn and everything was well.
It was quite an effort to chop enough wood and carry coal to keep
the building warm. This had to be done each evening and the ashes
had also to be empied so the stove would have draft to burn.
The buildings were lighted by a keros[...]ly stayed in the attic because they didn 1 t
want to be disturbed.
The water supply was also a b[...]n use.
The children often had several miles to come to school. Some
came on horseback, others walked. The first school I taught was
on Langs Fort near to the Big Dry. The Schlenker children had a
buggy drawn by one horse which they came to school in. Eddie was
very proud to be the driver.
All these things I 1 ve told[...]st as much as they do now, because they were
used to it, and they didn 1 t expect anything better. Today child-
ren would feel abused if they had to walk or ride to school,
especially in the winter.
The books that[...]idn't
have the bri ght covers and pretty pictures to look at that they
have today. If they said they w[...]had any play-ground equip-
me~t. The children had to plan their own fun and they seemed to
enJoy it just as much as the chil rl ren do today when they have so
much more to work with.
In later years fuel burrui..ng s[...]es and electric li ght s. l'his has added much to the ecntort of
IS-8'
Garfield County: The Golden Years (152)[...]s something quite diff erent than I had been used to.
After thirty-six years of teaching in abou t 3/4 of all the
schools in Garfield county I have to say that I enjoye d it, and
I ho pe that Garfield County will still continue to make better
their rural schools in order to make them a more desirable place
f or both[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (153)[...]n Garfield County
Mrs. Lawrence Swanser, May to all her friends, was born May
6,1895, in Britt, I[...]girls were born in Iowa and than they moved back
to Illinois, where we lived until the pioneering spirit took the
family to North Dakota in 1903, where they farmed in the Re[...]om high school in 1914. In August of 1914 I crune
to Glendive and took teachers exams. and than on to western
Dawson Oounty where my f0lks had taken a[...]me planning on a short vacation. When I was asked to fin-
ish another summer term for the last month a[...]e with Rev. Landis officiatining ·and moved back to North Dak-
ota to live where I made my home at several different places,
moving back to Montana in 1928. I worked in Jordan at various jo[...]y 1932, when I married
Lawrence Swanser and moved to the ranch at Brusett,where we lived
until[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (154)[...]3
years old, my parents, baby sister, and I moved to a ranch south
of Angela.
There is where I[...]ow. She
noticed I was on my hands and knees going to the barn. Occasion-
ally I would glance over my s[...]first day I heard a car go by so naturally I went
to the window to see 'WlO it was. The teacher told me to come back
to my seat, that we weren't permitted to do that. I was crushed!
To be nearer school we bought out and moved to the Angela store.
One day Gypsies came. Mo[...]dintlry "Indian". She tried
her best in every way to get behind
the counter but Mother was valiant!
Wh[...]well that another
time they came and parked close to
our back door Carol and I broke the Carol Mi[...]Lois Mickelson-- Taken when
through and ran over to the neigh- th
bor I Then Mot her and Dad t[...]ifth grade in September, when in
October we moved to another store at De!phia. There weren't any
fifth graders so the teacher skipped me to the sixth grade.
The :first experience wit[...]econd year in
college. I surpres s ed my emotions to the breaking point this day
as I dashed into a small room used for various things to cry it
out, thinking I'd be alone. I collided wit[...]North Central Bible College I
was asked by a lady to drive her to California. I took finger-
printing, classifying[...]er not without my having seen the man who
attempt to hold-up Mr. Ballard. Later he was shot for refusing
to surrender the money.[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (155)[...]money on the
counter (after my robber had exposed to me his 32 blue steel
automaticf). This 11 shook 1[...]his hands he grabbed the bills up and dashed out to
where the first bandit was brandishing his gun. T[...]'t until the bandit
had left that I looked around to see Mr. Ballard just as he fell
over the counter.[...]he rigidity following
extreme fright. I wa•ited to call the police but I could neither
open my eyes[...]so I
came home with every intention of returning to California .
Shortly after arr iving home we had[...]e weeks I got another letter from her pressing
me to apply for nurses aid. "Well~ I wouldn't be going[...]broached about the hospital work so
we went over to see Esther Koth, the Superintendent . I still
wanted to return with my sister to California, but r told Esther
I woul d let her kn[...]a year . I was always happy l did . Later I went to
California and took a Practical Nursing Course, but I was so
anxious to get back to Jordan I didn't wait 30 days to take State
Boards! It has always been rewarding to work at the hospital in
Jordan and I would like to say Dr. B.c. Farrand is unique . I
deeply[...]y friends asked me what credits I needed in
order to teach their school . I checked with Pern Schillreff , the
Superintendent of &chools. I was able to obtain an anergency
Permit . I start ed teachin[...]s , he had
developed a habit of dropping his head to the book to read . His
Mother and I were attempting to break this . Una day he was in his
customary position . I said , "Sit up, Thomas, do you want to look

' ' 'L

Garfield County: The Golden Years (156)[...]mark?" 11 No 11 , he stated p,romptly, '' I want to
look like an exciting (exclamation) mark! 1[...]thers.
In September of 1 66 I was married to a very fine man from
Brockway, a farmer. He[...]ot of teasing. One day
shortly after they came to school Jerry was giving Carla a bad
time for n[...]ove?"
My pupils have all become very dear to me and I do consider
teaching a privelege and a challenge.

L. to R. Mr. & Mrs. Harley Farra
(Gladys Hilton[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (157)[...]mind while attend-
ing grade school that I wanted to be a teacher. As soon as I graduated from
High Sc[...]alary of $85.00 per
month. The next year we began to feel the effects of the Depression.
Salaries in McKenzie County, North Dakota dropped to $45.00 per month. The
teachers were paid with reg[...]rural teachers had dropped from
$100 . per month to $50. per month. After hearing that salaries were higher
farther west, a friend of mine and I decided to send our applications for
teaching positions to the County Superintendent of schools at •tiles City,
Montana. My application was given to th€ Clerk of Schools in District 18
of Garfield[...]g Tree Coulee school,
t eache r s were v r y hard to et, so I began t eaching again. Mrs. }iabel[...]estin experit r. ce is that of hav i ng been able to btgin teaching b€. f or e
the DEpression began and to continue teachin , on thr ough the Depr ession
Jear s . To expe r ience the fall and the slm,, rise i[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (158)[...]Janet P. Rich

I came to Montana in the ear·ly sumrne.r of 19l3 , s h ort[...]atter-'s right" on Mon ta r.a land which was s oo to
be opened for homest e ad filirig , had as l.ed me to come ar.d live
in his log cabin, whil e he l eft for the summer to earn t he
money r.ecessary for the reouired fer,[...]ad ing this land . Late in the u:nm r,
I decided to teach a short t erm of s ch ool that fall . At tha t
time ~any sch ool dis tricts had t r. ese short terms to acco !ITlOdate
the pa re n ts a nd c h i ldren .[...]r terms ,
which enabled t he younge r child re n to attend more regularly ,
on account of bet ter we[...]tio ··,s . If th e pa trons lived
fairly close to the school , and t he re we re lar .er chil dren to
acrompany the smaller ones, win ter t rms of school were chosen .
In order to teach in . ionta na , it would be .ecessary for me
to attend "Teacher's Institue ", and ahe a req uired[...]n ta na .
Late in August I rode horseback to Lewistown to do this,
as that town was ne ar €: r to the c J aim than Gler.d i ve, ich was
at that time our co unty seat . I ha d also ridden d own to the
cla im from Lewi s town, and was not fa mili a r with t he trails
(if there were any then) to Glendive t
Aft6r passin g the examination[...]l . The O ms t ead s,
who had t o move in ord e r to pu t th ei r c h i ld r en ir t his schoo ,
moved back to their ho me ste a ds , I bel ev e , aft e r s c hool was ou t .
This log sc hoolhouse was -.ovfld to the Eill pl c , wh er I
tau~ht during the wint e[...]t·rm e d d at hr j s s, wh en I r t ur n d to South
Dahota , graduated from co le g e ,[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (159) After returning to Montana, I taught the Benzien School,
then located on land which r.ow bel ongs to Sam Pollard. Attend -
ing at that time were the B[...]itting righ t a nd le ft with my club ~s I went . To my dismay ,
I couldn't seem to hi t straigh t. There was a c rook in the far
end[...]!1it tin g at them and mad e a path -
way through to the little children . Then, guiding them in front[...]ding the weapor in an arc bef ore them, I managed
to get the~ thr ough the crawlir.g mess ar.d d own to the school-
house . It was one of those hi ber na[...]chool, where I had three pup ils.
We moved to Mel sto r e , whEre I taught in the high school fo r
several years. Some time after retur ~ing to the ranch , I
taught in the Cohagen High S[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (160)[...]born October 31, 1905 in Southern Russia and came to
U.S. in December , 1910 at age 5 to Turtle Lake, North Dakota with
the parents and[...]ed for wages.
In October, 1913 we moved to Montana t o homst ead , then Daw-
son County. W[...]The horses that were brought along were all u sed to pul l the
wagon. They had to make several trips back to Terry , before all
the other thing s were on th[...]ls and wagon, mach-
inery and so forth all came to Terry by Emigrant train , the
owners had to ride with the train, and take care of the s tock on
sto ps. Women and children rode on passenger train to Te rry.
The first houses were not big, m[...]round roof on, as years went by, there was a lean to adde d on
one side , then on the other, and the[...]along
p retty g ood. I was the oldest, so I had to do a l ot of household
chores and keep watch on[...]the Flu
e pidemic. After tha t my Father learned to bake bread . e also
got our first school started[...]Mother c ould not speak English, so she taught me to read and
write in German . My writing is mostly[...]an with 6 children.
There we re a lot of children to play games with on Swdays .
Anyhow the ?urewat cr school had to be enlarged to take care of
the school children , the enrollement got past the 20 mark and
close to JO. I got all my schooling there . I stayed with[...]he farm until I was 21 years of a-e , then I
went to farm for myself . I am still on this farm , 42 years now .
I n January 13, 1929 I got married to Fathilda l asz , we
raised 4 girls and 1 boy , th[...]ngs sure have changed since I came here , we used to make
the trip to Miles City with the wagon, 4 and 6 horse teams ,[...]irst 1'o stoffice , we had t o g o about
10 miles to get our mail. There was also a st l' re c1[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (161)[...]stoffice for a
short time. Then it was taken over to John F . Schlepp s p lace and
run for a few more[...]k Springs, but we had Route service,
Rock Springs to Van .r orman.
Edwin Wisthoff was mail carrier for many years, he also
hauled passengers to and from Miles City on his route . After he
lost[...]ther for a few years until he re-
tired and moved to Miles City .
When the Combines came into being t he Header and ~inder and
the Threshing machine had to take the back seat . Just like the
tractor replac[...]nty Superintendent . Our School District is going to be desolv-
ed into other ano ther district the 1s[...]then I will
turn in my rec ord books and pa p ers to Fern 3chillreff 1 s office .[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (162)[...]1926 when I was nine years old ,
my .folks moved to Bro adus, Montana. Here t hey lived until[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (163)[...]h before it was
completed. Girls in front row, L. to R. Mary Rafla, !tu.th Ullrich, Anna
Hafla, Esther[...]ki. Boys not sure
o! names but Richard Ullrich is to the left of the lady with hat.
(sent by Gertrude Ullrich Schillreff)

L. to R.: Gertrude, Karl
Mrs. Ullrich holding
Freida.,[...]L. to R.: Esther,[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (164)[...]began a t the Rio Grande and foll owed
up north to the Canadian line, goes t hrough the U-All. From[...], across the Little Dry , foll-
owed the Big Dry to t he divide and then down to the r-,usselshell.
Up thls trail came h[...].: sting history . tit one tlme
i t ha~ from 225 to 250 sections of land , that is about 144 , 000
a[...]that at one time, about
1917, there was a family to every section . The Tree Coulee school
had from twenty-five to thirty pupil s at that time . It has
decreased in[...]ads have been found around
this rock . It is easy to imagine the Indi1U1s hiding in the hollows
on top[...]when Missouri wa s rather settled up he moved on to Texas .
Bt 1879 when Te:xas had become fairly tame, he and hi s brother packed and
headed for Mo~tana to hunt buffalo. After a time they acquired such a l[...]c~mped was nicknamed "You All" , later shortened to U->.11. The
,[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (165)[...]es on their land, when
they proved up, amounting to 1 or two thousand dollars. They
bought cattle, o[...]year per acre for oil
leases on some of the land to 1963; but believe they have no
oil leases now. Some of the test wells were drilled down to
seven thousand feet with no oil reported.
From 1920 to 1930 there were hard years for the homesteaders .[...]any,
so they lost them for want of feed. Many had to leave their
homesteads and go to somewhe re they could get work to feed
their families.
There was no money to pay mortgages 01 their land so even
companies for[...]e copper mine at Butte, Montana; othera went back
to Iowa or other states. A few were able to keep their land
after they left it . Some were able to lease to stoc en fer
enough to pay taxes.
By 1930 many of the homesteads[...]d banks we r e bro e .
The county sold tax titles to land they had taken to ranch rs
and men who bought the land for the oil rights. This land was
sold for from fifty cents to one dollar and fifty cents per
acre. Some was sold on five year payments. The few who re
able to keep their land we r e able to lease to oil companies,
part of the time for one dollar pe[...]d ranchers graze it in summer and taKe cattle out
to feed in winter. A few of the homsteadera or their heirs
own their land after fifty years and lease it to the stockmen
for graz1ng .[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (166)[...]es on their land , when
they proved up, amounting to 1 or two thous and dollars . They
bought cattle,[...]ea r per acre for oil
leases on some of the land to 196 3; b ut believe they have no
oil leases now. Some of the te st wells were drilled down to
seven thousand feet with no oil re ported .
From 1920 to 1930 there wer e ha rd years for the homesteaders[...],
so they lost them for wa nt o f feed. Ma ny had to leave their
homesteads and g o to somewhe r e t h ey could get work to feed
their families.
There wa s no mone y[...]r mi ne a t Butte , Montana ; other• went back
to IQwa or other stat es . A f e w were able to keep their land
after they left i t. Some were a ble to lease to stoc en fer
enough to pay taxe s.
By 1930 ma ny o f t he h omes[...]banks we r e broke .
The county sold tax title s to land they bad taken to ranchers
and men who b ou ght the land for the oil rights . This land was
sold for f r om fi fty c e nt s to one dollar and fifty cents per
acre. Some was sol[...]e year payments . The few who re
able to k eep their lan d wer e able to lease to oil companies,
part of t he t ime for one dollar[...]own the i r land after t'ifty years and lease it to the stoclcmen
for g ra zing .[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (167)[...]s of
homesteading in Garfield County: It is going to be hard for me
writing much of any history, of th[...]ed across the plains; I got off
at Ingomar . Went to hotel, and after noon lunch I went out on
a drive with a man that claimed to be a locater or gu.iae for the
people wanting to file on a homestead.
As he drove out on the[...]nted out McGinnis
Butte. I t~ld him that I wanted to go to Henry Haydens' He
said Hayden lived west of McGin[...]it this butte. It'll give any person the leg ache to
climb it. April 2nd in 1914 I started out on foot[...]ottlett filled with just plain water;
When I came to a furrow so many miles (20 or 22) then N.W.
past[...]and Willis DaTls homesteads. They could direct me to
the Hayden home, some ore buttes to climb; and it wasn't sundown
yet.
W. H. Hay[...]cett Co. in Billi•n gs,
Montana. It was shipped to Hysham, Mont.; down on the Yellow•
stone river, east of Billings. We went 60 miles to get this
machine. We started threshing, south wes[...]re few and far apart. Some families
left and went to other places to school their children. We left
in November[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (168)[...]1, 1911 ,
Willis Davis and George w. Johnson came to what was known
as Dawson County, is now Garfield[...]nd
proceeded north about 25 miles. It took 3 days to make thi1
trip . As related by George Johnson, no[...]14-
range 34, they set busy getting a place built to liTe in and
laying provisions in for winter.
Willis tells of his family coming to Montana later that
fall. His wifes' name being Ne[...]n Harold,
at age of 6 years old. Nellie was ready to turn around and
go back as she was eastern, Iowa born and this was quite a
contrast. However Willis had to leave Iowa because of hi•
heal th. There he was subject to pneumonia; caused by the damp
climate and Montana[...]May of 1905. Schooling
was very much of a problem to all. Harold attended school•
in rural and SW1at[...]e attended Normal in Dillon, Montana and returned
to teach one term at Anad, District# 49 and a couple[...]farm & ranch will be remembered by all
travelers to and from Sandsprings to Sumatra as a plac e to
stop, water horses, eat & sleep; and upon many oc[...]a time. Rains always brought many stranded people to
stay as the "gumbo" south was impossible. We coul[...]ithout stockings away fro the
home, and in trying to keep cool and coafortable, as the
summers were ho[...]rig" would appear on the
horizon notner would run to put her stockings on: practically
wearing them ou[...]accommodate tourists} because someone had beat us to our beds.
I am attempting to bring in data, events of things that
I really don[...]other Nellie M. Davis as teacher. I was toe young to be
enrolled as a pupil but no baby sitter so she and I walked to
school just one mile east of homestead hou[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (169)[...]personal
items, in the fall of 1928 and we moved to Jordan, Montana
where he was doing county road wo[...]High School in 1955 and 1963 respectfully.
To date we have a son in law and 3 grandchildren. Fa[...]g from Eastern Montana College in June
and hoping to make a career in t eaching business and Physical[...]Jim Viall in c l assificat!on office,
from there to Assessors office working for Frances Hunter;
whil[...]or advancment by a
request from Cornelia Harbaugh to serve as Deputy Treasurer:
in 1967 I was elected[...]of writing and with good autl ~onest
duties hope to hold till March 2, 1971 .
Speaking f[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (170)[...]on.
When I went to find my homestead,
I[...]eam of horses hitched
to a wa gon . My first post office addres[...]asn't any school
near to my homestead until three or four[...]t that l ef t Moore, ~ontana , on
June 20 or 21, to look fot• homes te ads with teams and wa gons.[...]Nillow seven or ei ght m les above
Mos by, we had to ford the Musselshell seven times and Flat
Willow[...]five feet deep.
Then after we left Mos by to go to Sand Sprir,gs, we trav lled
all day without findin g Sand Springs and made ca ~p that night .
Come to find out we were a mile and a half from Sand S ri[...]avelled for six or seven more days huntin a
place to file on. Be f ore we go t back to Lewis town, ~on t!l a , on
the 2nd of July, 1917 to file on our homes t ads . I fl led on
mi n e. Tow[...]six weeks
g,ett i ng out the logs and building . To build our ho uses, w
ha d to g o 30 or 35 miles to Sumatra to ~et lumber for th roof
an d floors .
It w[...]ot our shar ks finished, we ran out of something
to eat . We were able to get some sa~e hens a nd rabbits , then
the[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (171)[...]a sack of flour, so we made out 'til
we got back to where we could get some grub.
We had lost a[...]und 9:00 P. M. on Christmas Eve. You can
ima gine how we looked . We hadn't had a haircut or shave
since we left home.
I g ot a shave and h aircut and liked to froze before I
got back to the r anch on Trout Creek, eight miles from Moore[...]ometimes.
I nearly always drove four horses to the wagon, when I
made a trip. Many times when I[...]or five
men for every woman or g irl. Then we had to go from 8-20
miles by team or horseback to get to the dances.
There was a large outfit, that had lots of sheep and cattle.
They tried to run us homesteaders out. They had a bunch of
cattle that they would drive up to our fences at night, so
they would break i[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (172)[...]Hamilton, Montana
To start with, we both came to Montana in 1913 . Grac e
crune from South Da kota t o Re d Lodge , Montana as Grace Eloise
Hall, to work for her aunt a s a milliner. I came from I owa
to 25 miles nor th of Sumatra Montana, to the homestead country
to beeome a honyonker, that i s what they called a h[...]he saw us he brought her down and introduced her to us .
I have always ha d him to thank for that, but Grac e has alwaya
had him to blame. We talked for awhile and when we went on,
I saidA Johnson one of us will have to get that girl , and he
said, Oh, you a r e darn r[...]915 Grace quit her job in Red Lodge and
came home to live with her folks. She must haTe been a kind
of human magne t , f or something seemed to draw me oTer that
way, and my team a nd my s addle horse soon learned to bead
west when I took them out . !spent a lot of[...]ded, for that was
t h e ni ght t hat she asked me to marry her. (Grace say• t h1 a
is a lie. ) I couldn ' t imagine what would cause her to ask a
ques ti on like that , but she was nearly 2[...]like t h e old maid that was praying for the Lord to s end hr
a man , and an old hoot owl, said, "who-[...]Spri ng finall y came and one day I ran up to the house
and sa i d " Hell o Ma , " and boy she[...]you ever do that a gain. Well I knew I would hav to us
a differe nt approach, so once after that I went up to th
house Tery quietly and never said a word, just[...]e that a woman can •t
repeat , for s he did and how. I think that from that time on
she had a desire and a fear. She had a desire to kill me
a nd fear of De er Ledge . I never dared to tell her that the y
paid a bounty for shoo[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (173)[...]d they got a big kick out of it . So I told Grace to
~et on, but she said "oh no I don't trust you" an[...]sn't any snow at that time.
One day Grace told me to go oTer and tell the neighbor• to
come over for dinner. I went and they said they would come.
The neighbor and I got to playing cards and I stayed longer
than I intended to. When I left -he said, "Grace will giTe
you beck[...]n fire wasn't burning very good so Grace went out to
get some kindling. She put a small stick, one end[...]r eye. When the neifhbors
Cllllle she was a sight to behold . When he saw her said, My
Gd Bill, I didn[...]ld do it." Well that summer
s he asked me one day to get her some wood. We had some little
calTes runn[...]ean
end with the dirty side down and t ook it all to the house,
held the dirty stick out to Grace and said, "Just lift that
and see how heary it is." Well, of course, as I intended
she[...]as
te> good for me.
That fall we decided to go to Bridger Montana so we could
put the kids in town school. A short time before we left,
Grace started to go down in the basement and right at the
bottom s[...]a big snake all curled up and just
daring any one to come down, Grace said she didn 't think she
touc[...]but ahe thought she just flew . She
yelled at me to come and kill the snake . Maybe she thought
that snak would do what she had wanted to do all these years
and saTe her the trouble. But[...]rought it up out of the base-
ent there aeemed to be a kind ef a disappointed look on Graces•
fa[...]rms like a baby for a
long time. You can imagine how fast our money went. Well in
1929 we came to Anaconda eo I could get steady work,which[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (174)[...]st about everyone and his brother. Ther
was a lot to times we hardly knew where our next meal was
comi[...]ess than eight months. Maybe they were in a hurry
to get away from their old dumb dad. Yet I believe t[...]ny good. Then they fired
ae and they were ao glad to get rid of me th.at they have pa14
•• $ 52.69 every month to keep me from coming back. (Now I
get a pension of[...]the rest of the world go by.
New in regard to Grace I will say in all seriouanesa
that she has[...]have had words alright, but I neTer got a chance to use ■ ine.
Now then this ia my life stor[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (175)[...]THE H . L . GIBS ON FAMILY

My dad came to Montana from Ashland , Nebr·aska, th e fa ll of[...]mily came the spring of 19 17 i n June.
',le came to Melstone, Montana , by train and my dad met us th[...]a 1 t er Leligdou icz's
place . We childr en went to school at the Canyon School . Vr s.
v.[...]chool there f o r
several years .
Dad used to haul o ig p itch loe s to Sar.d s~rin~s with a
three-horse team for[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (176)[...]y , 8 of us , Mother, Dad and 6 children 6 months to 10
years , an uncle , aunt, an orphan cousin and grandparents(hother 1 s)
also a man and his son came along to see the country and work
during the fall months.[...]p . There were four steel braces in the corners .
To me it wa s beau tiful . The buggy whip had a tass[...]d slept on the
ground along side the wagons so as to watch where the horses
drifted . A bell was pu t[...]he s . In t ~ose days it was a dis~race for women to wear
t rousers ; also dresses were long, not f or[...]ight . Tho story of
Indians liking nice f &t dogs to eat wns i n 1u r minds . The names
of some of the[...]one one of tr.e o c: her hor::;es thlt belonr,cd to uncle
Frank . '1.'he friends I tc 'ln I do n ' t[...]et 11p "nd rr o , b ut fl ll r-rew we Ary enourrh to be quite f"entl e •
I think we wer e n'l.rti~l to J?anny (the black)_ . ,·e h1d raised hor[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (177)[...]ere all quite fair complexi oned ,
from toe heads to dark brown and bl ack , and grandparents were
g r[...]ting
inci d ent I recall is when Uncle Frank went to cross a bri dge over
a small stream and the bridg[...]This wa s the supply wagon and a lot of food had to be
thr own out, even to the huge box of crackers we were in love wit h .
Grandma wa s ill and to see her crawl out t he rear opening in t h e
canv[...]and t he chan e of habitation meant very l i ttle to us children
I think my favorite companion[...]rops , so we
cou ldn't pay the mortga ,e . We had to let the farm g o and sell
our po ssessi ons t o r[...]Rons on t h e fer r y bo a t a n d the teams tied to
the r i ling on t h e side .[...]And pass thee foer, To pass
And blizzards ne'er pile snowdrifts[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (178)[...]W. G. "ZEKE• ROBERTS

I came to Montana from Denton County, Texas, by train and
landed in Miles City, April 17, ·1911~ on Easter Sunday . To my
surprise, about every other fellow I met on t[...]I came up from Texas. It puzzled me at the
time how everyone could tell I was from Texas, but realize[...]d me be would ive
me $40 a month and all I'd have to do was eat, sleep, and ride
a pony.
The mid[...]out and on the
first of July we were camped close to Jordan wait1n for other
Roundup outfits to exchange cattle. Four cattle outfits, the[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (179)[...]In 1898 , La rkin -=> a n c i dge c ame to the lower Mussels h ell
riv e r t err i t ory f r[...]01, Mr . a n d Mrs . Thomas Gi l fea t he r moved to the
ri ver . Mr . San didge an d Gilfeath ers ran[...]rode home the next morni ng and
some even walked to the hivhway . There we r e se v e ral s t a lled[...]arl er one3 carr ied with team a n d wagon and it to ok two days
to make the trip . There were lots of c~ns o f c ream c arri e d o u t on
the "11 <111 to ship for a 11 ttle e xt r cash . The Mec[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (180)[...]ss

L. to R. i }i\yrna Hayni , Mrs Lon Keith[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (181)[...]Herbert F. (Bert) Keith and his parents crune to Montana in
1916. They had lived in Illinois, Cali[...]ontana Med-
ical Examination as he did not intend to continue his doctor
practic e, but there was so f[...]d many miles on horseb~ck
in all kinds of weather to help sick people. Dr. Lon Keith died
during the f[...]ter being sick a lot of her lil'e.
Bert continued to live on the river after Jack was married . In
1960 Bert and Jack sold their place to Marcus Matovich and bought
the Roberts pla[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (182)[...]house was
built. Martin later sold his homestead to Johnny Winters and now
Dick Gibson owns it .[...]op en range, with no grazing
ri ghts and no fees to pay and most of the settlers ran cattle .
Mabel a[...]ordahl who was driving the
mail route from Mosby to Mel stone. They later moved to Calf
Creek on a ranch. They have 4 children ; Ray[...]reek, Oregon.
The Nordahl 1 s children went to school at Ross School and
to Garfield County High School , in Jordan,Montana[...]ati on t hey would ride horseback 20 or 30 mile s to
a dance , and to visit neighbors. Some of the early set t l[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (183)[...]about
1898 when that territory became too settled to suit him. In
1898 he moved to the lower Mussellshell river territory and
'squat[...]er, and my mother,
Cora M. Gilfeather, moved down to where my grandfather was and
homesteaded, tree cl[...]ath in 1931 our operations were restricted
mostly to raising hay, wintering cattle and raising some fo[...]as the name of Gilfeather or Sandidge didn't seem to fit
as the name for a post office). The mail was[...]moved in and settled on all of the land right up to the
rough river breaks.
During the early perfod people came i'rom as far as thirty
or forty m les away to get mail, as Ross was the only post office
north[...]eing at our place for
two or three days at a time to get their mail. My mother did a
land offic[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (184)[...], Sheriff of Fergus
County, stopping at our house to eat when he was out looking for
one of my mother 's boarders. He was a real character of the era
from 1910 to 1915 or so, and notwithstanding the movies the ol[...]a tree in the hay corral where he
left his horse to be fed.
The main entertainment among the[...]time and if you were a native you were expect-
ed to partici pate, regardles s of whether you enjoyed[...]port .
The river bottom p eople continued to run some cattle from
1915 to 1925 on the lim, ted oo en range still available[...]e ranchers from near the south of
the river on up to o ur place used t o throw their beef cattle
t ogether each fall and drive them all to the railroad to be ship-
ped East. These drives left t he Mussellshel l j ust below (to the
s ou t h of) our plac e, over t o and up Lo dgepole Creek then over to
ruh.d up Calf Creek, t hen on Sout h to Rattlesn ake Springs and
Chenney Springs and t he[...]you co uldn't get cars from the Milwaukee you had
to drive on to the No rthern Pacific at Forsyth . The dri ve usu[...]me up
from Texas with trail herds . I woul d love to have had a movln
picture of his sad dling a horse[...]rrup was t u rne d for the boot and one hand went
to the mane and the other to t he saddle horn f or the co unt . The
ast[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (185)[...]ng when you needed help. His main incor.1e
seemed to be raising hay and wintering cattle for others. H[...]was qui te sick once and
he thought he was going to die; he made a Will le aving everything
he had to a nurse who had been good to him while he was in the
hospital. He got well from that sickness and leter sold his ranch
to Zeke Roberts and I have n ot heard from Mr. Smith since. Other
early ranchers in the area to the south of Smith were Shannon,
Fox, Scheck Coon[...]souri were Town, Roland Mathews
and the T!'ipps . To the $outh were the Allans, Nordahls, Bumps,
Malone , Wilson , Touhy, Healy and .fave. On the ri dge to the West
was the Chad and Ashley places and over to the Eas t were the Hili
Green, Mock and Nile places .
I went to grade school at the Ross school whic h was two an[...]. Warner. They all must
have been good teacher s to have taught u s anything wi th so little
equipmen[...]d the fact that we were all kept home quite often
to help with the work . I went to high school in Winnett, comm-
encing in the fall[...]as a janitor until it went broke, (I had nothine to do with that)
and I worked for Mr . Alexander and[...]erested in midieval history
and later when I went to colle e I majored in history and govern-
ment . l[...]ew Wills for her and her husb:md , and 1 am sorry to say
I have since probated her Will . I enjoyed he[...]School and the community about it were very
good to me and the c oM.I11unity hus since been very help[...]of the .semi-plateati.S, or uplands , contiguous
to the lower Mussellshell v alley fre e open ranee g razing area to
f a rm l and and then to controlled graz in· · wi thin State orga[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (186) Probably f a te require d the s e changes to bring out the best
a~ I feel thes e l ands are mo[...]much replaced
t he once famous "buffal o gras s". To do justice to the importance
. r amificat
and .[...]t o the early peri ods I can remember as a little
to t seeing a l ar ge b and of Indians passing our place on their
way back to the r eser vation af t er one of their last tries to
~ec apt u re t he i r olf way of lif e. A little[...]stand from first hand re-
l a ting by t hose men, to have r eached the railroad after a three
day ' d[...]de r t han me and some of my contemporaries tried to
find their place in this past orofession . I was[...]th e r said ( and insisted) , "go west, young, go to
Winnett t o high school " . So I packed my bag , saddled my horse,
took a smal l l unch and r ode out to the Rogge brothers ranch where
I l e ft my hors e[...]d do~m as old
whi te t ruck and rode into Winnett to try some t hing that had not
y e t been tried by[...]n for him is not that he is just
another taxpayer to whom you may transfer some of your tax burde
but[...]based on the interplay of support
given by human to human, the knowle dge that the good an~ welf re
o[...]ges far outwe, ~L the
disadvanta~es when it com;s to enjoying people , understandin. the
real meaning[...]ic of 1917 and 1918 .
Dr . Alexander once to ld me that a man 's act al success i n
life is n[...]he mun-
ber who attends his funeral . If you plan to attend the funeral
of a resident of the lo[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (187)[...]will b e st anding room only.
Sent to Verda Keith by Patrick Gilfeather,[...]Nora N. Pe ters en
I came to Montana in Oct ober , 1913 , fr om Kansas with my[...]ces and p icni cs and such. He and a
brother came to Montana from Kans a s in t he spring of 1912. Eac[...]ls . We ret ire d fr om the ranch in . 1 64.
Came to Winnett , Montana . We sold our r anch to Larry B. Petersen,
our o1dest grandson . My husba[...]18 . Herb Mosby had t he ma i l r oute from
Mosby to Melstone at the time . His wife , Susan, was post[...]known now as t he
Community Hall . It was donated to the community by J oseph Bagwell.
It was a[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (188)[...]by Gina Foster
It is hard to condense forty-one years into a few paragraphs so[...]e snow drifts.
Gina came in the fall of 1928 to teach the third and fourth grades and
coach baske[...]n the early thirties and we had the
same struggle to survive that other people remember.[...]Margie who is married to Tom[...]to John FitzOerald and they[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (189)[...], Grace Walker came from the state
of Connecticut to Mont ana. Ted was working at the Boys' Indust-
ri[...]was a teacher there
in Miles City. They came out to Jord an to take up a homestead .
In the breaks they fourtd a[...]ever forget this experience. It came time for roe
to go into Miles City when my first child was born.[...]crowd were on their way home; a couple men crune to our tent
to borrow some water , when t hey brought the bucket[...]gave Ted a drink out of a bottle , he pre tended to take a drink
and the man s aid ,"give your partne[...]l ows
leave so fast. Ha l Hal
When we came to Jordan i t was a small tov n . Mail was carr-
ied[...].3tar ted in
and did very well . He was all fixed to go to a dance and didn 't
have time to go to Mr . Shook so , after t hat I became a bar[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (190)[...]k wind was blowing · just
l i ke it always seems to blow in Montana in the spring of the year
when ou[...]t hought they ' d "flipped their lid§
and trying to get me j us t a s exc i t ed only puzzled me more . I
don't really know what I expected to see but I ' m sure it wasn ' t
what I was looking[...]e t wo day journey out from Miles
Cit y , hav ing to stay ove r night at a halfway house on unconfort-[...]e Hash family who also owned a
livery stable next to it and he got us a room . Besides t t , our
house was not f inished yet on the homestead, due to delay 1n ship -
ping the l umb er out from Miles City although Dad bad come to ont-
ana ahead of Mother so as to have a house ready to welcome us
when we arrived . It turned out that we had to stay at the rooming
house a week before our house 3½miles SE of Jordan was complete
in which to live . While in to~n , Hashes only son, onteville "Cap"
Hash introduc ed me to several children including the lergaard
children[...]win ,
the storekeeper where dad made arrangements to buy groceries and
many others among them S[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (191)[...]not the ranchers, at
first. We were the intruders to them, coming out to fence land
that had been open range to them for years whe re their stock
could room free[...]the "homestead law" had passed,allow-
ing people to come out and make a claim on 360 acres of land
wh[...]for t hree years and the land rightfully belonged to
them af ter which they payed taxes on it if they wished to keep
it, otherwise it would go back to the Government again. And
owning the land the hom[...]gh-
bors that were homesteaders,too, fairly close to us like a mile
or two away and were the Schranks, Millers, Olivers, Andersons
and Harbaughs to the east of us and Woods, Loves and 11 Big Alex"[...]C~ookston like the Myron Thorntons,Cliff
Bievers to farm. and raise stock while the FitzGeralds come to run
a drugstore , our first one in Jordan. They b[...]My folks didn't fen ce our land at first, trying to please
the ranchers so as to cultivate t heir friendship in letting them
move[...]ur
corn and grain as well as our vegetable garden to a void trampling
it. But one day a group were not[...]ound of cattle coming quite close so she went out to tell
them to be careful of her garden and they followed her ad[...]over her beautiful garden she had
worked so hard to raise and trampled it flat to the ground. Then
laughted and satd 11 Did that su[...]ther was crying . We were alone as Dad had driven to
Jordan to get some supplies . When he returned and he was told
the news they immediately decided to fence our land and when
other ranchers heard abou[...]which we lived on for seven years be-
rore moving to Jordan .
Our last Christmas spent on the home stead was a sad one.
Mother wanted a pine tree to trim for the occasion as she wa s
tired of trying to decorate a sage brush like she'd been doing
1n the past . There were no pine trees in Jordan to buy so a man
offered to go with Dad t o pine tree c ountry north o[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (192)[...]his pains so Dad
decided that the next best thing to do to thank him fo r hi s
trouble was to buy him a hot brandy, his fa vorite drink . Da d[...]l i ed
stove. As soon as Dad was warm he decide d to go home wi t h the
pine tree for mother to d ecorat e b ut seve ral fellows who had been
in_[...]ternoon de c i ded dif ferently . They were
going to g et t h e Frenchma n drunk, re f err ing to my dad . Dad was
not a heavy drinker and besides that, wa s anxi ous to get home
wi t h the pine tree but t he playful heavier men would drag da d
b a ck to the bar every time he'd t r y to leave bu t he sli pped away
from them, got to his car and since i t was ge tt i ng dark he wa s
lig~ ting the carbid e light s whic h had to be done on the outs ide
of a car ar.d while doing[...]e and out of s lght of
t he saloon and then stop to light his ligh ts. He knew the Sher iff
was in Mi[...]an engine noise so automa t ica l ly h e t urned to his right
a s he would do in car traffic in a c i[...]omeone got Dr. Baker and s omeone el se c ame out to the home -
stead after Mother and me. Mother l ea[...]hs , Dad was out of danger so we moved
h im ou t to the homestead a s soon a s he was able to travel. There
wa s no hos p ital in Jordan then o[...]our bachelor
r r1e nce shot r abb its and brought to us which Mother fixed 1n a
casse ro l e, t hey t[...]nd we wintered just fine . Dad 11
had t ime to think a lot as our money dwindled away s.l owly"but sur
no t leavin g enough to hi r e and pay for help . So after he was able
Dad lef t fo r Mil es City to find a job . He was hired to run a
theat r e , s ome t hing he knew best , bei[...]tre busi nes s for
several year s before we moved to Montana , owning a theatre in
Crookston, a[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (193)[...]usband was affiliated with our first Bank decided to make
Jordan, society minded with a n400" flavor.[...]rson and her family now live . Mrs . Huff decided
to give a formal dance so rented the community dance[...]nserva tively in western clothes
having no reason to buy clothes ror unheard of formal affairs
because[...]bell ringing after hours in Jordan would announce to
folks that there wo uld be a dance where lad ies[...]all night, placing their
children under blankets to sleep on the pushed back school seats
until daylight , then go to a restaurant and eat breakfast, after
a ttending to the stock , later afte we had a community hall, the
habit of square dances and simple cotton dresses to dance in was
much the s ame s o quite a shock to the home folks in Jordan, to
have the mood of normal living changed so complet[...]wear her purple Opera coat and purple shoes dyed to
match . Dad had b oth tuxedo and full dress s uit[...]ut nevertheless experienced it all with them both to proudly
tell and share in the pioneer spirit of G[...]d since my TWO HOUSES and THREE
PEOPLE hav~ grown to many houses and closer to 500 people in
Jorctart, my story must end[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (194)[...]uring Wor l d War I. After the war ·he came back to
his homestead in Garfield County with his wife, Minnie Carlson. They lived
here for several years then moved to Jordan where Al worked at various
jobs and then w[...]Minnie have two children; Woodrow who is married to Leila Stanton
and resides in Circle, Montana and[...]tory about the early days and this fits
this area to a 'T'. I always felt badly about having to burn Buffalo Chips
until I read his story and fou[...]e.
She married Al Hawkinson in 1952 and moved to Jordan to live and has
been here s1nc e then.
Her famil[...]l his death in May 9, 1967 , aad Stella
has moved to R~undup, Montana . F.d married Hazel Bry[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (195)[...]ann l~ , oburt ,.wans
came the same y ear( uncl e to Ethe l) t o rrov e on cla·rri and went;
b a ck .
Jay and Ethel carr ied mail fr om }:,'rc edo:1 to J rrd.m for
severa l ye a rs in a :t-1odel T. They left in 191() and returned in
1921 to the Homestead .
Jay was elect eu Sher i[...]family in Buffalo , New York .
Joyce is marr ied to Roscoe Byrd and li ve s in Bill"ngs and teach-
es[...]Byrrl
r . an d '1r s . w. s . Byrd c ame to Fontana fr om the str te of
Virginia . Af ter liv[...]•m for one or two years , t .e y
moved by wagon to t h eir ho:nestead at Bruse tt, i•10ntana in th[...]es , they acted 1 ke rel at ives for each other . To et er
they obs e rve d holi days at the one-ro om school hous e . ,md to ether
in tha t same l i t tl e building they had[...]cre am parties , an•! brand in tirn
gatheri ngs to help make l if e a bit more interestinr, .[...]re :ere not en"u n cl ild-
ren in the communi t y to hrwe a school . 'l'I en y parents had to
move t o Jorcl'lil f or the s c hool ··ear .[...]ormal School at Billings , hontan a . 1.fter one :to r ' s trai ng
I beg~n te a c hing coun try[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (196)[...]d f~r from the s choo l , bu t their parents s aw to i t
tha t t hey r e ce i ve d t heir school i n g[...]the we ek - end .
At tha t t ime l trie d to te ach t he pup ils something about
l i fe in the city . Today , I try to teach b oys and g irls some t hing
a b ou[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (197)[...]Willia.."11 Jessen was born in Germany . He c ame to U. d . A. when
he was two years ol d . Hi s folks[...]on the place no~
ovmed by Carl Harbaugh . He went to sc ho ol on Sand Creek ..... two of
his teachers[...]olks later
move d t o Miles City . He came b a ck to Jordan in 1940 clild we 1ere
at the Dorm for four[...]Peo ple knew him better as Bill J essen .
I used to be a cowboy many years ago
I didn't mind the wint[...]ow
But now I'm getting a bit ol d
Its hard for me to g et out and face the bitter cold
But as I sit out here on the Frazier all to myse l.f alone
Taking care of a few dog~ies and t[...]and nights t he storm has raged, and don ' t
seem to want to quit
The old thermometer hangs a t twenty and th[...]r beans
are froze
But that's not bad , n o c ause to kick
For you go and grab a b iscui t and its froz[...]ot so bad for tomorr ow may be warm
And you pr ay to God , that f or a week or so it won ' t storm
I '[...]le doggies
will kee p you on the run
Just a wor d to cowboy minded
Fe llows, yo u be tt e r sta[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (198)[...]issourians" who had
heard the railroad was coming to this part of Montana and what
opportunities it pr[...]Having made arrangements with a local garageman to take u s
north, we arrive d at Sand Springs,Montana late at night . We went
to the cafe and the scene was something like one mig[...]y were
very hos pitable and moved closer together to make room for six.
additional people at the table[...]d smuggle d all the way from Hissouri. He pointed to a
small cabin tucke d away in t he h ills t:rom t[...]e -
vailed on t he man(hi s name I cannot recall) to hitch u 0 his team
and t ake us on farther. The t[...]hat
re al western hospit al i ty wa s lik e. They to ok us in and made u~
w lcon e and comfortable f o[...]ook my Dad and brothe r-in-l aw, Charley Johnson, to t he Guy
Johnson r anch, he be i ng t he man who was responsible for luring
us to Mont • The re st o!' us stayed a t the Neit ers• until arran-
gement s were made t o t ake us to t he Johnson ranch.
My Dad bo ht a r anc[...]count ry .
y bro ther Ed c ame from ashlngton to ope r a te t he r anc h and stay-
e d form y years final l y returning to Was hingt on.
ly si s ter ar guer i t e[...]much
f rther back through the year s t han I 1 ke to r eP1ember.
My Dad , Mother and br[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (199)1952. He entered the service in 1955 and returned to the ranch in 1957 where
he has been in partnershi[...]peace and qu iet of the country and this is home to all of
us, it has been in the past, now and always. The 1 tch key is
always out to our many relatives an<l frien ds and a cquaintanc[...]h frie ndly people and a
way of life that appeals to tho se of us who crone long ago .[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (200) The W. L . Harbaugh Story
As Told To His Daughter- In- Law , Cornelia Harbaugh

'fhe day there was an attempt to kidnap our son Wi lli am on
t he streets of Louisville, Kentucky was the day I d eci ded to
"Pull up stakes" and head we st. (I might add the[...]ha t something was wrong . )
Ye s, we c ame to :Montana in t he ye a r of 1910 to establis h a
home where I c o u l d re r my fami[...]n -.iles City , Non tuna. I i nune diu tely wen t to t h e
l and office to find out what land was av a il ab le and wh ere i[...]eek
banks . Af'ter loc ating the land I went back to Mil es City· a n d bought
a team and wagon , loa[...]sed land .
e were lo aded so heavy the kids had to walk u p t he hills and to
this day Paul claims t he record for theyounges t[...]ll it a
house . we mo v ed in and I walked b ack to •dles City to my job at
Fort Keogh , leaving Lizzie and the kids to hold down the home -
ste d . They raised a garden[...]dd got plenty of use with five boys determine d to 1 ride 1 em .
lany an ol d broomtail turned out to be a pretty good s addle horse
when they were thr[...]ansor and she no d oubt
could tell m y stories of how they would plug t he stove-pipe
w t h snow and th[...]run down and put the fire out,~hen
she would have to di smi ss school until t he smoke cleared away
an[...]d some of the .following names will be fam-
iliar to those reading this . Jim , John , Dave , M[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (201) Dances were some th ing we all looke d forward to and we' d
lo ad the org an , v. i olin and family i n to the wagon and drive to a
dance miles away . I pl ayed the violin until t[...]y days despite the hardships and the
work it took to eak out a living in this new land . e tried just
abou t everything to make an extra dollar . 1e raise d c at tle,
farme[...]n the serv-
ice , William was called up so I went to Bremerton , Washington to
work in the ship y a rds. I was to old to pack a gun but I could
help build ships for our boys. This wa s my contr i bu tion to the
war e:f:fort and once again "Monr_' and the y[...]with age
creeping upon us . We sold our holdings to them and headed for
the Yellowstone Valley east o[...]reat shortage of school teachers and I was called to teach the
scho ol loc·ated in the Purewater c0Dm[...]med the class
Each striving gallantly to p a ss .
e will remember stock[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (202)[...]And by subtraction they can tell ,
How much remains , when "buy or s ellu .
But when it comes to p ainting "art "
Their brushes cannot wait to start .
Their te a cher's old and bent[...]l been an improvement for the better . I
am proud to h ve been a part of settling up Garfield County,
home then, now and always .
Anoth r thought came to me. I helped partition the Community
hall[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (203)[...]I •ve been here since 1910 so that entitles me to a
place in this book of old-timers. I 1 ve seen t[...]me, from the open prairie , the undeveloped land, to
farming, ranching and stock-growing on a differen[...]mind was the thought of freedom, pure ,clean
air to breathe, fri endly people and all of those things[...]f astened us in a grip so strong it would be
hard to give it a l l up . I wouldn't want to .
My experienc e s have been varied in the[...]I did for a good
many years . After being married to Cornelia McQuiston it was
decided about then that[...]nc rider was ove~
My son was born and I was happy to think I was going to have
someone to help carry on . {He, Larry is with us on the ranch now~
As time passed we added f arming to our operation as well as
raising cattle and re gi[...]years when we'd dry out and there wasn't any
crop to harvest; I'd leave my wife Cornelia and son Larry[...]h and wor k away from home but I w~s always happy to get ba ck
to Sand Creek .
One of these days I'm going to retire and turn the ranch
over to Larry so that I can c a tch up on a little si ght seeing
etc; that I haven I t been "-: able to do du ring t he busy, bu sy year•.
1 1 11 take Corneli a alnng too, 11' she ever decides to quit work-
ing at t hat Court House.
In th[...]ghbors for a visit
at the llli Ranch. I ' m never to busy to stop and talk.

Paul and LaJTY Harba[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (204)[...]smith with The Pacific Gas & Light Co .,
but due to the fact that there wa s a stri l e on and they were
layed off, we decided to g o to Montana and prove up a claim.
I had two brothers[...]m there we took the mail sta e or whate er it was to Jordan .
Our dr i ver was Dick Johnston who late[...]operations in ear est nd 1 t
wasn't easy. We had to dig sagebrush and br ak sod with a
wal k i[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (205)[...]11 of something else
out there. Everybody seemed to have a ~ood time.
At Castle Butte we ma naged to have Sunday School and a
minister came now and th[...]hen the Depression year s hit us all. The men
had to tighten up their belts another notch and the women
learned to "cook beans 40 different waysi" But some way or
another we made it.
Later on we sold the ranch to the William Nelsons and
the family is still operating it.
In 1939 we sold out to Bill Taylor and Jake ffinther who
took over the garage and we moved to Roundup, where we again
went into business on Main Street.
In 1949 we moved to Arkar.sas . Jack passed away in 1962.
I remarried[...]Hutson

L.to R.: Mrs. Nelson, Fern• Billy[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (206)[...]e
didn't like it t here so run away and went back to Iowa . When he
retur ned home he was punished for running away and taken back
out to the ranch in Wyoming. He still didn't like it the[...]time when there was a trail herd coming thru, he to ok off
and joined the outfit. All he would tell t[...]rivers and it
would take the most part of a year to trail a herd up from the
south. He t ol d of staying one wint er at Larami e, Wyoming . He
u sed to tell of lmowing Jesse James, Younger Brother s, &[...]fat beef' from t hem, butc hered 1t
and took i t to a widow with several children wher e t hey had s[...]the log house on t he
old 79 ranch, now belonging to J ohn Hooker west of Jordan about
25 or 30 miles.[...]he Missouri r i ve r bre aks
and hauled them over to bu ild the house . He tol d of a b unch of
the co[...]both ankles broken • .
In 1891 he crune to Forsy th to s t ay and homes t eaded west of
Forsyth, n orth[...]oys , the father
wa s Danish . The fami l y moved to Montana when she was six years
old by c ove red wagon . It t ook mos t of the sunnner to do so . Her
mother kept a d i a r y on t he l ong[...]gings af'te r she passed away . Accordi to t he
dia r y , t hey s t a r t e d from Kansas wi[...]ey f i nal l y reached Montana all they had t o
s how f or t he JO he ad of c attle was one whit[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (207)[...]t of the Yellowst one
Lumbe r. , He con t inu ed to f re io;ht between Miles Ci t y and Jordan,
the b[...]in s nowstorms during the winter
and hav in·,· to stay campe d somewhere along t he r oad fo r severa l
days, too c old to trave l . One tri p ou t he was h auling a pig fo[...]wit h a tarp b u t it got
so cold the pig f ro ze to de ath . Fo llow i ng is a piece taken from
the M[...]e s t ar t ed a l ar ,e buil ding whi ch he
hoped to rent out a s a s tore building . Thi s wa s l oc[...]he r d where he was liv ing and came t o Montana to see
him . Th is is when they found 0 1 t his name[...]9 years old , let it go at tha t. He was married to Dor ot hy
as "Lane" , so the family cont inued to spell it that way for a
long while . Finally , Dore thy , thought , to make it legal , it
sho 1 lct be "Lahn" and starte[...]as did Fred c:.c Milo , howe ver ,
Earl continued to spell it "Lane" . In later years Earl and hi s
Mother took a trip back t o Afton to see Bob ' s brot her and some
co usins who[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (208)[...]f those b ad wi nters
when it was near impossible to g et f rei ght out fr om Mi les Ci ty .
The town[...]ght i ng
with t h e string team, bu t cont i nued to haul fre i ght wi t h the
truck. Come the WPA d a[...]mer Ande r son haul
gravel f rom east of J or dan to to1-m f or s ome p r oje c t . 'l'he grav e l
bank w[...]him, this was De c . 5, 1936.
Dorothy continu e d to l i ve i n Jor dan t ho . Abo-.. t 1938 s he left[...]v isi t ing the ki d s or other r e l a t-
ives. To supplement the p ensi on the gover nment gave he[...]e wcr k s he don e .
In 1963 old a :,;e s tarte d to c a t c h u o wi t h her so she mo ved t o t he
G[...]dn ' t t ake care of her t he .r- e so wa s
moved to t he Valle Vi s ta Re s t Home i n Lewistown, !·[...]0 worke d on ro a d c onstruc t ion . lie move d to
Absor okee , ;·font. abou t 1950 and bec ame dep[...]_\-:n , r.r.ont . a n ti is
look i n · fo rward to ret i r ing the s pr in~ of 1970 .
An i nt[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (209)[...]als o known a s Jack , or "Wild Cat Jack" came
to Montana as a young man. He work e d for many cattle outfits, and
was known for h is abilit y to ride the bucking horses and for
breaking many s[...]ents the year around . He eventually
de c i ded to homeste ad , an d proved up on his place about 6[...]", when i t was wild and wooly ; and those seemed to be
t h e days he lik e d t he bes t. Also it was[...]J a ck wa s b orn i n Neb r a ska , mov ed to Kansas where he grad-
uated; t hen on to Or egon where h e had an unt that he dearly
l ove[...]ways said tha t he got the
arthritis when he used to brave the elements ; slee p on the cold
ground in[...]rs before , an d told the story of not being
able to move an am or leg , or turn over without help . 'The men use
to leave him all day to go about their duties and come home at
night to care fo r him . One day when he lay there helpless , a snake
came to pay a visit , foun d his chest nice and ;;arm , preceeded to
curl up there and go to sleep and al l he could do was just lay and
watch it curled on his chest until it decided it was time to awak-
en and crawl away . Of course as soon as he[...]ting her on
terra firma before the horse d ecided to unset her .
,;i I 7
Garfield County: The Golden Years (210)[...]F.d stinebaugh cue .tr011 the state ot Washington to take
up a hoaestead in Montana. Thq located on a[...]n children were born here.
The boys started to achool in a tarpaper shack, later the District
bu[...]Fort Peck area. Mr. Fd Stinebaugh helped to build the
school house and also helped nal'le 1 t Horth Star. This same building vas
sold to Mr. Winters and was aoved to Hell Creek Recreation Parle !or a
suraer Cabin.[...]have aoved Stinebaugh, Ruby Turn.er,
to other locations. Llo:yd is a printer Lo[...]Donald is 118.l"ried Turner, Keith Turner,
to a rancher and lives near Slllok;y Batte; 4[...]lfr. md Mrs. Stinebaugh retired.
and nnt West to look .tor a location to
liTe and retire, but came back to Jordan
and their 11&1J1' friends and bough[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (211)[...]e

Charley LaMoure, as he was familiarly known to a wide circle
of friends, had served in an offici[...]n Jordan.
In 1929 he rendered valuaple assistance to the late Geo. B.
Hart when the FERA was a life-saver to scores of worthy men dur-
ing the lean years then[...]years
his entire time and effort had been devoted to service as U.S.
Employment agent for this county.[...]in 1949.
Charley had a son who accompanied him to Jordan, Bronson C.
LaMoure. Bronson and Pearl Bau[...]son Bronson
(Buster) c. LaMoure Jr. He is married to Pat Shawver~ Buster
is going to College and lives 1n Missoula with his wif[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (212)[...]oney Brothers
Pat, Tom, and Mike Maloney came to what is now Garfield Co.
in May of 1917, from Min[...]nn. While Tom and Mike remained on the homesteads
to make the improvements, Pat went to work for the N.P. rail-
road to get the money that they needed to builded their homes.
Their mother, Mrs. Malone[...]them for sever-
al years till Tom sold his claim to his brothers and returned
with him to Minneapolis.
Pat maintained a friendly bachal[...]when he
married Martha Baugatz. He helped Martha to raise her four
girls. They also help raise their[...]ir ranch until in 1964, at this time they retired
to jordan, where they bought a home. Martha d[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (213)[...]ey homesteaded ten miles north of Jordan adjacent to the
claim of Hugo Baugotz, who had preceded th~m[...]y which were later, in true western fashion
sold to Fred and Hugo.
Previous to his arrival in Joran, Hugo had spent sometime
in[...]s
ing, buying other farm land and so doing added to their land
acquired by homesteading. Frieghting grain to Miles City become
one of their enterprizes, Hugo starting with a horse drawn
wagon, later turning that over to Fred and his International
truck. About 1922, Fr[...]of the first in
the neighborhood and a great help to the whole neighborhood
during the harvest season.[...]assed away in 1931, leaving his wife and children to
run the farm, Martha married Pat Maloney in 19)2.[...]y lived on their farm
until 1951, when they moved to Hamilton. Bess passed away 1n
1962 and Hugo in 1964.
Ed and Rose Kelly were neighbors to the Baugotz, they ca e
rrom Minnesota too.[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (214)[...]Mrs . Walter Winf'ield
The Winfields came to t ake up homesteads . Joe Winfield &
son Walter[...]hey dr ove across county from
Mond ak, N. Dakota to Jor dan in a l ight wagon . They squatted on
hom[...]w around the home -
stead s and built a dugo u t to l ive in . One day when they return-
e d from to[...]thru the roof of the dugou t. The horse belon~ed to a lar e 0

horse ranch a few miles f rom t[...]fa t he r b ecame very anp;y and said" e
ough t to s ue them. 11 Walter to ld him that they had be t ter keep
sti ll abou t[...]Jordan . The next
s pr i ng (1914) he went back to Crookston , Minn . and b rought Mrs .
Winf i eld and the family to Jordan, except Nellie , who was work-
i ng i n[...]uddenly
in Oct. 1929. The Winf i elds continued to run the Butcher shop
until the early 19J0 1 s. ,[...]rch, :19·.36,. Georg e went t o l:!elena in 1919 to work
at the Veterans Bu r eau , He l ena was his[...]an and v a c ini t y fo r many years . They moved to Miles City and
we r e l i ving t her e at t he t[...]f fic e unt il she left Jor dan in 1930 and went to
Oregon. Sh e is liv i n g i n Po r tland . Hazel[...]52 or SJ .
Ruby married Jack Miller , they moved to Livings t on in the early
19JO ' s . Bud left the J or dan v acinity i n 1934 or 35 . He went to
Oregon ; but he is a rolling stone he has lived[...]t the Livery table . In
the spr ing he wen t out to the homestead to b ild a hotse and
farm some . He once plowed all[...]ugh November . Ma" ie Allen stopped at our
hou se to warm ur, he was goin:z t o town, he s aid the snow was knee
dee p to his hors~ . Th a t was Nov . 11th . The snow di '[...]oss of livestock t hat winter as
there was no hay to buy i n t he country . The roa(! to M..:.les City
was just a trail then , no grade , so i t was a l most im1. ossible to
haul fee d in . There was no cake to buy then a s n later ye ars .
All of ou[...]any job where a crew wa s
neede d the men worke d to gether . ~ve ryone u sed b inders those fir s t
years . When it came time to thresh , the ·nen too1c their teams and[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (215)wagons to each place and hauled bundles until everyone fini[...]Sometimes on Sunday some of us would get together to visit and
and play cards, the men sometimes playe[...]o-
bl~m. She attended school in Jordan, so we had to board her in
town during the week. We brought her home Friday and took her
back to town Sunday or Monday morning. We had the same pr[...]as a
great help, but there were times when we had to shovel a lot
snow. Eventually they both gradu ate[...]her died, Mrs. Ginther rented
her place and moved to Jordan . We were the last of the old
bunch to leave. The ranch was our home from then on until[...]killstl
accidently, and Mrs. Woods sold her place to Orval Wheeler. The
Wheelers lived there until the fall of 1934. At that time they
moved to Penn. Mr. Jacks on became ill and t hey left. Charley
Grimes was a neighbor for a few years. He once went to visit a
bachelor neighbor. He sat down on a chair[...]there was no rass for their cattle. They decided to
go north to the Missouri brakes to wi nter their stock. They win-
tered in the vacin[...]nce
of grass there. The next spring they deci ded to make the move
permanent. John Johns on (Ida J ohnson's bro ther) and his family
moved also . He decided to settle in the Cro oked Creek area.
The Frank John[...]n Spri ng Creek, that didn 't suit, so they moved
to the Big Dry and settled on the p lace t ha[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (216) a winter camp, which they decided to abandon. Frank J ohnson
liked that place better[...]nty.
Dr. Battin filed on a homestead right next to my Dads. Dad said
there wasn't room for both of them and offered t o buy or sell
Dr. Battin chose to buy so we moved off the place next s pring:
My father was ill and no longer able to take car e of the sheep he
owned so they sold them. It was decided that we would move to a
place on Crooked Creek about 3 miles from Uncl[...]until the fall of
1936, then .she sold the place to Karl Karlson and moved to Mission
Texas. She died there in June, 1944.[...]rfish, s. Dakota. She was
a baby when they moved to the Pine Hills. She attended school
one winter i[...]k for a number of years. Then they sold and moved to Florida
for a few years. They returned and bough[...]Ubl.
They lived there until 1937 when they sold to Lou Johnson and
moved to Frants Pass, Oregon. Lillian died there 1n 1951.[...]hen he was 31 years old . Two
Children were born to them, Ida who now lives in Washing ton and
Alm.ea[...]ld be near a doctor, but the doctor could not
get to her because of the fl ood. -W-xoep for- one ye ar when be
attended the school closer to the ranch; a11 ~~f hi s school Atten-
dance was i[...]Mother's ranch for a short time, then they moved to California
and continued to live there. Clifford died in Jan. 1967, :Bernice[...]Pine hills
and was a year old when we first came to the Garfield County
area (Except for 1 year I rec[...]e Spring Creek place .
Mother and Dad were trying to corr al a yearling steer. We thee
children were s[...]cing because the p ole broke and we fell. We went to
the house, and the folks got the steer int[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (217)[...]is own
blacksmith, carpenter and butcher. He used to say that he was
Jack of all trades and master of[...]ce that Jim Vance owned for many years. They used to
tell a story about Jim Vance, I don't know who st[...]haps Jim told someone "I'm from Missouri you have to show me",
or perhaps it was just because they kne[...]agon that had a red
tongue and he sawed it in two to see if it was red clear through.
Fred Kibler[...]few years. Perry Kepler hired Mr. & Mrs. Ed
Byrum to work for him and though them he met her sister, w[...]arried, they stayed a few more years
then he sold to Ira Neff or Clarence Heisel or perhaps ~hey
bough[...]mber. I know that Heisel
had it later and sold it to Jim Hilton. Some of the other early
settlers were[...]pot that the Farmers Union Station is now. He had
to haul everything from Miles City. Some one started a story,
that Jordan said there wasn't much use to bring things out to put
into his store because some one bought it rig[...]as tar as our place, stay-
ed overnight then went to Jor dan and back to our place the next
day. Our place was about 16 mi[...]horty Freed got
married, and he and his wife used to stop overnight. There were
very few women in thos[...]men were bachel-
ors.
My brother Tonnny went to school in Jordan, I believe that was
the first year they had school. A Mr. Brown was the teacher. I
started to school in 1907, a new school house had been built[...]building. Then they divided it in two
and I went to High School the first year in it. Later they moved
it and it is now the theater. The first year I went to school,
Miss Vance, Jim Vance's sister, was our teacher. I will try to
describe Jordan as I remember it at that time. The school house
was nearer to main street than the grade school is now.[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (218)[...]was a log house at
that time, later they added to it and covered the logs so it be-
came a frame[...]n't remember if the frame building had been added to the log
building before then, or if it was added[...]that building was moved farther west
and closer to main street. Joe ·P arker used it when he starte[...]Hulda kept house for
us and the rest of us went to school. Mr. & Mrs. Lee Chandler
were running a r[...]and some of the other men thought it great sport to
put a bucket over the stove pipe on the dugout and smoke us out,
as they went by on their way to the resturant. North and west of
where the Al Haw[...]danced until dayli ht . Many t imes they
decided to dance the next night also , but always stopped at[...]ns like they do 1n the movies. ery-
thing had to be hauled to Jordan from Miles City with treight-
wagon[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (219)[...]grade there were enough
children in the county to start a high school. The first year was
in the[...]y built a larger ·building for a high school and to
add one room to the grade scho~l. Our first high school te[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (220)[...]nson's

The Forrest John.3on fanli.ly caD.e to Montana in the winter of 1916.
They took up a hcm[...]was killed in a car wreck in 1950, he then m.oved to
Calitornia where he passed away in 19.54.
E[...]School.
J"orest and Lizzie Johnson moved to Jordan from the ranch and as
Lizzies health began to fail she aoved to the Garfield C011Dty Rest Rome
where she c[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (221)[...]odd jobs working on
farms. Then they de ci de d to go west to Iowa where they heard
t h at j obs were more promising . There a daughter Nancy was born
to them. They lat er move d t o Crawford , Nebraska[...]e be came older and more competant ,
he was able to ri de with t he he r d and l earned to ride and break
sadd le horses. It was wi th gre[...]lways by h is r i ghtfu l n ame . Finally he came to Miles
City, Montana in 1911.
Elmer look[...]t his place , the first thing for
him t o do was to bui l d a dwelling . Havi~ lots of strength and[...]ace so he would take
t he t eam and wagon and go to the Missouri River breaks and cut
l og s f or c o[...]With the higher cost of living he decided to work for the
c oun t y during the summer months ,[...]close was
being filed on and making it impossible to run so many head of
horses . So etting some other .fellows to go in with him, they
decided to g et together a large herd . They ove th[...]' t have more horses . Elmer came back, built on to his
Soddie with lumber making two rooms, a[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (222)[...]y.
As freighting became less, Elmer decided to use his slack
time to Mine and haul coal. By this time he had bought a truck.
As there was no coal on his place, Elmer had to mine and haul
from several miles away. His stove-[...]her coal mine. Ailing health and age caus-
ed him to retire entirely and he delt in selling old iron a[...]knew him. He had a few light strokes, so he moved to the Rest
Home in Jordan. From there he was moved over to the hospi tal
where in time he was comp le[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (223)[...]e until Elmer was six years old then
they moved to Hillsboro, OregQn; looking for work due to hard
times and drought in South Dakota. They sp[...]ed
there at the age of 2 years. They moved back to Tinsdale where
they had other relations living.[...]n a farm there
until he was 16 years old. Going to a school in that area . Hi s
folks leased a pla[...]ral head of cattle. It was the
childrens' chore to herd these cattle and keep them out of the
fiel[...]5~ a pound.
They raised their own grain and hay to feed their livestock. They
also raised hogs, chickens and a large garden . As in those days
they had to be almost self-supporting and not run to the super-
market as we do now. His mother was a[...]ess up in their best, and with team
and wagon go to church and go visiting. It was never very far
from home because of their dairy herd , which had to be hand milk-
ed, no milking machines at that ti[...]get up , put on his clothes, take the milk pail to the barn, sit
down on a milking stool, to start milking . His head would lean
over and he[...]father was though
milking one cow he would check to see how Elmer was doing with
his cow before going on to the next, there he was sound asleep
and not a dr[...]fishing places, and
in winter they would go down to the creek, ponds and lake s and
skate on the ice[...]ly small, so with their
teams and wagons would go to the school houses for dances and
school programs .
One day Fred and Cora went to school in the winter time . A
storm came up, a re[...]Hr . Sutton gath-
ered food stu.i'f and blankets to take to the school where the
teacher and children were . It was so b ad they had to follow the
f ence row in order to find the school house . The children staye[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (224)[...]was 16 years old, so it was
thought he should go to work for wages to help support himself.
He worked at odd jobs along, working for different ranchers.
Finally he wanted to work for himself so started trapping in
different[...]for a rancher for a couple years, then he
decided to come to this are a and file on a place.
He kept rig[...]built himself a two-room log cabin. He
went back to Dakota and brought his herd of horses and his cat[...]g his herd of cattle. At that time it
seemed best to keep a steer until it was a 3 or 4 year old before
sending them back east on the train to Chicago, where the best
paying market was at that[...]neighbors would get together, drive their cattle to
a certain place where they were to meet, then putting all the
stock in one big herd , they would drive them to Brockway. It took
several days driving to get t he cattle there. They all took their
bed- r[...]he train a few of them, two or three were elected to
get on ·t he train and go to the auction yards in Chicago along
with the cattle, to watch to see that the cattle were treated
right and to pick out the highest bidders. Each man's check was
mailed home to him, according to the brands on the cattle.
Elmer traded a go[...]in 1916, then in 1918 he traded the Model T Ford to
Al Waterson for a team of horse s. In 1928 Elmer[...]Peck Dam was put in , the people on the river had to move ou t as
the water was backing up , then the mail route was discontinued .
Elmer married in 1932 to Ruth Anderson, and they raised
four sons . Elmer[...]the field helping his son John put :1.n
the grain to grow feed for the livestock . Ei ~hty-five[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (225)[...]an axle. Car loaded I
Babies crying! We got out to waik,somewhere, of course that
would be Cohagen.[...]ams rooming house. We
then went the 20 miles out to the ranch, whe re Dad had home-
steaded. It was[...]oal .
Dad made a hand sled and we would go to the coal mine , we
had discovered, every day and[...]and May, the He rman Rogges and child-
ren used to walk back and forth, as we did , t hat next summer to
stay all day and visit. Dad Shook pl ayed for ou[...]a
log house, owned by Mrs . John Sensiba, sister to Mrs . Shook,and
close to the Shook ranch.
I married Alfred Haney in September , 1921 . He came to the
country in 1912 with his mother and father, F[...]Big
~inger Jack's place, which they l a ter sold to Frank McKeever .
Doc and Baldy Williams were among those to settle in the Snow
Creek neighborhood.
Mrs.[...]d mot her . She was married t o
Lou Nelson, later to Bill Searls and is now living in the hosp-
ital;[...], Baldy, is also a patient there . Both are
close to 90 and over . Aunt Jane died three years a o .[...]wkinson; Mrs. Rosa Robuck, who
would ride a horse to our place to help out when I had tick fever .
Every Sunday she would come to help . And to think that now days,
people don't have time to visit!
:2. ..3 'j
Garfield County: The Golden Years (226)[...]o now lives. An old Trapper, Mr. Marvin Har~
used to ride from one place to another tending his traps.
Then there are[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (227)[...]l oyds
Mrs. Alice Floyd and son Aubrey came to Montana in Oc t ober
1916 . In August of that ye[...]emselves nn d Dale Mell o tt . Then they
returned to Antler, N. D. to harvest their crops before leaving
ag ain for the[...]eads in Mont ana. Also each ye ar ~ubrey
returned to N.D. at harvest t .ime a s he had f armin.J inter[...]r belonging s arrived at Glasgow , then was
taken to Lismus Ferry. They could not get t hem across the river ,
as there wa s too mu ch ice for the ferry to run, but the ice was
not strong enough to bear t he wei ~ht of the f urniture .
In D[...]by tne men ; a s the i ce still not strong enough
to carry horses weight, too. There was one stri p of[...]e acro ss.
Floyd's did not stay in Montana to o l ong , but returned to
N. D. to make their home. Mrs. Floyd l ater went to California
to make her home wit h a dm•ghter, and passed away[...]Mrs. A. Floyd,
upon a visit to Montana Mr. & Mrs . Aubrey Fl[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (228)[...]Josephine Denisar, and their daughter, Carol came
to Montana (Dawson Co.) in October, 1916. When it was voted for
Jordan to become the county seat of Garfield Co.; Harry said he
was happy to vote for that. Accomp aning the Denisars were Mrs[...]Norman Johnson and Aubrey
Floyd left Antler N. D. to look for a homestead, hoping to better
themselves . Harry was born in Pennsylvania, coming to Illinois
while qui te young . There he marr ied J[...].) and they lived in Illinois a while, then went
to Iowa , then t o • D. and then to Montana. They found land about
12 miles N. E. of[...]ttle later built a 3-room
house . They had driven to Montana in a new Model T Ford of Aubrey
Floyd's . Ai'ter building the houses they returned to N. Dakota to
harvest their crops and sell some of their machin[...]utiful hil ls and badlands seen on the 5-day
trip to Montana .
Thei r possessions and livesto ck were taken to the Lismus
Berry from Glasgow . There was too much ice for the ferry to run,
yet not enough to carry the weight of the stock. So the stock was
l[...]were
pull ed across b y the men. It took 3 trips to get t heir pos sess-
ions to the homestead {two wagons on e ach trip) .
A!'ter getting settled they had to drive S miles for wood and
they also burned eage[...]y dug thei r
own well , and were fortunate enough to find water. The government
gave fence posts to t he homesteaders if they dr ove abou t 14 miles
to cut them . Many trees were "Snaked " out of the b[...]besides their own pork and beef. ~rs .
Floyd u se to wa lk to the Denis a r 1 s ne ~rly every day when the
weather permitted , and would look for sage hen nests , to t ake the
e ggs to Car ol .
There was little ent ertain[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (229)[...]Jer e t h ere , but s o0n left . Of course a trip to
Mi les City , 1 00 miles away wa s qui tc an ou[...]hools , but before she
started teaching she had to t ake her rl au<c.". hter to school in a
buggy , but so on she had her ri di[...].
Also on the tri p out, Harry deci ~ed to t ake the folks by t he
Williston Route, inste[...],
as there wa s this very stee p hill he wanted to sho -: them and also
wanted to show them how well his new r- odel •r . would climb i t 9
T[...]l oad of people and belongings . ) Josephine
was to kee p her foot on the brake , harry was to crank the car to
get it started , an d the other two we re to help hold it so it wo uld
not b a ck down the hi[...]to p
The suitc a ses and belongings were carried to the t op of the hill ,
and help summoned to pull the car out . · o one wa s any the worse
f[...]ta rte d farming .
Also s he tol d of the tri r s to Jor rlan in their car and the m y
difficulties encountered when they were trying to bring ou t sup -
plies to l a st for sever a l months .
Abou t 1 925 Josephine married aclc Ginther and moved to his
p l ace 6 mi l es due no rt h of Jordan . Fro[...]dan schools, r;r aduatlng there an d then ~o i ng to ·iles 1J ty to
take her nurses training.
Starting in the[...]er Jack pRssed away in 1954 she moved her h otiSe to Jorda
and lived alone there for a goo d many ye a rs , except for visits
t o I l linois to her n umerous rel a tives there , and to 1 r l7.ona when
her daughter was thee, anrl l qter to California to vi si t her
daughter and family there . Altho u h she h 'l s left her heme in
Illinois in 1904 she continued to make freq uent vis its "b.1ck
home" the la[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (230)[...]ca~e to Montana from[...]where on Sunday Creek for a ti.me, before comin.g to what is now
known as Garfield County. He settle[...]Bud was born in Glasgow after they moved to the Preacher Place.
Later, the Curreys an[...]ut this ti.me. I don't know what
prompted Oscar to buy what was known as the Old Chandler Place abou[...]assed away in early days, leaving Oscar and
Bud to batch.
Oscar was a great practical joker a[...]addled
Old Jack, his favorite horse and came out to help. Thin s had settled down
somewhat, when Jac[...]cause of
a better appetite then.
We used to enjoy Oscar's stories of his early day experi nce[...]my memory isn't that good.
Oscar continued to ranch until he retired in the late 30 1 s when th[...], where they spent about a year, before returning to
Jordan. They resided here in Jordan until[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (231)[...]wa s a d~g-out. The reason for coming,
we hoped to make a home and build a future for our family. We[...]that might be called humorous;
we had been to the school house for a church service, when we
-[...], the children and I were alone as John
went back to Minnesota to thrash, as he had a thrashing machine.
Anot[...]ead in the swill bucket. And as I could not
stand to see the pig die and the meat go to waste I stuck the pig
bled him• hung him up on[...]ut and skinned him.
In 1920 the 2 boys went to school which was held in Ed
Mortons log house. I[...], I have
a picture of them . After that they went to Castle Butte, that
was quite a walk for them. The school was later moved to a
place more ~centerally located, then there only was one mile
to walk.
Castle Butte was a land mark, then th[...]which was further away. For entertainment we used to have
parties and dances at the school house or at somebedys house,
if it was large enough .
We had to carry all our wa ter up quite a steep hiLl. Yes
I am sure that people now a days woul d find it hard to believe
all the thin gs that happened in t[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (232)[...]t up
and take notice; but is no more.
I came to your country in 1918 to file on homestead, and wanted to get
a piece of land to become some value later on in my life; but things[...]ving; and couldn't help -but wonder who was going to buy out the last
one, but it didn't go that far.[...]f the pile that I had ordered and they didn't get to it until the snow cleared
away and little Ford tr[...]t Rock Spri ngs
and you could ride the sled a day to R S and another day to Miles .

My homestead was up the Big Dry about 21 miles and near to Wm . Dutton
residence, little to East. Used to have some good ti~es out there with the
good nei[...]he violin for t hem at the SS and church; and had to be
careful how I turned them down when invited for a meal , as I did not have time
enough to make them all. Wonderful friendly folks, I'll say. I was just west
of the Friel P. o. We used to have some real tests of endurance at the dances[...]home and what I thought was the moon;
turned out to be the sun.
I worked in the bank, three dif[...]ank. He was from near Erie, Pennsylvania and used to go back there
to see his mother. Remember one time when he brought[...]y and it was too cool for it; so not wa nting him to be disappointed; I ot
a coup le sunflower seeds[...]nd had
something in a hurry; and it was real fun to hear him bragg about the tomatoes he
was going to have. He didn't like this too well; but his broth[...]healthy and I
was quite strong; so it was a help to him when he had to stay hO"le sick for a
few days, and I didn't mind[...]ving on
practically every - section of land clear to Jordan, I think.
Might mention that some ti[...]fits started up but did not last long, so we went to
our e-as lampsi .
Might mention that I was[...]Tollefson was one of the board members .
As to amusements, will recall somethi ng was funny . Lo[...]who
lived in the west part; I guess, had started to loss of mi nd or somethine and
her sister was called up from Oklahoma to be with her. She landed in the snow
time a[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (233)dull; so as a last r esort like; we drug Wiege out and went to asking questions,
and it worked very well with an[...]he might tell a lot of
things, that had happened to her, ha. I f fact, it got me a little but it trul[...]you that ~istory"' is slipping away and it needs to be
written up for others to see. Will let thi s stand until the morrow and may
think of more to add .
Night is 'oer and have- thought of a f[...]h was about a mi le north of my place and
we used to have some friendly gathering s t here, and as sai[...]day, having fun; thi s was just north of town.
My how things have changed; used t o take about 4 hour s to navigate to Miles;
whereas now it takes about 1½ hour s to do i t easy:. Times have changed since
fadder was[...]about all of them. Remember when t he Lahns used to,~-run a
freight outfit with a bunch of tea[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (234)[...]by- Pearl Pangburn

We came to Montana in 1915. We camped on our homestead on Ju[...]om shack for S
years.
The kids walked 3 miles to school at Sand School, just south of us, for a
3[...]an oven that my mother used to bake bread[...]d
them to buy food and feed for the horses[...]spells near the top of a hill,by the time he ran to the bottom
of the hill he fell and died. It was costumary to bury the dead animals there.
So we burried the mu[...]with flowers. The weather was hot and we expected to see his feet and legs come
up out of the grave in a few days.
Just before we got to Owl River in the Cheyenne Indian Reservation, my[...]or anythi ng on the horse.
Just before we got to Pierre, South Dakota, ray uncle shot a skunk and[...]three or four families of Indians on their · ay to Pierre
for graduation at an Indian School and the last wagon to pass us had the skunk
hanging on the back of his wagon.
My Uncle stoo e~ near Fkalak~ to work on a fa rm.
We a~·i ved on the· ho~[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (235)[...]c Durch{tt a ~d ,,,;fE. a '1d one son(Lloyd ) cam to Montana and
Garr ie lo ~our t v l' no 1,.n then a[...]·1e machiner.; that they thought they would
need to ~t.art , t h E., drove frcrrt :-iilE:s Ci t.Y on to the Land of Promise north of
of Jore ar. a.nd to Snow Crc E.k . The last of ,-farch /.rs . Johnson[...], camp ing along the way ,
f or I.. or 5 days out to thE. neH r.0~1estead . All the way from Missouri.

The men all workE.d togEther to build log hc dses f o r the two families .
Our Po[...]uso . The next year they mov ed the
school h o se to Snow Creek as by this time there WE.re enoug h pu[...].

e had lon hard wintE.rs but didn't seem to mind . In the summer we
would drive miles for pic[...]he evening . Se emed
there was alwaJs sor;iething to do , along with the hard work .

In 1917 it was a rE al bad year and we moved to Roundup where Mr . Johnson
wor1'ed on a bi ranch[...]nds and hay
haulers . In t he s ring we wEnt bad: to the ho;.1estead . As the ;,'ears passed
morE ho -[...]olayeci and music to pass
and family[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (236)[...]spapers. We were strictly
hillbillies, no running to town -for the movies.
I, Anna, married Claud[...]d on leased places most
of the years until moving to Jordan in 1934. We raised four children, Donald
D[...]tson homestead
until Rol's death and Winona moved to Jordan where she still resides.[...]Dorothy Rath
I will try to go on from where mother left off. After my father Claude
Watson was killed in 1946, my mother moved to Miles City where she bought a
home and later; I b[...]y and in Washington where Reinny, my
husband went to school to learn the Barber trade . Reinny and I were marrie[...]nths old. They live in Jordan and she is married 'to Richard
Clark of Brusett. Carol is working and li[...]youngest of our family is still home r•m happy to say, she
is but a seventh grader so we hope to have her home for some time yet . To
us there is no place like Jordan and good old Gar[...]Hell Creek to Dance 1927[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (237)[...]HISTORY
11:r. Jolin Wil]J_,aa Hensl.eigh came to Garfield Coant,- in 1914 atter
p-anating f'roa Dr[...]I decided to teach there and this[...]sleigh bou.ght a wagon,
tea or hou.ses., supplies to set up housekeeping in Miles Cit7 and coae out
to Jordan 191h. I co e later on the uil stage. We li[...]. year , 1928, ve were hailed out and toot a trip to
Chicago, W1.sconS1.n and Minnesota to Ti.sit relatiTeS•
Dad didn't. know nch ab[...]aade the wrong turn and th•
policeman was going to arrest us., when he noticed the licenae plate, he
told us to get going! This vas also the year ot the dr[...]ich is still at
the ranch.
On year Dad vent to the state fair in Forsyth vi.th his garden pk•o[...]aent of an elevator there.
Bill was married to Cora Weeding, has 3 children. Bill passed[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (238)[...]ton. She
is also a nurse.
George is aarried to Freda Kasper, the7 have 7 children. He has the
ol[...]ool and
High School.
As tolcl. to Mrs. George Hensleigh b7 Mrs. J.w. Hensleigh.[...]r. & Krs . Harry Thomas
f avor ite mount on way to on Golden Wedd[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (239)[...]States. Grass was "Knee Hi gh" and
a railroad was to be built, and the future lo oked very good.
Edwar[...]t Schrump in 1918.
Before going 11 west 11 to Roundup , Ed Ewy had met a young g irl
from Canad[...]e joined Ed in Roundup where
t hey were married . To this uni on a son, Marlowe was born.
In the[...]sh rooming house until living
quart ers was added to the back of the store bu ilding.
For severa[...]ardship . Families by the do zens, left this area
to look for "greener pastures".
So the[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (240)[...]d I. When he got home from the Army, he went back to his farm and bought
the first Binder from Jordan.[...]Hell Creek as he likes to fish, also[...]View neighborhood. Later moved to
Valley Cou[...]She moved to Seattle for 15 year~ and
to good old Jordan, where she married[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (241)[...]gan their voyage at
Rotterdam, Holland, traveling to the land of opportunity, the good old U.S.A.
Afte[...]boken , N.J. and soon were on
their way via train to Miles City, Mont. There they purchased a team of
horses, wagon, lumber to build homes and other supplies . William and family
and Kee Koopman traveled to Butte Creek on the stage. Baan and Mino and Joe
Koopman took to the wagon for a five day trip to Jordan On the evening of
their first days j[...]ie. After uttering a few choice
words, threatened to !teave Baan and Mino to return to Holland. Sometime
along the way he rrrust have ch[...]their destination they destination they
expected to find a renovated house in which to begin a new life, but instead
found a shack with[...]epaired and a reputable appearing abode. Needless to say,
the women-folk were disheartened, but to cheer them Willem built a bon-fire
and brewed a c[...]th the hay became alive with wood-ticks and began to
crawl out on the floors and blankets, not knowing[...]ittle
+,ime there; at least, not more than he had to .
One of the episodes he often recalled an[...]a spike-pitcher
and his hands were unaccustomed to the handle of a pitch-fork; and in spite
of heavy[...]an received his summons from the Queen of Hollard to serve
in the armed forces an~ soon he was on his journey to New York and"·home.
There were others returning to their homeland and when the authorities asked,
1[...]eplies were No . Honest Baan
opened his bill-fold to show he had some of that "green-stuff't to pay his own
fare. HowP.ver, he run a lt+,tle short of r.ash before reaching his destination
and had to sell his shoes , lu~gagE and other u(lo~gings . H[...]tEr six months was granted a three month
furlough to take care of his busine ss venture in Montana . U[...]y unit .
In 1919 Baan was finally at Jihorty to open a store at Brusett for the[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (242)[...]annually , many good neighbors to
'Visit wi[...]people came to him with their squab~[...]g
touches to t hi s career came when a
couple re ques ted him to perform a
wedding ceremony. Th i s, to his est-[...]g jus t a little
too much and he hustled them off to Jordan, thus ending his Justice of the
Peace days[...]y,one of these was from Swift & Co . Baan
decided to stock slabs of bacon, really a treat in those day[...]erving cus t omer~asked "Baan , why do you bother
to get this bacon; you no more then get it unpa cked and you've sold it•.
Guess his idea was to keep the merchandi se in t he store, at least for[...]rted the s tore in Jordan .

God was kind to t hem and t he bus-
iness prospered. I n 1939 the store
was enlarged to its present dimensions .
At present Sterling[...]n, a resistcred nur se f r om
Columbia, S.D. came to Jor dan in Jan . of
193~ to be Supt. of the hospital , than
known as G[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (243)[...]y family and friends
that she would surely freeze to death in Montana,
600 temperature. At that time M[...];1eiy.bers of the faJD;U;r are: · Betty, married
to Harold Hageman and haVP.l their home in Jordan.
T[...]ts at
Montana State University.
Sterling, married to the former Jane Twitchell,
is living in Jo[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (244)[...], Iowa
Maude Pellble and her husband, Alvin moved to Jordan from Greely , Iowa
in 1914. They homestead[...]iles. Mr. Pemble passed
away shortly after coming to Montana in 1916.
PellDlie as she was known to everybody in Garfield County, worked for many yea[...]ostal clerkJ from which she retired and went back to her home town to
livo.
She vas a member of the 8ommunity Presbyter[...]he American Ausiliary in Jordan.
It is impossible to sum up in a few words the many th~ngs and deeds t[...]membered by the children
a.a one who could listen to child talk; serve them teas, or anything t[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (245)[...], Hinkle Morton, met
them there and they all came to what is now Garfield County.
They took up a h[...]ek. They lived there until they retired and moved to Jordan in 1958.
Below; Momn Homestead,[...]d by Bill Baker and Bill ran a freight line to Miles
later by Everett Bowland. City[...]Bill also hauled sugar beets to
Thro[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (246)[...]He came to Montana wi th his[...]came to Dawson County and[...]at Sand Cr eek,
Uall , and St one Shack for close to 30 years to help the meager income from
his small r anch .
In 1929 Fuzzy and Fay were hi rEd to run the wild hcrse roundup, which
was to gather all unclaimed horses in Snow Creek and Hel[...]w Creek and
t he Missouri River. In 1948 he moved to the Del Hubbard place .
School has alway s been rather a · handycap in Gar field County due to the
large ranches and bad roads . Because his nea[...]When the Government bought his homestead in 1934 to serve as . abottom[...]ke he looked for better land but co uld find none to fit h:hs
eye in the way this had, so returned and pur chased more la~d adjacent to
what little he had left of his addit ional 320 a.[...]bred bulls for 8ale . He was active on that
place to the last months when he suffered a stroke[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (247)[...]..
In 1914 my- granddad, Mel Crowder, came to Jordan on the stage from Miles
City ind from his home in Nebraska. He walked from Jordan to Hell Creek. The
first night he spent with the McKinnons, then on the Whitey McPherson's. When
Mel got to McPhersons he f'.ound his father, George Crowder[...]dly recognized him.
Whitey loaned them horses to go to Beebe Bottom and stake out claims. Mel
went back to Nebraska after his family : while his father stayed here to build
a house for them to live in.
I 11 April of' 191.5, Mel and his .w[...]river for 6 years.
Mel freighted from Glasgow to north of' Jordan f'or Gus Anderson.
Mel Crowd[...]ear her husbands; next came Marcia Hale, a sister to Mel, and staked a
claim in the same areaJ Mel's b[...]inia Crowder 1 s
home.
Alice Crowder returned to Nebraska in 1918, but came back to Garfield Co.
and married Slim McKinnon of Hell C[...]e buildi ng of the Fort Peck Dam.
She later moved to Texas and is now married to G.D. Ross. ~he has 2 children,
Jimmy[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (248)[...]ves on a ranch near Fort Peck lake gnd is married to Neil Flint. CeCelia
has 4 children, Robert Cowin who is married to Mary Phipps and lives at
Brusett; LelAnd, ,Gary a[...]s Cowin
Flint.

Mildred Crowder went to Texas with her parents but later returned t o wor[...]d is now ranching north of Jordan. She is married to Francis
Curley Henni~. ~he has 3 children;[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (249)[...]rson. In March of that year he had left
Minnesota to come out to Antler, North Dakota to join his half
brother, Jake. Jake's wife had died[...]Antler that year a group of men got
Jake and Fred to take them out to Montana to look around for new
homestead land. Jake ran a li[...]rnment, and it
would soon come. So they went back to Antler and made ready for
the move.
Fred and Jake decided to make a new beginning too. In Nov.
of 1916 the two[...]. The furniture and other belongings were
shipped to come later. The same men and their families who h[...]d Cat Jack) Ginther. All went well till they
came to Lismas Ferry on the Missouri River. Here they had to
wait for the river to freeze over. The two families camped here
in an o[...]a drinking dipper. Other families arrived and had
to wait.
By the time the party got to Jordan it was too late in the
winter to build, so they spent the rest of the winter at th[...]. Fred and Jake immediately found work. Fred went
to work at Earl Vannoy's general store and Jake went to work at
the flour mill, which he bought later on.[...]furn-
iture never arrived. Aubrey Floyd was hired to bring it from the
railroad, but upset the load an[...]n as the weather was more favorable Fred went out to
work on his homestead claim. This was located[...]out in the summers. There was no water so it had
to be hauled from their neighbors. Some of these wer[...]again, protected by a hill. He worked at odd jobs
to make a living, working with Asa Norman, hauling c[...]ake drilling wells. During the winters they
moved to town and Fred worked as a carpenter, helping~to build the
town hall, and other. bu~lding~.[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (250) A girl, Marlys, was born to them in the town of Jordan in
1918. Thi s baby wa[...]In November of 1920, the family went back to Minnesota for
a wint e r visit. A friend, Mr. Sca[...]tolen from their place, so they never came
b a ck to l i ve. But they did come back to visit with Jake and
fami ly and old friends. On a[...]. On diff-
erent vis i ts here they have'returned to the old homestead site
and collected sourvenirs o[...]and
yards .
Three Little Fellmans and How They Grew
Margie H[...]in the livery business with both
teams and c ars, to take them out there to look it over. Among
these were Paul Baumgartner,[...]overnment, and it would soon come. They
went back to Antler and made ready for the move. Jake and Fred[...]g him with three small children.
Relatives wanted to split up the family and each take one to raise.
But he was determined to keep them together with him. His own
mother had d[...]two
boys and a baby g irl whose ages corresponded to Jake's children,
Phillip , Mar gie, and Edwin. Hi[...]rnitu re, whi ch was shipped, and one Maxwell car to make the
trip . There were f our grownups in the[...]ans with
their little i s i ngl ass windows. Then how snug we werel We foll-
owed wagon roads and t r ails from town to town till we came to
Lismas Ferry on the Missouri River. Edwin kept asking Dad, "When
are we eve r going to get to Montana?" So once when we came to
one of the many gates we had to go thro ugh Dad told him, after te9
went t[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (251) The river was running too much ice for the ferry to cross.
There was nothing to do but camp for awhile and wait. A big log
house[...]It was shared by all who arrived and
were waiting to cross. Dennisars, Bumgartners, and others came.
M[...]nture we had all under-
taken and we were willing to make the best of it. After crossing
the river we kids began to ask, "Which is sagebrush and which is
cactus?" To us the buttes were mountains; we had never seen a
hill. The coulees were something new to us; in Dakota we had
gentle ravines. By the time[...]ime, winter had •arrived.
It was too late to begin building a house so we two Fellman
families[...]were upstairs and had registers
cut in the floor, to l~t the warmth from below come up. One of
our roo[...]nd Ewy's. Ewy's had a big hitching lot right next to
the store where the country people tied their tea[...]busiest street in town.
Jake and Fred went to work immediately, Jake found work at
the flour mill, which later he bought. Fred went to work for Earl
Vannoy at his store. We kids used to stop there on our way home
school, to buy candy from Uncle Fred. Phillip and I began ou[...]he Jordan school system. Edwin was not old enough to
go that first winter. I was in the first grade an[...]t days at school were a n ightma re. It wa s hard
to be that young, and enter a new school, alr[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (252)[...]could get. Nails were scarce too. Everything had to
be hauled by freight teams from Miles City, the n[...]ith heavy blue building paper.
We always referred to it as the blue house. There was no base-
ment or[...]ed it
too well, for soon we were all being choked to death by heavy
black smoke . When we got coal we[...]as always cold, it seemed. Dad had sent Guy Fronk
to the railroad at Glasgow where our furniture had b[...]ee and just went on and left it. So we had little
to set up housekeeping.
When the weather bec a[...]town, but never built a house there. We continued to live in
town as he had to work to make a living for us and we three child-
ren had[...]r years of homesteading Pred and Hattie went
back to their original home in Minnesota.
We grew u[...]ut we never missed one. The whole town
turned out to enjoy them. We never felt deprived, perhap[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (253)[...]s we went barefoot, traveling the hot dusty
paths to t, the store and to carry water. When fall came we were
outfitted wit[...]en my shoes wore
out, there were no shoes in town to fit me. Mr. Ewy ordered a
pair, but I waited and[...]. Finally Dad bought me a small pair of overshoes to wear as
shoes. I suffered agonies of embarrassment at not being able to
remove my overshoes in .the classroom. My schoolm[...]d being said, my teacher did, and
never. asked me to take them off. At last my shoes came and were
a staggering price, but they were worth any price to me. They
were a beautitu1 rich brown and laced well above my ankles. How
I loved them!
During our childhood many bus[...]hauled in huge cakes by sled, buried
in sawdust, to furnish ice for the town during the hot summers.
Once or twice a week ice was delivered to the housewives for their
ice boxes. My boys wonde[...]ach into the
big wooden barrels with his bare arm to get the fat wieners and
dill pickles out of the b[...]clean clothes on the lines. It
was an easy matter to guess the time of day by looking out the
window a[...]irit.
After we got in high school Edwin went to work in the bank
after school hours and Sa[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (254)[...]o
years later Edwin graduated. Dad was very happy to have his goal
accomplished, of a high school dipl[...]d ren. He had had no education and was never able
to read or to write, so he was determined to educate his family
to the best of his ability. His children have always been glad
of the opportunity to grow up in the pioneer town of Jordan.[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (255)[...]ry that it was. I have heard some wild stories of how this
family grew up but through them all runs a t[...]est son and he and David, who was the fourth
born to this family were the first to leave home and come to Mont-
ana. I have often heard people ask Dave how they happened to come
to Montana. He said the gang of boys they used to run around with
would ·sit around in their basem[...]ps and talking
about their future. Montana seemed to be the state that appealed
to most of them. However,' when the die was cast, of the six or
seven who were going to go, only two were in earnest, and those
were Jame[...]ere interested in filing on land.
They were taken to the Jordan country, one hundred miles north of
Mi[...]at the mo~th of Sand Creek. Then they retu-
rned to Miles City. Jim went back to Chicago to his job, but
Dave staye_d in Miles City to await an immigrant car. He often
told me how he felt when the train, with his brother aboard,[...]t imme-
~iately got a job at the Milwaukee shops to keep him busy until
the immigrant car came. When[...]est of the summer was spent hauling his stuff out to the
homestead and getting a shelter built and pr[...]ilroad and gov-
ernment allowed the homesteaders to use at a nominal sum, as an
'fncentiv-; to get families to ~ome west and settle the country.
In this car an[...]livestock in
the car, someone rode in the caboose to take care of it. This was
quite an experi[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (256) In the meantime, after Jim's return to Chicago, his friends
talked him into remaining th[...]e
for promotion on the police force. In order not to lose the
land he had filed on which joined Dave's, he relinquished his
homestead rights to John, the fifth born child of the Sullivans,
who had just reached the age of 21 and was eligible to file.
I might say right here that Jim was never h[...]nal land he had filed on
in 1910 and relinquished to John. Tb.is later became the head-
quarters for[...]years another brother,
upon reaching age 21 came to Montana and filed on adjoining land
in this orde[...]organ, and one older sister Jen, who
was married to Pat McKeigue. Jen hated the cotmtry as much as
her brothers loved it. She could hardly wait to prove up on the
land so they could go back to Chicago. This place also now be-
longs to the Sullivans. Dave,being the oldest brother in M[...]ith living six months of
each year on the place, to :prove u p on the land tc -_get the covet-
ed de[...]r oving up period was decrease41 from five
years to three. This was no big factor to the homesteaders as
they had more time than anyth[...]he tax rolls sooner.
DaYe was the first on e to get married. He and Agnes Harbaugh
were married J[...]ch a large part of the community and always ready to
lend a helping hand in any time of need, often making a fast run
on horseback to get a doctor for a new baby on it's way into this[...]is way out. I remember one time
when a casket had to be made . It was winte r and no chance to ge t
to town for lumber. So Dave took up the flooring, whi ch happened
to be quite new, out of George 's shack and h[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (257)[...]also an important part of the community 1n regard
to the school situation. They were among the first in the com-
munity to prove up on their land and began paying taxes. As[...]ed a school district was formed and Dave help-
ed to haul the lumber out from Miles City and helped bu[...]rk of the dis-
trict.
In 1917 Joe was called to the service. By 1918 both George
and Morgan were[...]hard winters
and drouth, Dave and John went back to Miles City and worked
at the shops during the winter, as the railroads were crying for
help to keep the trains, loaded with troops and ammunitio[...]orge was
really the only one of the boys who went to the ranch full time.
He lived there until his dea[...]e in 1958. Jim, the eldest brothe~, was the
first to pass away. During the last few years both John an[...]ny changes since some of these hardy
folks helped to make this country what it is today. Good roads
ha[...]l and as much as those who made
possible for them to have it. And will they cherish and conserve
it and make as great a contribution to society as their ancestor~
We can only hop[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (258)[...]Murnion

John came from County Do~m, Ireland to Montana in Ap~il of 1912 at the
age of 19. His fi[...]Red1"t
man, who had come from Ireland with John, to the ranch on Crow Rock in a
spring wagon.. Sam only had one leg and when they got to the dugout he dropped
the harness off of the team[...]r the dugout. They asked where they were supposed to sleep. He waved his
a
arm in big circle ar[...]t of a band of 3300 head.

From here he went to work on the Tongue River ditch project south of
M[...]n until August of
that year at which time he went to work for Big Mike Wehinger herding sheep.
From Fe[...]y east of Miles City in 1915. John and Alma moved to the homestead
in November of 191, and went into t[...]s. They resided there
until 1944, when they moved to the location of the present ranch on the B[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (259)[...]and his son-in-law
Martin Derenburger Sr. decided to bring their families and take up homesteads
in Mo[...]They loaded all their belongings they wished to bring with them in a
box car. At that time there[...]men ·who had a profitable business guid-
ing men to land that was available for homesteading . They u[...]rner men and Martin Derenburger Sr. hired a guide to bring
them to Dawson County. They choose their land approxL~ate[...]Derenburger and George J. stayed at the homestead to
staike out their claimes while George Sr. and Arthur returned to Miles City
to bring the families, live stock and household good[...]n and children took turns walking from Hiles City to their new
homes because the wagons were heavily l[...]ound was soft.
Life was not easy and tradigy came to the Derenburger family in August, 1918
when they[...]al here, leaving his
wife Mary Ann and 7 children to survive alone . Life was a continual struggle
with lots of hardships for Mary Ann, but she stayed. to prove up on the home-
stead and with the help of the boys the famil;y managed to stay together.
Virgie passed away in 1955,[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (260)[...]Mrs . Davenport was born in Texas, 1891, moved to .Oklahoma where they
resided from 1901 t o 1915. Winnie grew up & went to school. She became a
school teacher and t aught two terms before coming to Montana in 1916.

Andrew Lee, f ather of Winnie and her brother John and family came to
Montana , where they j oined Jack Lee . They made[...]rt Peck was completed in 1937, t hey were obliged to mov~ ...J?.erm-
antly to Jordan as their land was under water. All the many years·prior to
this they had found it necessary t o put their chi ldren in School in Jordan,
going to the ranch in summers.
To this union eight Childr en were born; six[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (261)[...]wagon, and Charley
Atkins who was helping Bruce to move his homestead which corner-
ed Clem Shaw's)[...]ing the
roughly 30 miles from .Melstone, Montana to Clem Shaw's. Clem
with wife and their little girl[...]'s
place. Charles was an old timer, who, had come to the country in
18~$. He had once rode for the Keg[...]k was bankfull from melting snow, it was too deep to
to cross, , there were several horse-drawn outfits c[...]t. The season was in early April, 1913. So we had toto go down .
I recall that somewhere North of[...]rrow that was running East and west, when I asked
how come, it was explained to me, that a year or so before,there
was a murder committed in that part of the state. A question
arose as to which County should prosecute the case. To settle it
they run a survey along the County line[...]on County. Along this survey was p lowed a furrow to
mark the line. How long the furrow was I do not know.
B[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (262)[...]et me wrong I was no hero, nothing of the
sort . To me the whole thing was a lark, my position was simliar
to that of a di sappointed kid who felt slighted bec[...]o a party.
In December I went into Town to enlist. The re I learned that
the draf t boards woul d not allow this anymore. One just had to
wait his turn. A lawyer friend composed a belly-a[...]for
me. Telling of the trouble I had gone through to get into the
Service . The let t e r mus t have s[...]t o whom it was addressed wrote back and told me
to go to my l oc al draft board and if they ref used to except you,
wire me at once. Ar med with this letter I went to Glendive where
with the ai d of i t, the Draft Board allowed me to join the
United Stat es Ar my on Janu ary 4, 191[...]eive d a torwarded notice
telling me t o re port to my Draft Board on May· fifth for induction
into[...]ure of a lot of those
early Settl ers; brought on to a certain degree by a succession of
dry summers a[...]r Cort left that- area in 1920. He too gravitated to
Spokane , Was hing ton in a few years, he spent t[...]ut
in the fall of 1 944 t o his sons. Bruce moved to Billings,Montana.
He died suddenl y i n June 1945[...]Rut h mar ried Arthur Kincheloe in 1920 and went to
live on his ranch n e a r Melstone, Montan[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (263)[...]led in an automobile accident. My Dad didn't want to start
to work for a new man, so he decided to homestead and try his
hand at raising stock.[...]on County) from a Mr. Dennis who had already been to this
country. He told my Dad that the snow never got very deep, and
the grass was so tal+, · one never had to feed in the winter time.
So Dad loaded us u[...]wagon, and we Aegan
our two hundred mile journey to our new home. My family consisted
of my mother, I[...]st week in June, 1915, and it took us
three weeks to reach our destination. It rained on us nearly
every day which made a rather miserable trip. Mother had to cook
the meals -for ten people on wet wood most of the time.
When we got to Lewistown, Dad told Mother to buy enough food
to last awhile, but since she wasn't used to buying food in such
large quanitities, we began to run out of many items right away.
In the Ro[...]at". My Aunt was taking a walk and not being used to the mud,
she soon found herself sinking deeper an[...]eck of a time pulling her out. Dad later remarked to
Mother that they ttalmost lost an old hen in the mud" that night!
When we got to Mecaha, Mr. Adams helped us ford the Mussell-
she[...]le, we stopped at the farms
and ranches and tried to buy milk and eggs. However, it seemed
as though n[...]prings.
As soon .as we arrived, Dad started to the railroad at Sumatra
to get food and the things we had shipped on the tra[...]nty,
Lenard Malsch, heard we had arrived and came to visit us . Mother
was so embarrassed not tohave any sugar to make some sweets for
our visitor for dinner. It was so nice to see someone from home
that day in a strange country with Dad on the road to Sumatra.
With good weather, Dad would be gone at[...]was covered with a thick layer of dust. Needless to say, we had
a little food with our dirt that day.
Two of the first things we had to do was built a corral to
hold the horses and dig a well. The horses got away from us a
few times and we had to walk several miles to find them.
Our one-room house was fin[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (264)[...].
Bowman was post mistress. The next winter e had to go to Dilo
where Mrs . McGlumphrey kept the post office[...]mistress.
My brothers and sisters started to school at Benzien where
Rolline E. Crane was the[...]and Mrs. Kelly.
Dad made two trips a year to the railroad for supplies.
We had been he[...]lieve in dancing, I didn't have
much opportunity to meet other young people.
We did have ne i[...]k. Walter Pollard was one
of our first neighbors to visit, and was a frequent caller as he
enjoyed p[...]hool of Agriculture in St.
Paul , Minn. and came to Montana with his brother, Vic, in 1906.
He atten[...]arried in
January of 1919. That s pring we moved to the old Gilsky place
where we lived for two years[...]and Sand Springs
schools .
Mother returned to Great Falls with her daughters and lived
with Opa[...]ere living at the Gilsky plac e. In 1921 we moved to the Mc-
Glynn place where we lived until 1929. Ou[...]n occasional cowboy who would stop
for a meal and to warm himself.
In 1929 Emil and I mo[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (265)[...]chools at different times.
Stella is married to Clarence Rogge and they ranch and farm
seven mile[...]prings. They have a daughter Lois, who
is married to Darrell Johnson. They live in Great Falls, where[...]Richard was four years old.
Alice is married to Carl Peterson. They have three married
sons, Larr[...]. Dianna
crosses the Mussellshell River every day to attend school at Ross.

A.bOYes Barke[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (266)[...]andinavian countries in Europe
still had the urge to push onward and pioneer in still another
land, No[...]907, the James Patrick
family came from Illinois, to settle on a homestead near
Hettinger. Edith Patri[...]of excitement that she journeyed with the family to a new
land. The family built their first home of[...]and drove overland with a team and covered wagon, to establish
a home in Dawson County now Garfield. T[...]rs took turns carrying the
mail from Sand Springs to Sidney Hall's homestead. Than the
goverment estab[...]tmast-
er. A man by the name of Coffman was hired to carry mail from
Hibbard twice a week.
~e Nielsens lived on the homestead until 1920, when they
moved to the Judith Basin in the same covered wagon. Two
children were born to them while on the homestead; Leslie and
Aileen. B[...]Bozeman. He served in World War 11. He is married to Blanche
Dunn of Bozeman, they h·a ve three sons.[...]315 W Evelyn
Lewistown, Montana. We would be glad to see any of our old
Garrield County rriends, when they come to Lewistown.
Writte[...]bought them to Garfield[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (267)[...]emote homestead location in Dawson County
(later to be come a portion of Garfield Co.). The homestead[...]and Sumatra were both about the same dist-
ance to the South.
On this original trip the"Sprin[...]arwheels on the wagon,
which the men kept trying to pry off. The progress was very slow.
In th[...]y young-
er sister and myself had much exploring to do. Tb.ere were just
four in our family. The youn[...]e were many buffalo skulls and we gathered
horns to border our flower garden.
That first year was one never to be forgotten. We had taken
a hired man out with u[...]ired man
slept in the wagon . Our groceries began to dvingle so my father
went to a neighbors ranch(we located a water hole so I guess we
weren't too welcome) to buy some groceries if possible. The place
was the[...]oo. So my Father took the wagon and team and went to ·
Sumatra for a load of needed items.
The May equinox storm picked this time to decend in all its
fury, so we ate boiled beets and fried beets and oatmeal and tried
to keep warm burning wet sagebrush. Those were the d[...]Our place was a stopping place for people going to the rail-
road towns of Ingamar and Sumatra from a ll areas North to the
Canadian line. ~ t>[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (268)[...]husband
Kurt Antrim carried the mail from Hazny to Bruce(I think this
name has been changed). There[...]e and
many sage hens.
Our nearest neighbors to the north were a family by the name
of Hethering[...]Among the six horse teams that hauled wheat to the railroads
and stopped at our place were Char[...]Edyth Parks became Mrs.
Victor Nelson, there were to the southwest, Fitzgeralds, Victor
Nelson.[...]y eac~ had stall~
ions, one was a crippled brown. How they would ~fight(,
Southeast of us an old[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (269)[...]THOUGHTS OF YESTERYEAR

I love to sit awhile and muse
And let my thoughts with othe[...]lains a part
Who'eer were true in lives and heart
To whom our hea rts went out in love
Where close we lived to God above.
Where live~ and hearts and thoughts we[...]truly blest. -
We met in singl eness of h eart
To worhip God atd do our part
To help each other on the way
Of life we travelled day by day.
We triea to know affairs of state
And never leave to chance or fate
Our state, our country or our schools
But have our par t in making rules.
A lovely place to be, Oh, yes .
But, oh, the joys you'd never guess
When we did meet from time to time
Those blessed days almos t subl ime.[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (270)[...]n, little daughter, and I,
left Indiana by train to make a new home for ourselves on three
hundred-t[...]. As soon as the shack was enclose~he sent
for us to join him.
We arrived at Sumatra in mid-Apri[...]oking on that trip
certaining ___ :._was noth_.!~ to brag about. However I soon learned that
weariness[...]e a very severe sunburn. Such was my introduction to
our new home which still had neither door nor win[...]-·or- liis f'reig!it~ Between trips he took time to hang the
door and put the windows in the shack, and on his final trip to
the railroad he brought out lumber with which he built a much-
needed addition to our shack. We then "plowed" in a patch of
potatoe[...]entertainment. People crune from
many miles away to attend these events. Some came on horseback but
m[...]One winter evening a sledload of neighbors came to our place
unexpectedly.When the dog barked we went to the door and a chorus
of "We Won'!J Go Home Till[...]no one had been hurt; and this time no one cared to start for
home until broad daylight.
In 1915 the men of our community went to the pine timber, c ut
and hauled po l es,[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (271)[...]in the country and pract-
ically all t rips had to be made in the farm wagon; and no trip,
especially i n col d weathe r , was any pleasure outing. The trip to
t he Edwards p os t of f i ce requ ire d almost[...]n in late af'ternoon and the
thermoneter dropped to 20 degrees below zero. Lan was not home
yet when[...]omehow lost his bearings
and forced t he hors es to go i n the wrong direction. After wander-
ing ar[...]gan work on one j ust as soon as possible. Hoping to find
water more quickly by digging on low ground[...]as very deep and it took many days of hard
labor to fin i s h i t; but finally, after working through[...]good clear water.
Over the year s we had to go through the hard work of digging
more well a s[...]one caved in.
So when a deep - well driller came to our community to put down
wells , we too had a deep well dr illed, close to the house; and
tha t put a wel come end to our well-digging days.
Lignite coal wa s[...]ly al l the i r own coal; but eventually the easy-to-dig
coal beg an to run out and pe opl e began buying coal from the c[...]rou ths or hailstorms,
grass hoppers or dis e ase to damage or destroy crops and our income
was n ever enough to me e t our ne ed s; so a s I had been a teacher
b efo r e my marri age I began to teac h sc hool ag ain. I first acted
as a s ubsti[...]ge Grass , Mont an a , who , I am qu ite thrilled to know, is
St a te Sena tor fro m his distri c t .[...]e arly days of teaching my only way of get t ing to and
f rom s chool was with a hor se and tw[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (272)[...]in our neighborhood, so we were told. I
continued to teach until shortly before our daughter finished[...]s pring of 1925.
But long before cars came to our neighborhood many home-
steaders had tired of[...]try telephones, and my husband's health
beginning to fail, we finally realized that we could not stay on
the ranch much longer. Of course it was very hard to leave the
place where we had put in so many of ou[...]we bought a home in Jordan and in the fall moved to town where
my husband passed away a few years lat[...].eastern
part of the United States, I do not get to see them very often
an d I sometimes fe el very m[...]d wonderful friends here so I feel very
fortunate to be able to live where the air is pure and clear, and
where t[...].ise at front shack- -at'ter several additions to
end of Homestead shack · it-years later[...]'Mrs Nickey use to drive to school (her
Red Butte School Picnic only means of transportation to school)
L011ise Nickey, Carl Weisner Cart was later sold to John Fullbright
Arla Moore, Dorothy Thompson who had no gentle horse to drive so
Mrs. Thompson., Babe Thompson broke a cow to drive
& Babe i"1oore
Garfield County: The Golden Years (273)[...]of sheep. Later we heard that Clem
and wife moved to Brusett, Montana. In the spring of 1912 the
Jenni[...]other Harold, Willis and Willard
Jennings decdded to go to Dawson County and take up a homestead
and get ric[...]nnings since school days in Minnesota we
deci ded to get married. On October 20, 1915 we boarded the
t[...]rried October 21. 1915. In~
few days we went back to our one room cabin a happy bride and
groom. In Se[...]rn, so that meant
building on another room. I had to work out part time to make
a living for the family so went to the Rothiemay country two
stmm1ers and run a stea[...]hing. In
the winter we had sheep and a few cattle to look after.
In May 1918 our daughter Albert[...]old and we
had lots of snow. That Fall I had gone to Dakota to husk corn,
returning just before our daughter Haz[...]hort of feed many families lost cattle, besides a disease
hit some of the herds. My wife and Kiddies were a[...]e a month
with pot-luck dinners and we don't want to forget the dances.
We didn't have the best floors[...]Every one took
t heir children and they would go to sleep as the dances lasted
till the wee hours of[...]as from
McTwiggan by way of the Alice Post Office to Sumatra twice a week.
Also there were private mai[...]y as some of the people had a grocery
list for me to take in and have put up, then they would meet me[...]yed there until the Spring of 1923. Then we moved to
Winnett where we could put the children in school. In the Spring
of 1938 we came to Idaho ,our present address. During all the[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (274)[...]of sheep. Later we heard that Clem
and wife moved to Brusett, Montana. In the spring of 1912 the
Jenni[...]ther Harold, Willis and Willard
Jennings deedde d to go to Dawson County and take up a homestead
and get ric[...]ennings since school days in Minnesota we
decided to get married. On October 20, 1915 we boarded the
t[...]rried October 21, 1915. In~
few days we went back to our one room cabin a happy bride and
groom. In Se[...]rn, so that meant
building on another room. I had to work out part time to make
a living for the family so went to the Rothiemay country two
sunnners and run a stea[...]hing. In
the winter we had sheep and a few cattle to look after.
In May 1918 our daughter Albert[...]old and we
had lots of snow. That Fall I had gone to · Dakota to husk corn,
returning just before our daughter Haz[...]hort of feed many families lost cattle, besides a disease
hit some of the herds. My wife and Kiddies were a[...]e a month
with pot-luck dinners and we don't want to forget the dances.
We didn't have the best floors[...]Every one took
t heir children and they would go to sleep as the dances lasted
till the wee hours of[...]s from
McTwiggan by way of the Ali ce Post Office to Sumatra twice a week.
Also there were private mai[...]y as some of the people had a grocery
list for me to take in and have put up, then they would meet me[...]yed there until the Spring of 1923. Then we moved to
Winnett where we could put the children in school. In the Spring
of 1938 we came to Idaho,our present address. During all the.[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (275)[...]tion a s hor t distance from here that he would
s how us, and we could pla c e a squatter's filing noti[...]ring us that if anyone wo ul d be .foolish enough to try to
jump the claim during our absen ce he would take care of that
little chore. We decided to wait and look over some othe~ sec-
t ions or the[...]l decision. The storm
had cleared and we prepared to return to Melstone, telling him
of our appreciation for his[...]ions.
He had also saddled his horse and was about to leave for his
daily range riding circle c hecki n[...]onc di s appear over a small butte. We ret-
urned to Lewistown to resume our jobs, deciding we would wait
until later in the year to l oc ate a homestead. We communicated
with a ranc[...]hree of us met t hi s land locator and he took us
to the Calf Creek district, not .far from the N-Bar[...]. With every other s ec t ion having been alloted to the
Northern Paci.fie railr oad, our f inal selec[...]ded wagons
and dirt roads it took us several days to reach the homesteads.
There working together the[...]batching on a homestead commen c ed . We were off to an optimistic
start, with being required to live on the place several months
each year and holding down jobs t he balance o.f the year to raise
funds for buying additional horses, harness[...]se days, such a weekly hors eback trips 18 mi les to Mosby for
mail, (later Sand Springs); of gumb o ro ads on trips to railroad
stations at Ingomar, Sumatra and Mels t[...]ri ences, and
many more, were only too well known to t hose p ioneers of early
homeste ading days.[...]ith Germany. In the Fall of 1917 a ne ighbor rode to
Ingemar with me. There I took a train t o join mi[...]the following day he led my saddle hors e b a ck to the home-
stead and turned him out on the[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (276)[...]confiscated by this
country from Germany, enroute to England. We landed at Liverpool
on Christmas Eve,[...]morning for our first glimpse of France,that
was to become our "home" for many months.
With the war, hopefully thought to end all wars, at an end,
I returned to Montana in March, 1919. Shortly after getting
back I rode on the stage from Sumatra with a Mr. ·Kreider to Sand
Springs, and then on to the homestead to see if things had chang-
ed much. They had. So mu[...]ge I never saw again. Not
having much inclination to make a new start, and realizing the
urgent necessity to g.e t back on some payroll again, the curtain
was drawn on homestead days, and so back to civilian life and the
necessary job.
No doub[...]ments
and many other factors became too difficult to make a living,and
moved on to more promising areas. Many of those homesteads have
again reverted to the original use that Nature had alloted t[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (277)[...]nally came from England in 1900 and settled close to
Lewiston Idaho where he worked on wheat farms. Du[...]h his mother, brother, sister and several cousins to the Steve's
Fork. Summers were spent working the[...]l Ballentine in Idaho and they took the train out to
Ingomar where they hired a car, one of the first in the county, to take them out
to the homestead. Life was quite complete without mu[...]s blacksmith
and garage. Betty and Bob were added to the family.
In 1928 the Steve's Fork Cemetar[...]1932 he bought his first Angus bull and continued to raise Angus throughout
t he years and sinc[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (278)[...]Mr. & Mrs. Wheatcroft came to Montana in[...]a
half day to round up the horses so they[...]1
I have been asked to write a history of our family ( Abe Jarden s) and when
they first crune to Garfield County.
Our family hasn't be~n here as long as some but I guess long enough to be
considered !Qld .Timers".
When our father first came west from Illinois, h~ went to Beach, N. Dak.
where he had friends. who he had k[...]believe this was in 1913.
In 1914 he decided to homestead some land in Montana. He first went to
Shelby, but the land there was all taken, so he decided to come around Jordan.
He took the train to Circle and on the train he met Charles Campbell,[...]Then the:r walked from Circle to Jordan, which took
the11 about two days0[...]w stands. In the fall he would go bake near Beach to work as a
harvest hand.[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (279)[...]ie Krug were married in Wibamr; and came
out here to live. ~he had come from Michigan two or three yea[...]of two rooms. It has been altered and added on to a great deal since
then .
The road pa,t our[...]al for
peopl~ on horseback and sometime s on foot to stop and ask to stay all night.
As f aL as I know no one was ever turned away.
I those days most of the freight came to Ingomar and Sumatra and had to be
hauled out by team and wagon. Mother and Dad h[...]ut from
Sumatra that way.
I have been trying to think of some incident to make the history more int-
eresting. I remember M[...]night as there were very few fences
then. Dad had to be away and Mother had shut the cows up for the n[...]the highest part of the corral. She couldn't get to the gate
bec quse the water was aeeper there, s:, she took an ax and chopped the corral down
to keep the cows from drowning.
Of course there[...]ave up and moved away.
There isn't much more to tell. The t hirtie;;_, -.1 of course, were hard t[...]Schools when there was yet Dawson County
and used to make trips out here to Jordan with a horse and buggy.[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (280)[...]as eight years old.
Margaret Herron signed up to come to Canada as a domestic helper when she
was twenty-four years old. Tow girl friends also wanted to come over, but
backed out at the last minute and wouldn't sign up. In order to come to North
America two responsible persons had to sign a statement of recommendation and
Margaret o[...]r and Wm. Morrison of
Six Road Ends. She also had to have permission from her father and obtained
it when she convinced her family that her mind was made up to sail to the New
World. Margaret was the first girl from her town to come to America with no
friends or relatives to meet her upon her arrival.
On June 7th, Marg[...]ool on the "Virginian", a mail boat.
She came to work for the Liffitons of Lachine, Quebec at $12[...]he Fair in Toronto and then came with Mrs.
Keeler to Kansas City, Missouri. Mr. Keeler worked for Miss[...]$2.50
per week.
Iff June 1910, Margaret came to Melstone, Montana where she worked for Mrs.
Grant[...]Her brother, Wm. (Butch) Herron, had already
come to Melstone about a month before Margaret arrived.[...]the 29th of November, Margaret Herron was married to Bruce Allen
Dutton at Miles City, Montana. After[...]Gates Place. In March of the year 1912
they moved to the Greening place. In May, 1912 they moved from the Greening
place to Margaret's homestead near Alice post office.
To Bruce and Margaret Dutton were born seven childre[...]the 29th of November, Margaret Herron was married to Bruce
Allen Dutton at Miles City, Montana. After[...]shell riverc,r. on the Gates place ( this belongs to Jess
Shaw now). In March of 1912 they moved to the Greening place. In May of 1912
they moved to Margaret's homestead near the Alice Post Office.
To Bruce and Margaret Dutton seven children w[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (281)[...]Right: Mary E. Shaw

L. to R,: Cort Dutton, Bruce A. Dutton
H. c. Shaw, boy[...]isy B. Dutton
Henry c. Shaw (1887-1950) came to this country about 1900. He worked for
the 79 ran[...]oe Dutton ranch buildings are). 1 hey traded this to Billy Dunn for his
homestead on mile south of Mos[...]7 in Miles City Veteran's Hospital. He was marri~
to Laura Ferch and has one son, Craig, who li[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (282)[...]season at the head of
Long Coulee (Creed's Coulee to old-timers, according to the mont-
ima brand inspector at the Chicago stoc[...]the trip out from Sumatra was
pleasant, at least to the youngest of the party, who writes this,
& luckily the fall was open enough to allow sod houses and barns
to be put up before winter; as well as getting in five trips to
the railroad for belongings shipped there by immi[...]-
in of the last load. (Let me say here in regard to how my mother·
took the hardships of those times", T[...]hat any more~ and I imagine many in thinking back to those days
will join me in that. When ones like t[...]try has lost a lot.)
The three Donohoe Bros. to the south were the only settlers
adjacent to the claims. Shorty & Les Benson some four miles
s[...]half-brother Frank (Ray) Myers, whose claims lay
to the north & west. Coming into the area at about t[...]ers, Pete Olsons and Given Mustoes had
come along to increase the size of the Idaho colony.
The f[...]oma,Washington. Leslie, who took a claim adjacent to
that of our parents, volunteered for service in W[...]of the war. The other two remained
on the claim, to which a fair amount of hand was added thu the
years, until returning to Idaho with our mother in 1935; Dad
having passed[...]scattered, there being many handkerchief armbands to denote the
1 ladies' at the country dances. Between the Dry & Steve Fork &
to the east of the road running north from Ed[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (283)[...]ger at Red Butte
than anybody else. Others coming to mind are Armin Jahr and
Elizabeth Leslie, with on[...]vide; . at least no t from even with Edwards
down to even with Smoky Butte. And thus ends the s[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (284)[...]ons for the one
year, this was when a teacher had to send in her applic a tion for
a school, bu[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (285)[...]e widow
had come to prove up on the claim. For awhile[...]Vivian, the older girl went to Lewistown
to business school and then taught the Van-[...]erms, later
going to Kansas City, Missouri, where she was[...]led, and Ton.
went to the Bright View School for a short
time, but mainly they went to school winters
in[...]rse-back and
going to country dances. There were plenty[...]cactus
and dreams of the days when he first came to the Big Sky Country.[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (286)[...]y Oliver Kepler's residence in Montana dates back to
1892 when h[...]for a Post Office to Perry o.
Ke[...]his place of residence to be
called K[...]t 28,
1891. To this union four[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (287)[...]rfield
County, I thought it would be approperate to have their story
printed in the anniversary book[...]the first
person as tha t seems the easiest way to do it. Since time is
short, I will be unable to compare dates and events with my
brother, Floyd,[...]he c ouldn't remember him at all. His mother hau to go to work to
su pport the family, so an ol der sister took care of him most of
the time , and as he used to say, seemed more like his mother than
his real mother did. At the age of six the family moved to Iowa
to live and l ater to Eastern Nebraska along the Pl a tt river near
Cu[...]er then and they told about him .bringing a pples to school for
her . Then hi s f ami ly moved f arther down the river near Louisville
and her family moved to Murry so they didn't see each other for
several[...]J an . 3, 1905 . The spring of 1906 they decided to go west to
Montana where all this free land and wide open countary was to be
had for t he t aking . Dad 's brother, Pete, w[...]lived there with the
Tandys for a while. We came to Miles City by train and on out to
the Jor0.an country by team and wagon.
At[...]spring of 1907 mother returned
with we t wo girls to Ne bras ka to be near her folks when my brother
Floyd, w[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (288)[...], was born Feb.
12, 1910. Mother and we kids went to Miles City to live for twc
or three months un_til the happy eve[...]City. Of course in those days,
women seldom went to the hospital for the birth of their babys.
So the[...]ent at our house, we three kids were
sent outside to pl·ay on the ice pond. It wa sn't too warm, I
remember, either, but we were to stay there until they called .
us. It was all very mysterious to us ~ and we couldn't under-
stand why. Eventually[...]running sheep during
these years. Aunt Ethel came to Montana in January 1910 just
before Violet was bo[...]remember ever now and then the herd-er would come to the ranch
house for a change of :pace. On o":o.e:[...]mother found that we kids:; a11 · had head lice. To get
r!d of them, she scowered our heads with a ke[...]Imagine the job with Nora and I having long hair to our waists.
It got the job done however. Life was[...]was by horse drawn wagon or horse back.
Needless to say we didn 1 t make many unnecessary trips into[...]ay nite, my father was away from home, mother
had to do the . chores outside of course, she was milkin[...]e
was heated on the wood r an ge. Nora and I were to get the bath
water in the wash tub. While pouring[...]er over both of us. She went run-
ning and crying to tell mother. Of cou rse she thou gh that Nora
was[...]ed. all the skin off the top of my foot.
Needless to say I had a very bad burn·, and it took sometime for
it to heal, I still have the scar. There was no doc t o[...]was a big hill
back of our house, I went up there to play in the dirt and sat
d own in a big black an[...]at of different kinds. My father went out one day to get
an antelope. He was a very good shot w[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (289)[...]t and tle thought he
had n o t hit one. leedless to s ay , we h ad me at for a while. Well,
thi s is[...]of 1910, mus t
have beel,l, Nora wa s ol d enuf to st ar t to school. 1'he re be ing n o
school closer than do[...]en di ng school during the
wint 1 • Bu t to p: et b a ck to the first day of school, I W R S a lways
the s h[...]as st i ll p l a ,r~u e d
wi th i. t when I went to High Scho ol i n Jordan . I was fi[...]re in the ten t
e tc. t h e second year we went to s cho .- 1. I d on't r emember of ever
having ni[...]ool, it wa s always 5 or 6, b u t we man ag-
e d to compl ete the st1·die s.
After the lan[...]nc. .)e ople had t o fiilie on the
land in order to ho l cl it , my fa ther file d on a piece[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (290)[...]ust one room. The neighbors came in and help-
ed to lay up the log~·-.. A few years later another room about the
same size wa s added, known to us always as "the new partr This
is the house complete where they lived to the last, except for a
small f~ower room which D[...]old second hand Jeffry. I remember I was scared to death to ride
in it, expecially around corners. The new r[...]was the intertainment then and it -wasn't from
10 to 12, but fr om dark until daylight. Many even stay[...]e young men thought he knew
which basket belonged to· a gal he was fond of, the sky was the
limit to get it, as the baskets were auctioned off. I reme[...]was go-
ing for a very -good cause. I would like to say ri ght here I have
never known a stingy scotc[...]you would never know anywhere.
Mother and Dad use to play for these dances. Mother chorded on
the org[...]ayed the fiddle.
They went all around the country to play for dances, 15 or 20
miles away. Sometime? we kids got to go along and other times we
stayed home alone, no baby setter, of course we were old enuf to
take care of ourselves. If we did go, we were pu t to bed at mid-
night, ei t her outside in the wagon, or on the benches along the
walls. A, trip to Jordan was a real treat for us. The folks
would have t o go to town about once a week for staple groceries,
all[...]t of the
time and never.:11'ailed, I don't think, to find something new as
intertainment while they we[...]i ding it, which we did of cou rse by snubbing it to
t he old gentle saddle .horse. Maybe we would climb on t op of the
house which we weren't allowed to do when the folks were home.
One time Nora and I[...]urely come when
t he folks got home, s o in order to ease the shock I told them
bef ore t hey had a chance to see her. She was gone to drive in
t he milk cows. We r eally gave Floyd a[...]wn, or
lock him outside t he house. No one around to straighten us out.
J13
Garfield County: The Golden Years (291)[...]g the hard years
hen money was scarce my dad had to get out and work away from
home, which left moth er to take care of the ranch, cattle etc.
By thi s time we kid s were old enuf to help out and did all the
riding to look af t er the cattle. Mother s pent many anxio[...]e getting
home as I had been given a 11 bum lamb" to bring home EU!.d was about
5 1\~~ fr om home, so[...]. She was s ure I was hurt
so111e plac e and went to get help to look for me. I returned un-
hurt, but with a good[...]he work on
the ranch, but both she and dad seemed to take it all in stride.
As I s tated, father h ad t o work out for cash to make ends meet,
one of h is activit i es was frei[...]s . all
along. They must have · asked a neighbor to do the chores while we
were away. This was a neig[...]ey fit because we didn't
want t o wait f or t hem to be exchanged. Dad had a shoe last and
woulu r eso[...]wear them. Well, this
ti.me on the freight trip _to Miles City, I had asked if I could
have s ome new[...]ngs a person will remember. O~e
other time we ~ot to Mi les City was the big Fourth of July cel-
ebration, then called a "roundup", in 1914. Father was to be in
Mile Ci t y on one of hi s fr,tght trips so hired Dr. Battin to
take t he rest of the fami ly down with his car.[...]t ires on that t r ip i n and it took us all day to go,of course
just a two f urrow road up t he old[...]ement
hen Dad got a light spr ing wagon f or us to travel places like
this An other occasion was a t Chris tmas t ime when we had planned
to g0 to Jordan to Thomas ' but the weather t urned very cold Of
course Dad didn' t want to take us out but we put up such a funs
that he fin ally gave in to us and s aid "OK, we will go, but · ii' I
hear,[...]of y ou about b e ing cold , the di ckens will be to
pay We went bu t befor e we got s af[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (292) that. We still got cold and poor Dad n~u to walk most of the
way home to keep from free~ing. Another ou ting we use to have
was getting a group together and making a trip to the Missouri
River to fish. By this time other relatives from the east[...]agons and camp outfits and took off
for the river to stay f'or about a week . 'I'hese were lots of fun[...]There
was a crew of men who went out every spring to shear sheep all
around the country which would l[...]ter we kids were all gone from home, he cdecidedl to try
r l:nning sheep a g ain along with the cattle[...]the summer of' course . Several winters they had to
move away fr om the h ome place to winter the sheep as there was no
feed there. One time they went to Fairview in eastern part of
Montana where beet to ps were available for feed, another time over
sou[...]t getting any younger, so sold them.
He went back to the h eme p lace and stuck to raising cattle and
farining. During the years whi[...]h the relatives or maybe one of them wou l d come to our place
and take care of us . By Mother moving to J ordan and doing baking
and washing for other people, they manage d to put us all thru High
School. Nora to ok one year at the University in Mi ssoula and I[...]are all marrie d now and have our own life story
to tell.
Nora is working at the McCord Air Ba[...]ed as
depu ty County Treasurer fr om fall of 1925 to spring of 1931 also
spent twelve years workin,r_:[...]na Dakota Ut ilities Co. in
Mile~ City f'rom 1950 toto live with Dad on the ranch for
8 or 9 years and[...]t
from Dick Capweli so Dad would have more s pace to r un his cattle[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (293)and was near to heln the folks with the work. Later they bought
t[...]had bought and run a few head of cattle from 1948 to
1950 when he wen t back to work for the State Highway. We're still
with the Highway but he expects to retire in March, 1970, and live
in our comfortabl[...]ly got her
into Jordan whe re s he was admit t ed to the hospital. She got no
better and f inally Dr .[...]und she mu st have an operation,
she was too weak to make · t he trip to Miles City, so the surgeon
came to Jordan . She j u st wasn't strong enuf t o stand[...]year
with Dad on the ranch. Then Floyd came back to be with him.
He took life a li t tle easier for t he next seven years •with some-
one there to do the heavy work . He spent as much t i me fishi[...]remaining days on the
ranch tho whe re he wante d to live. We tried to get him to sell
o ut and move into Jordan where h e wouldn!t[...]of t he stock but he always said, "If you want me to die,.
just take me off the r an ch wher e I have nothing to kee p me bu sy".
On June 12th, 1957 as f was preparing to go to Missoula to make
arrangement s for our oldest daughter's wedding which was to be
the 15th, we re ceived word that he was seriously ill with a heart
attack . We ~ent di rectly to Jor dan, but he was gone when we got
there. I kno[...]ey left it all. Now I know
this story is _similar to a lot of others dur i ng the early ·1900 1 s,
but thought people might l ike to know s ome of the pleasur e s,
troubles an[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (294)[...]he first postmistress at Sand
Springs. There came to be five children in that home.
A few years[...]Kreider, Bless him, from Sumatra.
From 1932 to 1939, most of the time, I worked at the Court-
ho[...]am called him for 5 years. Then back in Feb.
1947 to this .homestead his mother had, and we are[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (295)[...]shipped Papa, the saddle horse back to
here. He was too good a horse to stay
in[...]eddy got M.S. She loved
horses as I do and used to break her own
saddle horses . Even after she could just
walk with help I used to lift her on a
saddle horse and she would ride. After
she became bed fast we u sed to bring
h orses, ponies and colts i nto the house
so she could pet them. Teddy's son
Larry was wonderful to his mother 9 He
.was_ so good about waiting on h[...]Garfield County is the best place
in the world to live ~nd t hat it has the nicest people li[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (296)[...]In the spring the family came by sheepwagon to the Spring
Creek area where we lived for awhile. ·Later we moved to the o~d
John Viall place on the Big Dry. People i[...]the family have lived in this vicinity since. ·1 how have
my Mother's homestead with my holdings. Duri[...]d Roy, also a son,
Charles, 1n Scotland. Needless to say all the boys had to work
out or at home and the girls helped with the younger children, the
gardening and all in order to make a living for such a large
family. We had good times too. A few of us were musical which
added to our fun.
My first year of school was dpent[...]ert
and Margaret Bensen, and Alice and Glen .Durl to mention a few.
Some of us had to wor~ in the spring theretore taking more than
eight years to get our eighth grade diplomas. Believe it or·
no[...]grade.
In 1917 at the age of eleven I went to work lambing for
Talbert Finlyson. That fall alone I trailed lambs to the Coil
pl ace near Cohagen and took ewes back h[...]r days at a time. That was bad too as
we listened to coyotes, fared blizzards and the possiblli[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (297)[...]when he knew a wolf' was following him and he got to the
wagon and spied Mr. Wolf in the coulee behind[...]wagons with
lunches. The men would then ride out to try and track down and
shoot the wolves. To my knowledge the last wolf' was taken out or
this[...]as breaking up on
the Big Dry so BIG ME was going to check the crossing when all
or a sudden horse and[...]homes such as the Jack
Osborn home. These we went to by wagon or horse back. Music
was usually donated and needless to say young and old danced till
daylight. I maybe c[...]ncing down through the years.
We didn't have to read in the papers- or stock rustling,
stealing a[...]roceries home
after the CAttle had been delivered to Miles City. How we young
kids waited ror the men to return as a long stick or licorice was
such a tre[...]or flannel and lots of thread and
necess~ry items to make the winter clothes. I don't want to for-
get the black sateen, too.
Durin[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (298)[...]I still
have i t i n my hold ing s. Later I took to shee p shearing with oth~
ers : Johnny McKnigh t,[...]wa rd Viall and Guy Madison. We went
t o r anches to she ar a s well as the old U-All shearing pens on[...]Bu ick and Charlie Forbes wi th a Dodge. Needless
to say e very eye was on them wondering when mo re o[...]heir
youn g ster s wo~l d have in the near future to replace the old.
Houses we re also ge t ting much[...]ends came fr om f ar and near for a log roll-
ing to hel ;> g e t t he hou se up faste r . Women and child ren also
went bearing lots of f ood and to h e l p if they coul d . Children
scampered i nto[...]one through
the years . Men als o went from fa rm to farm for threshing.
I 've s pent all bu t[...]another news
item i n: "John Kerr, once referr ed to by this pa per as the
'Hermit of the Badla[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (299)[...]r Thomas place -1947
Standing- L.to R.: ,
Maggie Whiteside, Jim Kerr,[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (300)[...]Helen Hammond Gibbs
I am going to wr ite a few lines and memories about some of
my[...]the same area.
Jack & Bill y Milroy came to Montana from Scotland in the
late 1890 1 s. They[...]e, had
joined hi~ here in 1899. They then moved to Taylor Creek for a
short time and then Jack Milr[...]the rest of their life. This ranch still
belongs to his f amily.
In 1905 Bill y & Jack 's s i ster, Mrs. Charles Kerr & her family
c ame to Mil e s City fr om Scotland and in 1906 or 1907 moved out to
the Big Dry country . Thi s ranch still belong s to the Kerr child-
ren and Harry Ross now own s the[...]e t i me are; John i'1 cKerlick,
who is mar 2ie d to Billy Milr cys dan.ghter, Nr . & Mrs. Reg Billing[...]Br oughton's father carried the mail
from Terry to Jordan. My Mother, Nellie l'lilroy Hannnon[...]t
office on Powder Ri ve r . · They then mo ve d to a place close to the
old Hat x Ranch on Timber Creek. He and his broth er went to a
school whi-ch w;:i.s held in t he bunkhouse on[...]Jhad as a teacher, Miss Dalton, who wa s a sister to tt.e famed Dalton Brothers •.
They move cl to Flat Creek a few years later whe r e he &[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (301)[...]fe's i ll he a lth
t hey sold the ranch and moved to Jordan.
Roy Gibbs is another oldtimer who[...]people came f ~om so far away that they never got to
see their o ld h ome s again. After so many year s had gone by, and
they were able to return for a visit, all ties we r e gone a[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (302)[...]21, 1890 alld
died Novemb€r 1947. He came to Montana in 1912 and homesteaded in what
is now ea[...]as moved about

Jim & Ollie DeBock

six miles to its present site
with f' ourteen horses. Neighbor[...]nd furnished some
of the teams of horses. It
had to be moved across Timber
Creek over which there was[...]Jim's Log Shack
bridge. It took five or six days
to complete the trip.
Jim raised sheep, some c[...]isconsin in 1895 and died in Nov.
1954. §he came to Montana in 1914 to visit her brother who had homesteaded
twelve mile[...]. She taught school in Wisconsin before
coming to Montana.[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (303)[...]tlers. This type of "Character" didn't do so
much to build up the county but did add to the color and adventure down
through the years.[...]of the brothers were College men. Joe went to
about the ninth g[...]off at 18 for cruelty to horses. His mother[...]changed
his name to Joe Cobb. He took "borrowed"
horses to Canada during this period.
Joe came to the Yellowstone Ranch at[...]shooting as he went. He rode from Terry to
a place in Easter[...]e always referred
to as College, twice for "borrowing horses" and[...]boy in the George family 0

Jimmy told how he, Jimmy came to Montana. Joe had bought a new
Terraplane in Chicago and got to Washington, D.C. Joe called Jimmy to come
and get him. as he had no driver's license. Jimmy pulled Joe from D.C. to
Arlington, Va. then Jimmy brought Joe to Montana in the new car in 1934.
Jimmy has run the[...]from the Bible. He said that he studied the Bible to
try to f i nd a passage sanctioni ng the t ype of lif e[...]As told by Jimmy George, Brockway, Montana to
Kathleen Edwards[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (304)[...]by Delpha Armstrong
William Milroy came to this country from Scotland in 1894
when he was 17 years old. He arrived in New York and traveled by
train to Glendive. He had heard of this open west and had[...]nch was ne ar Wibaux,
Mont ana and later he moved to this area near Taylor Creek.
He was here to see the old west with all of its rough
Hombres t'~de into the past, and to see a new era of automobiles
and electric machine[...]ng the West. One d ay Jessie and his gang rode
in to his sheep camp and ate dinner with him in his sheep wagon
on their way to Minnesota, where he found out l a ter they had
ro[...]ther
Jack Milroy.
Miss Margaret Cluckey came to join Bill and they were
married in 1900. Margaret[...]"Last of Ten 'J;1housand 11 and sent it back east to his boss to
portray what a bad winter and heavy loss they had[...]re was passed around the country for the ranchers to see.
The family grew to 7 children, Bunnie, Minnie, Margaret,
Bill[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (305)[...]none on the
market which suited her, she decided to make some of her own.
She rented her farm, came to Des Moines, set up an experi-
ment i ng shop. Fro[...]managed her shop.
Her son, Edwara came out to Montana in 1913, to make his
fortune. After hearing stories about the wonderful country.
He wrote his mot her wanting her to come. Being the kind of
woman she was, she decided to come west with her daughter,
Marg13.ret. They hom[...]ng long dresses. She made many friends and
tried to help her neighbors when ever she could. Her neigh[...]nd the Paris Post Office.
Her son Ed tried to farm the land but do to lack of rain
fall had many crop failures as did o[...]and
Earl Hastings, with their three children came to live with them.
Do to poor health Earl had to come west. He worked for wages
for his brother-in[...]ssed away.
Her daughter Margaret returned· to Des Moines, Iowa and Nrs.
Earl Hastings took her daughter Eloise and moved to Jordan •
Mrs . Has tings worked as a cook at th[...]gic deaths. but she always had a smil~ and
tried to help other people. He r health gave out an[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (306)[...]B. Wichershams
My father and Mother came to Garfield County sometime before
Mrs. Bateman, who[...]d on our cattle and other animals.
We had to ri de horseback 3 miles to school with six gates
to op en . The log school house at the "Liberty Scho[...]en around for many mi l es. It took us until noon to get
warm by the big stove before we could study. We had fun though.
Our sport in the winter was to remove the "t eeter-totter"
board an d put wa t[...]t was more fun, of
course, if the boys were there to catch us.
One hot summer day a rattle-sna[...]b e tween the ro ck found a tion. We were afraid to go to bed
b e cau se it sound like he wa s just under o[...]day and he set a trap so when the snake
c ame out to sun himself, we caught him.
We enjoyed going to Phon to church (8 miles). Reverend Will-
iam Johnson came out from Jordan to preach. We started out early
in the mornin[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (307)[...]~ent land under the enl arged homestead
law prior to her marriage. In the fall of 1916, and in May ,19[...]an adjoining . -half-section tract as additional to
her original homest e ad entry. The original and[...]llowed entry, Mrs. Ba tem3.n i.7'E ce application to
make final proof on the entire section. As stated[...]n allowed and entrymen are now receiv-
ing notice to that eiJ:Vect from the United Sta tes land office[...]pendit-
ure o:f at $1.25 per acre · conductive . to the raising of livestock.
As soon as entrymen get[...]proofs.
Now this imformation will help you to know the diffulty of
getting into Jordan to the proofing up on the section.
The day ar[...]at that time. We st arted early and the team had to
wa lk most of the time. It was mi ghty slow going as the ruts in
the road were deep. The distance was .close to 30 miles . Yes ( - and
our baby boy in t he baske[...]nd freezing hard and Worth remarked~' I will have to get
the team s hodded b efore we start home.n So the first thing we
did,,wa s to go to the Black-smith Shop to have our team ready for
our trip home. Then we went to the Land Office; Mrs . Parker was
i n charge. We[...]ed-tape of prooving up on the
l and; so t hankful to have this section for stock. It was a big
pasture[...]amp Creek. Supolies were bought and we were
ready to make t he trip home. It had really turned cold bu[...]ra zier Cre ek we stopped in at the Thomas pl ace to feed the
b aby; as I nurse d my children. These T[...]nd coffee but Oh~it tasted good . They
a s ked us to stay t he night but No! Worth had his stock to feed
and Olin had fe edi ng to do tO() waiting on hi m in the morning,[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (308)[...]y dark by now and
traveling was ro ug h . We ha d to let the team walk. If they would
start to trot al ong in places; we woul d j ump off i nto[...]e. Yest
three more miles an d it wa s gettj,._n g to be 20 degrees below zero
n ow and Worth and I cli[...]e wagon and walked from "gate
a t top of:' divide to home; and our preciou s h aby, the basket all
cov[...]ld climb in the wagon at times
and check the baby to see if he was still warm; not cryi ng tho;
bu t pretty cool. Worth s aid I could put the baby inside my coat
to warm him up if:' he gets too cold. ,Welll by this[...]n
he ater and we were home. We were very thankful to the good Lord
that the faithful. team brought us safely home. Thankful to have
th i s section of land after those three yea[...]eman~
left Garfield County; we sol d this section to Karl Carlson.
Last Buffalo[...]1921. This lone wolf had don e l e ts of dfu~age to the
Stoc krnep. He had ki l led several calves an[...]killed a yearling colt ri ght in a pasture close to the
homestead house of Barry Owens. The elderly M[...]son's homestead. One morning early he walked down to
the Bateman's ranch, saying "Bateman, Please! take time and trap
t hat wolf. He has the nerve to look over my shoulder and read my
daily paper.u That severe winter we were happy to get our mail
once in two weeka. Mr. Owens said, 1[...]olf howles he wakes
up every-one on Woody Cre ek:\How true that was, every rancher was
we a ry of' his[...]hree Grant Bros., Frank, Wesley and Raymond tried
to track d own thi s wolf with their grey-hounds but[...]pass through t his pasture with his bob-sled
So, to set ou t the se traps; Wor th deci ded to t ake h is f amily
a lon g th is nice winter mor[...]Ayne sworth
3 year s. ol d st ar ted up the creek to wat ch h ow he set out the
t raps . Before[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (309)[...]touching
or han dling it. The fami ly went on up to the Wicke r shams'
home and. stayed for dinner. A[...]e next day abo ut noon t wo excited ranchers came to the
Ba teman 's home and said the traps were g on[...]is wolf. This animal after being caught want-
e d to go north to the Missouri River Breaks, his old hiding place,[...]aveling cl ose by the hay-sta cks and going south to Camp Creek
Coulees, which were steep and narrow.[...]h a 30-30 Winchester rifle trucing precaution
not to hurt this animals' head or hide. He brought his p[...]The news of
t he trapped wolf spread from rancher to rancher and many came to
see t his huge wolf. His size was six feet long a[...]irely white with a dark grey streak from
his mane to the tip of his tail. Bateman had ~his animal-head[...]; many do.

The Trapper; Worth Bateman came to this p a rt of 1· ontana in
1904 ; trapp i ng co[...]and all predatory animals from
Sout hern Kansas to the Canadian Line.
He lived along for se[...]when t h e Depression day s c ame, he
went b a ck to . his ol d work trapp ing ; this time a s[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (310)[...]Kansas, July 27, 1897. She came to Ingamar
in 1925 l[...]Johnny McKnight came to this country in
1[...]hat were supposed
to be the Kitchen of the McKnight home. The[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (311)[...]By Doris & Alex Barclay
I came to Garfield County from Ingomar in 1926. My mother came here to
seek employment and 'lffY' older sister[...]ad
from 4 to 6 months of school, up until[...]We children only had a half mile to
walk to school. However the other[...]Doris McKnight from 2½ to 5 miles to go. fhey rode
Many happy hours were spent horseback to school most of ' the time.
riding horseback for[...]lly every Saturday night we would
travel from 2½ to 5 miles to visit some of the neighbors or they would come
vi[...]I enjoyed all kinds of work from raising a garden to working in the fiilss
with a 4 hourse team. On a[...],
on Silver-on far right is another ready to go drill Dave & Elizabeth,
means of[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (312)[...]by Mrs. Worth Bateman

As was told to me by my late husband, Worth Bateman and friends,[...]an by the name of F. A. Garinger from Canada came to the Phan Commun-
ity and staked out a homestead.[...]He was faithfully plowing
and cultivating•it as to proving up on this land. A woman by the name of
L[...]his horses, but being
a bachelor lived very much to himself and had very little to do with his new
neighbor.
One mornin[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (313)on his farm and not finding him, he rode over to James Harry' s place. Want-
ing to buy potatoes and vegetables for winter; while the[...]lln that Garinger had sold his team and equipment to them, and tha t
he had gone back to Canada on his saddle horse . This seemed strange[...]came back with a spring-wagon and moved
the body to Harry ' s place , Mrs . Stottard walking beside t[...]dug up . · Before they killed him they man-
aged to buy something and had his signature on a bill of[...]ged with nrurder in 2nd degr ee. He was sentenced to
18 years in state prison and not more than 2'0 ye[...]ct of the crime of
the murder . She was sentenced to one year r,at State Pr i son and not more than
5'[...]Gazette June 17, 1915
Three plead guilty to murder of F. A. Garinger. Sudden halt in the tria[...]se Thrusday after-
noon , entered pleas of guilty to first and second degr ee murder and accessory
after the fact ; respectively and were forthwith sentenced to serve terms in
the peniteniary .
Garfield County: The Golden Years (314)[...]tle drive in 1870 . In 1927 during his only visit to
Garfield County, he recalled the cattle drive and wanted to see if he could
spot the place where they crossed the Yellowstone with t he herd, so Ray took
him to Hiles City and out on Highway 10 at Buffalo Rapid[...]he ¥lace.

The first of the Grant children to arrive in Montana was ~ay , with her
husband, Aur[...]they reared a family af nine . Maggie Grant came to Culbertson and
and married 11ahlon II Bill Marshall in 1909 and they moved to the Woody Creek
northeast of Jurdan in 1915; they had one daughter . About the same time
Frank Grant came to Montana and leased a place at Bainville . ' He returned to
Missouri on a visit and married Mabel Davis , and they returned to Bainville ,
where Alice t1ervin and Leslie Grant were born .
In 1915' they also came to Woody Creek, as did Charles Grant and Jessie ,
an[...]harlie and Wes , married in Misso uri , had co:ne
to Bainville in 1913 . In 1910 Zoe Grant came to Bainville as a school
teacher and that year marri[...]With Frank and Mabel in 1910, Herbert Grant came to Montana and in 1915 went
to Missouri and married Nina ~albert and they returned to farm near Scobey
where they reared three children[...]Ira Kellogg ,
and sons Harold and Kenneth , came to The Woody in 1917 1 where five more
children came .
Henry Bryant came to the Woody with 11arshall and they built up a ranc[...]disgust
with the country, turned the outfit over to Bryant and went to Colorado , his
original home . The last Grant to come to Montana , and GarfieJd County, was
Ray, in 1918 a[...]and
and her other brother , Walter, who had come to 11ontana from Missouri in 1917 .
Ray and Fannie w[...]chool , Portland, Oregon , and Lyonors is married to Clarke Murnion and they
live in a ranch at Bruset[...]ould show up because it appeared they had
managed to rtreserve" 61..iO acres in the center for him to later file on.
Charlie quit the Woody in 1917 and went back to the north side, to the Red-
stone country and bef,an his successful[...]931 as Deputy County Clerk , ·
Frank moved to Ronan country in 1935 where he and Mabel still re[...]s place in 1942 when Dixon and Leland were called to army' serv-
ice . Wes had been working as[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (315) Dakota, Wes went to Malta with the B. L. M. as grazier and worked in[...]til the big boss brought in a Harvard boy for Wes to teach the funda-
mentals , when he left that s ervice to work as foi-emain-manager of the Veseth
Ranch so[...]of recent date . The Kelloggs subsequently moved to Lewistown, then
to Washington where most of their family re:s[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (316)[...]There's a story of an August, 1927, trail herd to Nashua. George Fraser
was trail boss; riders were[...]t-
horse team was Ray Grant, for the 4-da,)' trek to Nashua to the train to take
their cattle to market. It was necessary to ford the Missouri at the mouth
of Gilbert Creek e[...], thinking the chuckwag on would be driving on up to the Listmus Ferry,
15 miles, then back 15 miles.[...]ip,
Newland and Fisher and Grant dared themselves to ford the chuckwagon across.
After logging the wag[...]their saddle ponies ahead
with their lariats tied to the halters of the lead team, and everybody and
e[...]time. He generally led the way. He rode bareback, to be free of any obstacle
in case of trouble[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (317)[...]ere born in Xenia, Ohio and at
an adult age moved to College Spr ings, Iowa; and ran a Nurse ry
business before coming to Montana .
Francis Mclie, also formerly from[...]the
u. s. Mail Carrier from the Flat Creek School to Keperville.
He knew these brothers in Iowa and at[...]44. After . leaving Garfield County they returned to
Xenia, Ohio, where Will 's son, David, lives. The[...]Don't get
nervous or excited about a ~ything, try to keep calm. That
rule seems to have worhed well for them because they can
rememb[...]akir.g their home together since 1906, they liked to read
the news, listen to the radio and play an occasional game of
checkers; still looking forward to seeing Will 's daughter,
Mary, returning f[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (318)[...]d patroit throbs the desire of advent-
ure hummed to the tune of the wagon wheels. In Abrahams day it echoed to the
rhythm of camels, sheep and oxen. Today echoe[...]htening express.
The music of wheels we love to hear about started back when our Grand-
fathers a[...]himed the:i.r song of march up the Old Haxby Road to the North Country of
Montana now surrounded by Fo[...]eys and.shot a couple. Mr.
Vandenburg later moved to what is not District No. 55. He was here before a[...]bbile when it fell through. The next day
they had to "plank the car out,. 11
The Boughtons
Mr. and Mrs Gene Bougtton came in 1918 to the head of Gilbert Creek. They
came in a covered[...]reached the Pat Patterson's. Bert had to board
out ~o he cou[...]his
own. They moved to School District No 55 in[...]in Missouri.
Mr. and Mrs. Hugo Kipf came to Glasgow, Montana on the Great Northern
t r ai n and traveled from there to their homestead, 47 miles South of Glasgow
by tea[...]came here they had 3 children
and $6.oo. They had to pay 10¢ a pound for potatoeso Hugo better[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (319)[...]Mrs. Nellie M. Cary was born in 1867. She came to .Montana
f'rom Wisconsin. She came with her famil[...]cently been surveyed. The neighbors told them not to
use the water as it was not fit to drink because of the Alkali, so
they lived on mil[...]ped at Gaslins and found that
the people here had to use grease lamps (twisted rags soaked in
grease a[...]Jesse, and
two daughters and daughter-in-law to see her. She used to cross
the Missouri River to Glasgow on the Lismas ferry. It was owned
by Mr . Grunas who in 1903 traded it to "Buck'' Walt Embleton for his
place, Buck later sold it to Frank }artin who run the ferry f'or
a number of y[...]n they got it built the
wind blew so hard one had to hold the door.
After Wallace Cary went to the service in 1919, Mrs . Cary
took the t[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (320)[...]Traveling northwest at a very slow rate compared to todays• speed.
He reached Glas g ow, Val[...]tana; at this time,
having land within five miles to homestead. He found 320 acres
that looked like a fine spot to settle down.
After filing on the land, he[...]Shack, purchased a walking plow in town and went to work.
Things looked good the first year, plenty o[...]rpaper shack, • and only rocks where there
used to be fields. He reasoned -. ;hhe har~est came .from the north,
and it seemed to be .much warmer from the south, so he loaded up
w[...]. By 1931 the weather again became a big headache to the
farmer. A.fter f-ive years my .father once more gave up farming ana
moved our big family to McCone City, near the site of Fort Peck
Da[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (321)[...]er and brother George left Iowa by train, in 1917
to homestead in Garfield CountyoThey had heard about the country
and wanted to own their land and have a better life as a rancher
and raise stock.
The first undertaking was to build a house, so he could
have his future bride[...]ed in Glasgow in July 19170 They made the
trip to Garfield County by horse and wagon, crossing the[...]were both 21 years old,
nothing seemed impossible to themo They cooked on an open fire
out of doors, w[...]stove and table. They had
plain food, but enough to eat, since there were rabbits to
shoot, as well as pheasants, and grouse. They had biscuits to
supplement their diet. They transported their sup[...].
Clara Miller helped the men grub sagebrush to clear the land
and it was a very different life than she had ever known. How-
ever it wasn't all work, as they had dances for[...]iding along on the snowo
The men were called to war and the women did alot of knit-
ting for them[...]d at Stoetzels for donations for
the men that had to go away in the service of their country.
Gar[...], and anyone
traveling thru the area were welcome to stop in and eat and
stay the night. Some of the n[...]ce~ and store. Kipfs ·
were neighborso
Bern to Clara and Dick Miller were Janet, Edith, Allen,
B[...]y
provided this service, since it was fifty miles to the closest
doctor 0 If grandma Carey was not available, someone else was
always willing to come to the aid of a neighbor. The Miller
children, as we[...]newspaper under their clothing for the l0ng
walk to school.
Many tragic incidents happened in th[...]s bit by a rattlesnakeo
Her father, Joe Long went to Lismas to get whiskey to give to
Annie, which eased her pain 0 There was no rat[...]n those days 0 Gus Beiler and Joe Long took Annie to Jordan
where she died 0 J ~I
Garfield County: The Golden Years (322) Dick Miller added enjoyment to the children of the area, by
giving parties. Atte[...]the sheep. He used warm water, and it is amazing
how much it felt like blood. He had prizes of cracker[...]soda crackers the fastest. We all
looked foreward to those parties with a lot of excitement.
Dick[...]estern Montana, at Graritsdaleo They often return to
Garfield County to visit friends they made in their early day[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (323)[...]ting and fishingo
The Haxby schooi was close to the John Goode and Frank
Goode ranch and Tom and[...]and Charlie Martin had the mail route from Haxby
to Lismas for sever al years In summer they went b[...]a number
of years. Frank was almost always there to lend a helping
hand in crossing the Mi sso[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (324)[...]il his recovery.
In 1 899 , he first came to Mont ana £rom Iowa with a hunting
p ar ty, which[...]rb Hills southwe s t
of Glasgow a nd re t u rne d to Iowa . Geor g e trained and traveled
with his bro[...]., It was at this time he dropp ed his last name, to avoid
notor ie ty . His step f.., ing- of f place was Hinsdale, 1ontana, and as
the tr a in was pulling to a ha lt, he wa tched two men run out of a
s aloon[...]an de ad . The man who did t he shooting expected to be
charg ed with Mur der and immediately ro de aw[...]e . ) Od d l y enoug h , this man was the brother to
a woman who was subsequently a near neighbor of G[...]arpent-
e r , sou th of Gl a s gow. He then moved to the place where Bob Miller
n ow l i ves , on Gil[...]nd s everal ot h ers lived
in a tent . ot to o surprisingly , while t ending the livestock, he[...]himself, sin ce · h e
co ul d g e t no one e lse to d o i t.
1
'1 h e f ol lowing year , h e mov ed to the Big Dr y , where h e
h omesteaded , raising c[...]ained there
until the Fort Peck Lake fo r ced him to move. He boug ht land
above t h e wate r - li n e[...]ere until his d ea t h.
He wa s mar r ied to De~tta King in Gl a s g ow on July 5, 1 911.
They[...]radu:ited from Normal Sc h ool in 19G5 and crone
to Montana to t each school in Plentywoo d , Nashua and Gl a s g ow.
She mar ried Georg e Edwa r d s in 1 911 an r: crune to the Haxb y commun-
ity on the Blg Dr y to li v e . They had 4 child ren , Mont e, Ki[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (325)[...]offspring
Of Bowie, Crockett and Boone
Came West to home s te ad and bring
A Stetson to replace the s kin of a coon .
These wild and colo[...]e atomic age .
The iron horse with sing ing rails
To the Pacific from St . Louis and Chicago
Followed[...]f Wells Fargo .
Then they crune, the new pioneers
To homestead this land so wild and new
The y remade[...]ood measure t oo .
Har dy and spiri ted they came to change
The way of life and write a new pag[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (326)[...],1 873 at Wrana , Sodermanland Swe de n
Migrated to USA (St. Paul , Minn.) in 1890
Relocated to Miles City, Montan a about 1 900
Marri~d 16 July, 1904, a t Miles City to Mathilda Peterson .
a registered Nurse (Stat e Ho[...], probably north
of the Yellowstone River p rior to 1903, a t which time he
established his own shee[...]n his own ranching operation in 1912 and migrated to douth
America (Brazil and Argentine) where he was[...]erator and
by English absentee .owners. Returne d to Montana in 1 917 or 1918 .
Raised sheep in the Mi[...]ana st a te penetentury , Deer
Lodg e, about 1923 to 1 928 .

Died, Deer Lodge, Montana, Sept . 1940 ,[...]ndle ss
repertoire of tall stories a pp ro priate to the ol d west . His
was the disposition designed t o respond resiliantly to the
vageries that nature had to of fe r thos e who had the for t itude
to endeaver to convert the untamed wilderness into a p lace
of h[...]di recti on , and Shor t y Freed was no exception to
that gene ralizati on . Every ranch was the home[...]ring of freight outf its on the road,
taking wool to the Miles City market , assured of~ ~ol l set
tab[...]her
own . She had been in Miles City long enough to ap p reciate that
there was a di f fe rance in th[...]h of white-faced cows (and the squatters ri g hts to the as yet
unsur veyed homestead) became the whol[...]ly hard winter reduced five larg e bands of
sheep to a few hundr ed in ~he hospital band and a[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (327)[...]less single young
man . Many young men, attracted to the prospect of adventure
in the rapidly growing[...]eloped a degree of
manhood that would enable them to take part in the winning
of the wes t. Though thi[...]er, were the alma mat er, the mother of knowledge
to many a young man of that time and situation .
Sho[...]nt in their vo i ces of the experience of growing to
young manhood in an area in very rapid transition[...]f buffalo and Indiana, wild g ame and trail herds to a
nestors area , and on to the big ranch country of today with
its absentee land owners. What an experience to witness and to
take par t in such a transition , to be a part of the generation
tha t saw the last wi[...]eplacement with dai ly mail (and bread) delivery to
the most remote ranches . In the 1900 1 s a cowha[...]avel -- Today his counterpart is equally oppos ed to walking.
but he is addicted to engine driven wheels rather than to horse
flesh.

Numerous writers have chronic aled[...]ngton

L. to R.1 Matelda Freed, James Fields,[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (328)[...]tmayer
. ~y father, James V. Fiel ds , came to Montana in 1883 to live
with an uncle, who was a trapp e r and buff[...]s Gulch, a
tributary of Pumpkin Creek. On a trip to Minnapolis he met
Hannah Peterson and in 1897 she c ame to Miles City to marry
him. I was born on their ranch 85 mi les from Mile s City in 1899.
We moved from there to the st ate of Washington in 1905 ,
travelling as[...]After 10 years in Washington my father decided to again
move to Montana, and along with my mother and I, settled[...]for homesteading peoJle came from
all directions to acquire new homes . They were young or middle-
ag[...]came
from the French Pyrenees at an earlier date to work f or large
sheep outfits, l a ter establishe[...]during the summer
months . Well water wasn't fit to drink or f or co okin g so ev ery-
one hauled wat[...]gomery Ward , and it wa s
a joy for the housewife to go through these c atalogs, order
what she needed[...]in. '.l'he outside "-"Orl d meant vez·y
lit t le to us , ~s we lived in on e of our own . Pe o[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (329)[...]and be and I
and our ini'ant son, Stanley, moved to this place. Our daughter
Audrey, was born while we were living there. The children went
to school in a log building on Fifth Point, others a[...]the
Fort Pe ck Dam, and all residents were forced to move. We left
in 1936, others shortly before tha[...]as born in Linton, North Dakota, in 1898.
He came to Montana, Valley County, in 1914, and lived with h[...]ar
H.K. Wittmayer, his wife and infant son mov ed to this location,
which was situated along the Miss[...]ily lived there until 1936, when they were forced to
leave as the government had bought the rive r bot[...]ually sold his Garfield County prop erty , moving
to Valley Coulty, where he still resides and has b e[...]Rhynie & Gladys Wittmayer
~• to R. Helen Tihista, Mary Ingalls, Audrey Wit[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (330)[...]h their two small children, pioneered from
Kansas to northestern Montana to build themselves "A Home on the
Range." They were among those fami ly type ranchers who came to
this remote and lawless"last stand" f ree range country to built
homes and herds then stayed on to stabl ilize the catt le industry
re placing the c[...]his
Last of Five Tho usand," picture messa ge to his boss describing
the condition of the herd a.f[...]c onvenience of the day .
She looke d well to the ways of her household . By fall the
jars wer[...]camp ) and trailed them 65 miles n orth and east to
Glasgow. From there they ship ped out to Chicago . This operation
required about a month.[...]ecause he resente d newcomers and had t hreatened
to "run the Kincaids 11 out . But , true to western trad ition, she
asked them in to supper . While eating they kept glancing a[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (331)[...]e.
The de s olate little group tr ailed off to the bunkhou se. When
they opened the door, smoke[...]- bag in t h e corner. Aunt Annie wa s then
clued to the back- trackin g ac t ivities of her recent su[...]deed, thread,
needles and scissors. Al ways wi se to the possibilities of a
garment she managed to make t hem a ll a change of clothe s from the
con[...]z -
ards . The wolves and c9yote s moved in bands to f east on the de ad
and dying cattle . The[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (332)[...]dys Wittmayer
Joe Bell, one of the well-to-ao ranchers of t his community .
He came at an[...]rrey, son of Ge orge Curry . Claude was
married to Rita Kincaid and Roy married Ida Pointer . Claude[...]Daley, an Englishman with a title no less . Came to
Montana from Vancouver, B. c.
The Brink[...]tilda Freed, who later married Lee Roy . She c&me to Mont-
ana abou t 1898. Was an early day nurse in Mi les Ci t y . l arried
"Shorty" Freed and went to live on the Woody . Later she home~
steaded on 6[...]wife and three daughters . They came out summers to help
their father with haying ; were part time r[...]e lived neighbors for a
short time, Later moving to t he Miles ... Ci.ty area . Eunice wa s Joe
Bell[...]ept a bachelor camp with lots of
Poker and plenty to drink . A great place for the cowpunchers to
gather . Scotty was open handed and always re ady to share his
liquor and ' grub'. Ben Vanderburg was[...]who of course couldn 't s peak English
and tells how she co oked by re ad ing recipes with a Fr[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (333)[...]t he Ri ver.
Edythe came originally from Canad a to kee p ho use for her brother,
Fred LaRoque . Whit[...].
There were many o ther s, too numero u s to mention, all kind-
ly folks . Anyone wi th[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (334)[...]INCAID STORY
Mro & Mrso Frank Kincaid came to Montana from Kansaso They
came to what was then Dawson County in 1903 and setteled[...]effice ~as Leedy, now Farenuf.
They moved to Glasgow about 1913. Here they bought aore
land and lived for a time, then moved to Gilbert Creek. They
bought a ranch from John Etchepare. From there we moved back
to Glasgowo By then, there were eight children, Rita[...]ter thr ee years
in Bonners Ferry, we moved back to Glasgowo We finished school
and the family scatt[...]t of
them were leg and in run-down condition due to the fact that
they were used for country dances[...]ated at a more leisurely
pace. It wasn't uncommon to be using books twenty years oldo
Now a-days a ten[...]ht there two years, but not consecutively, I went
to school a year betweeno
Dances at Lismas, Ha[...]talent. We often went twenty miles or more by car to
dances. To get across the river we used the ferry at[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (335)[...]ng family . They sold out under the dam and moved to
Council, Idahoo
Down closer to the ri ver were ranchers who ran cattle
mostlyp a[...]d come down the dry bed and any one
who happened to be down ther e really had to get out or drown.
Perhaps my clearest r e c[...]omeone woul d take a team and take meo
I learned to dress for it and t o s t rap my lunch pai l and book
bag to my back so my arms were f ree 0 Mud collecte[...]cked his foot out of the sti rrup , moti on ed
me to cLimb up , and! dido I'd known Pie rre s ince I w[...]ad been a young ki d just over here from Fran c e to ma ke hi s
way in Americao The Tihistas were a ll[...]My folks lived in Glasgow for some years 1924 to a bout
1936, I think . Mrs. Kincaid moved to Great Falls , Redlodge ,
and finally Cutba[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (336)[...]July -- 1951
Row L. L. to R.: Donovan Bridges, Mike Conn, Annette Currey, C[...]on
Biddle, George Biddle, Fern Nelson L to R: Fern Nelson, Marie Kincaid,[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (337)[...]as
alse night hawk. The purpose of the gather wss to get rid of
a l e t of horses that were running th[...]lace for them and no one else
needed or had money to buy more horses. Tractors and cars were
used by a[...]atch colts that grew up wild and free and useless to anyone.
This hit and miss breeding produced a pre[...]wild
horses for many years, Valley County decided to get rid of
them .
El White took the contract to gather the excess horses.
He planned two dri ves,[...]e was ·usual\y; an int-
erested audience on hand to see the boys mount up and to give
advice to the unfortunate rider who found his mount had a
"[...]one that pro-
mised excitement but never was ab~e to unload John in front
of the bunch. "I guessthe Lord had his arms around me, but my
know-how helped a little , too ." Johnny claimed modestly.[...]ken thumb, most of the boys silently
gave a round to the white Matador horse though the details[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (338)[...]Payne. Some were broke and some wi ld eno'1gh to make the
mornings interesting. Gilbert Aiken ro[...]he hairline. The cook ran with a handful of flour
to stop flowing blood. Red was the oddest cowboy you[...]s of blood surrounded by white flour. He was able to do
his job the next day in spite of his haircut.[...]had been on the range. After owners had a chance to claim any animals
collected by mistake, the rest was shipped from Frazer and Oswego to canneries
for_dog and fish food. I believe[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (339)[...]s Co. After four
years of crop failure due mostly to wheat rust, Jim decided on
a move to an area which would be strictly cattle raising.[...]ousehold belongings into a large high bexed wagon to which a
four hQrse team was harnessed and set out[...]the tired travelers pulled
the dusty weary teams to a halt beside a low one room cabin•
built on a[...]orny briars of dense underbrush, rose in defiance
to any intrusion of the cotton wood forest beyond. T[...]t
the cabin. The low hanging eaves had a tendency to droop and
when the hard rains came the mud ran fr[...]d by a quickly pre-
pared supper, and beds enough to ·suppl1 ample sleeping accom-
modations were assembled, life took on a more livable aspeat.
However, due to the hot weather that soon descended upon them
sho[...]roof which extended out from the end of the
cabin to serve as a shelter over the doorway. This arrangm[...]ill), who made his
home at the ranch, helped much to improve the living conditions
with his minor repa[...]without source of income.
The chiidren had to board with friends in Glasgow in order
te attend.[...]years, and ever
so often get the "Montana Fever" to return to the state for a
visit.
At present al[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (340)[...]Erickson Ranch Jim Erickson moving stock to ·the
on Missouri River[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (341)[...]been herded by cowboys on restless saddle
ponies to their new home. During that time much of dad's time
was spent checking on the cattle and horses prone to return to
their old grazing haunts on the open range. At th[...]dymano on hoofs that it took a strong alert mount to hold him
in line . The rider would not be seen or[...]y
called at our humble, log home, come many names to mind. I
especially recall a childhood scene. Moth[...]tiful laTender organdy dress for the coming dance to take
place in a school house in the community. Th[...]l", Cora Ingalls. She had many admirers
and loved to discuss her romances with my mother. Cora later
m[...]and confectionery
stand, also backed his truck up to the dance floor. Here was
the piano, where the mu[...]r , because I was just
sixteen and the first time to wear a new voile formal.
Many a hot[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (342)[...]Doby" hill near
our house was an excellent place to climb to when a kid had
need of solitude, just to think things over. Wounded feelings
always healed[...]bronc
Below: Fourth Point School-- L. to R. Vernon Erickson, Jim
( J.B.) E[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (343)[...]nd liked it very much.
It took us about five days to ~each our destination. We stopped
occasionally fo[...]s , and the elde r Bretzke . The pay was from $30 to $40 per
month, no vacations , reasonable sick lea[...]ing summer.
non the first of April, I went to work for John Willer,near
the Manson Bailey bridge,just west of Glasgow. Then in May I went
south to work on the Carpenter and Gibson ranch. They had come to
the terri tory as buffalo hunters in 1882 and stayed to raise
sheep . The following winter I and several[...]r i l.25 per cord on the lot.
e bad pro s pects to sell 500 cords, but wound up with sale for
only 100 . In 1903 I went to work for John Viall on the Big Dry (now
part of t[...]present
location of the dam . When I filed I had to sign papers that the
government could take whatev[...]the first 40 or 50 acres by myself' and was able
to start the reduction of hay for sale to wintering ranchers,
later I paid '600 to a contractor for clearing 50 acres of timbe~
brus[...]rush , and diamond willows that it cost over ilOO
to get it into production . I could raise an average[...]sgow. At one time he h ad been almost at
the gate to his home . Rohde left a l arge family , on[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (344)[...]We thought it a poor pri ce
for such a good place to make a living. We had at one time had
Sam Ellswo[...]a good market :for slabs. ·
"We were able to buy a comparable plac e about 10 miles east
of Gl[...]o. 2 highway in this vic inity.
The land was sold to Sam Sylvester in 1967.
Queried about spend[...]s
from town Palmer said, "We didn't plan on going to town more
than once or twice during the winter. In the fall ou r _·food bill
would amount to $50 to $100 and we woul d get 400-500 lbs. of
flour; thr[...]use, mutton and plenty of venison .
"Going to town for supplies was a major operation . We usua-
lly planned for the trip to take thre e days for the 20 miles.
The horses jog[...]n club n ow stands.
It was necessary for us to cross the Mi ss ouri at the Lismas
ferry. Sometimes Horace Gamas, ferry operator_ h~d to swim acros s
to retrieve the ferry after someone late at night had crossed to
the opposite s i de without the benefit of Mr . G[...]nk and Charley Martin carr ied the mail on routes to
Haxby as well as Glasgow for many years . I remem[...]er from across the Dry .
(As told to H. R. Hellano, March 1969 by Clarence[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (345)[...]The Krusicks

Jack Krusick came to Garfield County in the spring of 1928 and farmed[...]ty
and ranched South of Frazier in 1932 and moved to Glasgow in the fall of 1933.
In the summer[...]7 until the water from Fort Peck Lake forced them to move into the Big
Dry near the old Ed Byrum place. In 1939 they moved the boat back to Lismas
for the final years run in the lake which[...]in width and finally got too dangerous and costly to try to operate.
He sold the ferry in the spring of 1940 to Russell (Slats) Lowe who moved it
to Oswego and operated it ·there for a while[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (346)[...]was
a grocery store . It
docked and ,old
supplies to people
along the way •• Man in
row boa[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (347) Al Thomas family
We moved to Lismas Montana in the spring of 1912.
As I reme[...]et us
with a team and wagon, it took us all day to get from Glasgow to
our place, to find that the house didn't have a roof, so we all[...]of wild horses, and he and Shorty broke
horses to sell to the homesteaders south of the river.
I w[...]d nothing but row me across the river and walk me to
school in the morning, and come and get me at night, that lasted
till the slush ice starte d to run, then I had to stay at home.
The next year the folks arranged to have me stay at the John
Maxness home close to a school on the Glasgow bench, where I
attended[...]The following spring the folks arranged for me to board at
the George Edwards home. Mrs. Edwards had been a teacher before
her marriage, and she was to teach me, that lasted till my folks
came to visit me and found me out herding sheep, so they[...]at time more people had moved in, so they managed to get
a short term teacher and held scho ol in the[...]he former McCune homestead and Roadhouse) we went to school
there for two or three years, till we spent our noon hour packing
water and pouring it down the path to the barn, so we would have
a nice slick place to slide, that was great fun till the hired
man went[...]nd burned the
seat out of his pants before he got to the bottom of the hill and
for some reason they didn't love us any more, so the next year we
went to school in the Roy Russell home while they built t[...]school.
Recreation in those days were get-to-gathers at some one's
home for dances or cards, if we could get the Dave Smiths to play
for us it was dances otherwise it just had to be cards. As we
got older there were our school programs and dances and there
always seemed to be a gang at our house on 'aturday or Sunday
nights, we either danced to the phonograph or played cards, Sunday
we rode ho[...]Gamas homestead at Haxby-for 3 years, then moved to
3 7J
Garfield County: The Golden Years (348)[...]till Lee d ie d in 1929.
After that I moved to Glasgow-, went to work and started a
whole new life .[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (349)[...]l osing my
health shortly a fter getting mar ried to Lelia Ear le Lon g , be ing
advised by the Doctor[...]possibl e . We t ook
the train for Longdale, Okla.to vis i t her f a t her & mother and
family. Ou r intentions were to go to t he plains of N, M. Ther e
were lands there to h omestead and I had a b ro t her who had home-
s[...]me was Frank Cole , an old timer there who proved to be a
real friend and helpful neighbor .[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (350)[...]e of amu sing incidents which were
not so amusing to t he ones who had the experience. There were
two[...]of Beaver-
tooth McCune. Bro She rm tr i ed often to get him to go and have , them
out . (Nothing do i ng Bro. )[...]whe r e they had t hres hed t he gr a in. He
went to Bud and asked if he c ared i f h e c ar ried stra[...]orses t o f all on. No ; go c ar r y all you want
to, which he did , and spent a couple of hours a t i[...]c ou s i n, so Bud a sked him i f he woul d
like to go for a ride ; sure I would . They saddled a s u[...]t her and we re
soon cutting logs for the cabins to be built. We were able to g et
two of the cabins up before winter . One f o[...]e bed clothes with us but f or a bedstead we went
to an old mill set and found slabs , naile d them to the log wall
with strips across . By this time we[...]ccustome d
t o this type of bed . We had le arned to adjust to whatever circum-
stance s come our way . This was[...]craped the ground smooth , wet
it oown an d tried to think it was concrete I guess . Anyway ~ar[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (351)[...]horne d brush. Af t e r a f reeze the be rry seem to s of ten
and loose some of its tarty, s har pne[...]tasty and delic i ous.
There was no work to be foun d unt i l Bundle Threshing in the
f~ll[...]Roy
as she was a real good midwife and pr oved to be a fine f ri end and
I worked picking corn to settle our b i ll. Her n ame Edith El iz abeth.[...]le, Washington .
Sept. 19,1919 Sylvia Lee came . to us, born a t home and Grandma Roy
came and staye[...]d t o go fishing . The Long boys an rl I took him to the
Mi s sour i r i v e r and wen t seining . Thi[...]me cougar tracks down in the brush and
de c i ded to g o after them . We came in with 3 of the big cats that
me asured about s ix feet from nose to ti n of tail .
Entertainment c ons[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (352)[...]. He once told us
his Grandfather didn't want him to be a Minister. After preach-
ing a while, Grandfa[...]till don't see taking a first
class busine ss man to make a third class preacher!"
Sometimes we didn't have light sufficient to see, so he would go
out and run his Ford f[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (353)[...]chil dren George, Vernon and Esther .
They went to school in a one-room school house 2 miles away and
had to cross the Big Dry river bed which wa s dry excep[...]water in the
Big Dry come roaring down and I went to see if I could see them.
How they were running for home. George was 9 and Vern[...]think he
could make it", but they did, they had to miss a few days of
school.
We had nice ne[...]that Royce's Mother was quite
sick and wanted him to come , it was in the spring of the year and
the i[...]uri was soft , The Ferry didn't run yet so he
had to cross on Cables, as there was a Cable Ferry at th[...]ce piled up a double wagon box full and took them
to the Fair in Glasgow where they sold every 0Le of[...]isolated from the school and the first year I had to stay at
Braggs' place on the top of the hi[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (354)[...]school one year, and in the spring of 1934 moved to Glasgow where we went
through High School.
A[...]s. Royce Biddle
Island to Sunday School Esther & Vernon[...]Biddle
Royce with his way to town with inspecting
hi[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (355)[...]rider and Carrie Bragg Crider,(now deceased) came to
Eastern Montana from Dora and Crider, Missouri w[...]y the Greek", Ted Paulos
(Papadapaulos) who came to the U. s. at the age of 16. Dad had
a place below[...]es all the way from Art
Blew's house on the river to Kenneth King's shack near arrens,
(only a[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (356)[...]nd Lillian. In a covered wagon they left
Missouri to go to Oklahoma in 1900. The remainder of the
childr[...]family lived 19 years in Oklahoma, before
moving to Montana. In November 1936, Ed and Dora Slaughter[...]up stakes, and with two children, this time
moved to Nampa, Idaho. Lois and Ernest came to Idaho with
their parents. Here they bought a farm[...]d no
children.
tillian Slaughter was married to John Colewell, in Blackwell,
Oklahoma. They made[...]ot, North
Dakota. There were three daughters born to them; Margaret,
Patricia and Joyce.
Lester[...]homa. A daughter
Bonnie, and a son Neal were born to them.
James(Mack) Slaughter married "Babe" Custer, at the Custer
Ranch in 19.34. They later moved to Nampa, Idaho. But moved
back to Montana. Mack and Babe had two children, Barry(Buch)
and Sherry.
Ernest Slaughter was married to Pauline McClaskey in June
1938. She pass e[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (357)[...]RS
Ed and Dora Belle (Teeter) Slaughter came to Lismas, Mont.
jn August of 1917. They left Oklaho[...]and Lois 4.
The first night before going on to their new home was
spent on a creek bed on the Bi[...]xt day they drove
out from Lismas about six miles to a 320 acre ranch. The place
had been homesteaded[...]Six horses we r e shipped from Bliss, Oklahoma to Glasgow
that fall . The first winter there was ve[...]u. s. Army , with the Balloon Corp. The boys had to walk from
Lismas to the home place in deep snow for this "Good bye" te
the family , then walk to Glasgow to the train that took t~em
on . This was a very sad[...]the
local folks into this world, and was subject to call any ti me,
day or night . Many or the names are forgotten, but two recalled
to mind are Dorothy Blew, and Dorothy Bragg. One eve[...]t she was in labor . That was all "Callie" needed to
hear, so she picked up a blanket and bed she e t and went out
to the car to deliver the baby . Then drove on to Glasgow
with the couple and their new baby to the doctor there. These
were the things that help[...]ands, only the wide open spaces. The motto
seemed to be "May the best man (or horse) win, no matter how far
he went.
There wer e no school houses the first year the Slaughters
were there. The children went to school at Frank Coles ' home.
There was two rooms[...]and the winter was so bad the
children only went to school about 3 months of the school term,
Septemb[...]il. It was about 5 miles
from the Slaughters home to Mr . Coles ,.
3~0
Garfield County: The Golden Years (358) Al Thomas and Ed Slaughter started to build the Lismas
school house in 1919. There was only one room for all eight
grades, with an average of 13 to 15 students. Frances Wood
was the first teacher a[...]hat taught
for awhile.
Frances Wood returned to teach in about 1924.
Alice Soleberg taught f[...]ed by
Laverne Madigan. Now someone else will have to go on with the
teachers, because this was when my[...]Ferry that crossed the Missouri River from Lismas to the road
to Glasgow.
There were parts of the old foundat[...]finished in
1938. President F. D. Roosevelt came to visit the dam and was
presented with a cane made[...]tfit, caLled the C.B.C., that shipped
wild horses to Illinois; Mack Slaughter worked rounding up
wild[...]nty at the N-N Ranch.
Some of the old timers to be Remembered are: John Willis,
Al Thomas,[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (359)[...]ce, emptiness, silence,
heat, (It was August) and to my four year old eyes, unparalled
for sheer ugliness. Grey sagebrush reaching to the borisona
on all sides and each brush a potent[...]I learned early in life to
keep a sharp[...]Crawlys and to never ever
o[...]y long
stick to raise the lid~ Many[...]t he fall of 1917 to a one-room
log cabin with a dirt floor to
be greeted b[...]with the livestock & Machinery~
Needless to say our first years were hard ones on the old
homestead but Mom and Dad managed to clothe us and kept us fed
and we had love and security within our fam i ly circle. We were
taught to obey the laws of God and Man and Dad's razar strap was
there handy, to be sure we did both. I was the youngest, so escap[...]t 18
months. I was t •r ieir exp erimental toy, to be coaxed & threatened
into all t heir activities[...]hill in barrels, curled inside an old
tire, made to steal matches for their smoking efforts, etc etc.
When we finally had a school-house to attend scho ol, we
either had to walk or ri de horseback the 2½ miles to school so
Mac decided to teach me to ride a horse. He put me in the saddle,
handed me[...]coulee" at the bottom, he's have up
enoug h speed to jump the"c.nulee~'
393
Garfield County: The Golden Years (360)Every thing went according to plan until he in the buggy reached
the bottom of[...]I sometimes wonder how we
lived to grow up, but we[...]learned to love. Dancing in[...]e rivers were running full and the cat-
fish easy to catch, we had many 11 fish-fry" at Earl & Delbert[...]knew we had no money so always
told us she needed to 11 keep in practice".
There was Scotty Embleton, Frank & Charley Martin and Mrs • .
Duell who seemed to have been in the county forever & would ,alwa~
be[...]om be.fore he did. What a car
that was, you had - to turn the wheel around twice before it would
grab[...]ldn't go forward.
It was a wonderful feeling to know and be known by everyone
for 150 miles around, I remember walking to visit our very dear
frie~ds, the Bill Nels[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (361)[...]de him say "Bring me a
bottle of the beer I can't pronounce because I lisp."
Across the Bi g Dry River f[...]l never for ge t his consternation when I
decided to help him out by cleaning his cabin and threw out[...]e borrowed another "start" and I never
attemp ted to be a good Samaritan again in his behalf. He got t[...]kinning a Coyote and his hair came out in patches
to his extreme embarrassment. Poor Buck, he was a wonderful
friend to everyone in the neighborhood and they in turn lov[...]others. Fern and Lura Nelson riding the six miles to Lismas
School past our home and exp ert riders at that.
I>ee Stockton, teaching me to use a 410 gauge shotgun & rifle to
kill sage hens ~ prairie dogs from the back of a[...]res,
400 acres of "school land" included.
Going· to Sunday School in our little one room school house[...]ed country's Sunrises and sunsets so
brilliant as to make you catch your breath. The silence of long
w[...]ual and painful leaving of friends of a
life time to goodness knows where. whole communities evacuat ing
until finally the time for us too, to leave. . ·
We[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (362)32½ years now. He says it's an awfully long time to spend with
one woman but we hope far sever[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (363)[...]ssouri. When he was about 17 years of age he went to Rocky Ford.
Colorado to work in a Sugar factory, ' as his father was 111[...]r passed away -the
doctors told Dad he should go to a dry climate as the "Southern
Climate was too d[...]n ranches and later with the
Survey Crew helping to set the surveyor stakes in that part of
the coun[...]h the survey crew it was not un-
common for them to have to take to cover when a herd of wild
cattle would see them out nflagging" and chase them.
He later went to Glasgow and f'iled on a homestead_ on the
south[...]lived in Valley County for 3 years before
moving to the South side of the River to the newly qreated Ga~--
field County. In November,1919 we hitched a team of horses
to the sled and started for the Alvord and Hapgood r[...]nd a Mulligan stAw ready."
In this way I learned how to live on a ranch.
While on this ranch- our[...]ted for the hospital
at Glasgow with her. We had to cross the Big Dry in a wagon.
When we got to our neighbors, Ed Slaughter took us in their car to
the Missouri River, as their car was not working[...]t of the way. It was midnight by the
time we got to the hospital. Dr. Simpkins said that \Vi could be[...]the kitchen door and ev ery time Fern looked out to see
what it was, Lura would hit her on the he ad and say,"Do you want
it to get you,too?"
Garfield County: The Golden Years (364)[...]hi s ranch a little over two years, then moved
to the West side of the Big Dry where we thought the[...]we could do a little better. The home we
moved to had been a "road house", as it was on the eross r[...]ely.
We lived there two years, then moved to a raneh on the
Missouri River bottom. We still had the Missouri River to contend
with, as we had no mail route on the sou[...]d snowed and turned cold sudd-
enly. It dropped to 40 degrees below zero. My husband, Kel Moss
and Kel's hired man, Hank, decided to cross on the ice to get the
mail. They tied ropes to each other then strung out quite a ways
apart a[...]the other two could pull him out. The last man to get across was
Hank, and he fell through the ic[...]innnediately froze so he could hardly make it · to
where they were going. While they were on this trip, my younger
daughter went outside and tried to lick snow off an old discarded
stove near the house. The tongue immediately froze to the stove.
I went to see abo ut her and saw she was stuck to the stove. I
knew it would be of no use to thaw her tongue loose with cold
water, so I took[...]hot water and poured it on 'the
stove; then had to use a knife to cut her tongue loose.
· The house we had mo[...]where the mop boards should
have been and on i n to the living room. It had me cornered as I
couldn'[...]n
the fight. I finally found something and tried to kill it, but
it slipped back under the house aga[...]one occ asion as I came back from Glasgow, I had to cross
the Missouri River when it was running qui[...]dred pounds of flour in the
row boat. We started to go across, I looked up stream and saw a
big tree[...]p below us. We all said,"Never again
will we try to cross the Missouri like thisl"
While we we[...]the Mandan boat
made its la~t trip up the River to Fort Benton, occasionally
small freight boats wo[...]d leaves a sad memory for many.
Billy used to get on a bronc and when the bronc would qu[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (365)[...]er ranch a little over two years, then
moved back to the Big Dry where we had lived before. We lived
there until the Fort Peck dam went in and was about to flood us
out. As I think back I feel I had the most wonderful neighbors
we all had to move .o ut on account of the dam being built. So[...]ocials, etc.
In the spring of 1938 we moved to a ranch ten miles north of Jordan
and lived there until my husband passed away in 1962, then I moved to Jordan.
This is but a small part of my lif'[...]th a friendly "Hello". Friends were
always there to lend a helping hand in time or need.
To me Garfield County is the dearest place in all th[...]In friendship there is comfort and encouragement to gain;
And it is quite the same as an umbrell[...]ky, it keeps the tears away,
And it is there to help you bear the burden of your day.
A frie[...]For it is something you have won, it belongs to you.
No matter what the problem, or hOW'ever dark the dawn;
It is your inspiration and your courage to go on.
In freindship there is faith a[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (366)[...]never been out of the state
of Missouri, decided to come to Montana to take up a homestead
and raise good Montana beef.[...]th feeding stock had an offer of $40.00 per month to come
to Gauge,Montana and help Mr. George App. (Montana w[...]17 that Dave and Vira
arrived at Glasgow,Montana to find Glasgow "under water". The
Milk River had be[...]Llamas crossing late
in the evening and decided to wait until morning to cross. At
Lismas Mrs. Day had a small place wher[...]ls for
some of the stoppers and also had a place to stay. Being new to
the ways of the early days in Montana, the Smith[...]and said that she could not cook and serve meals
to people without the bacon. Smiths wanted a place to stay all
night. Frank told them to stay in one of the cabins that were
there, but when they found a cabin to stay in they were afraid
to leave it to go eat for fear that they might not be allowed
to have the cabin for the night.
Another "Mile-Stone" of the travels was reached when they
came to the "Muddy Missouri River" as at this time of the[...]ter was high.
Frank Martin who was always on hand to assist a needy person
across the river was there[...]if he thought that the boat was safe for a woman to ride
in and Frank said, "It is if she will sit st[...]boat; after Frank had
brought Winks Cramer across to test the boat to see if they
could get across in it.
The Smith's than went up to see Bill Dixon who was living
on a homestead. Bil[...]name of Arndt was having some trouble and
wanted to sell his relinquishment so the Smith bough[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (367) Since Glasgow was the nearest place to trade there was
another problem, of crossing the[...]om running. One fall day Dave and Al
Thomas went to Glasgow to get the winter supplies, but when
they returned t[...]out for the winter. Dave and Al took their teams to Kirk Stanleys
and turned. them in the pasture and[...]and then went back for the horses. 'l'hey decided to take the least
valuable horse first, in case he d[...]distance from the horse. Al would "rush the horse"to get him to
go over the ice. They got to the bank of the river, but the horse
would not go into the trough that they had improvised to help the
horses on to the bank, as the ice was thin and the water just[...]horses across in this same way, but the last one to cross
was a large horse of Al Thomas's and he fell through the ice into
the water, but finally managea to get back on solid ice and across
the river. Other[...]ry of crossing their outfits
on such thin ice had to wait as long as a month to cross over.
Oh yes, we had wrecks in that d[...]inned
his ribs, but otherwise not hurt. He called to Bobby and finally
badly frightened caught him, th[...]ame across a badly frightened Tommy several miles to-
ward home. He took the two horses home and came back later to pick
up the pieces of the wreck.
One night[...]said, "I was scared and did.rte
want Dave t:> go to the door". Dave opened the door and a man said
"I[...]ur lights gave out. May we stay all nigh~~
I have to keep talking or my wife will think that yo[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (368)[...]land and run good Hereford
Beef cattle from 1917 to 1948 when they retired. Most of the
pasturing of[...]the case of the Dave Smith home.
The workers came to destroy the buildings so that they would not
floa[...]h discussion and
bickering, the enginee~s offered to sell the house back to the
Smiths for a total of $25.00. Dave paid the $[...]moving the house off the land .md moved his house to Jordan
it still stands and they have retired and[...]y, Dave bought a place on the
Woody and continued to run Hereford cattle until his retirement
in 1948, then he mc,.red to Jordan to live.
For recreati on the Smiths worked, played for dances, went
to picnics and visited with the neighbors.[...]snow so used wagons to haul
Garfield County: The Golden Years (369)[...]Tom Eldredge

Born in Iowa in 1885. Moved to Minnesota in 1900. Came to Montana in
1908. There he made the acquaintance o[...]0's. In 1912 he
brought 40 cows from North Dakota to the Big Dry country to his homestead
north of Haxby. Later he purchased[...]t part of Fort
Peck Lake.
Mr. Eldredge moved to Nashua in 1936 where he purchased a small farm.
From 1934 to 1939 he worked on Fort Peck Dam. In 1939 he married Hulda
Winter Ficher who came to Montana from Minneapolis in 1916 to homestead on
the east fork of the Big Porcupine c[...]that time the
P.9. A. moved from loaning $400,000 to over $3,500,000 a year when he retired
in 1965.

This is the way I happened to locate where I did north of Haxby. A
neighbor of mine came to the Big Dry country· looking for a location to start
a ranch on. We had a te~n of horses and a s[...]of the Buck
Embleton ranch that looked wonderful to him. So we went up there and found
a spring that[...]had not been
surveyed at that time. We went over to Buck's ranch, borrowed a breaking
plow and had lo[...]they went up the hill.
Claud Curie happened to ride up just then. He rode his horse after
them,[...]rtner quit me, didn't ever come back.
I went back to Dakota and three of my sisters and I came back wi[...]summer and
winter.
For vacations we went to court in Glendive. Later it was in Jordan[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (370) to the North. These people were all old timers whe[...]in the U.S. Air Force
now flying freight plane s to Vietnam every two weeks.
Folks in the Haxby ne i ghborhood at that time all went to Glasgow to do
our trading, crossing the river on a cable fe[...]ory
When .l was abo Jt 10 years old we moved_to the Missouri River, 4S miles[...]omes of log cabins with only one-
room. I learned to dance and have had fun from that age on.
The[...]We lived
there until 1917.
We had no way to go anyplace except on h01tseback. Ah, I could tell of sane
experiences, except it is hard to write.
I lived, seared to death, for maybe 10 days of a jail break in Glasg[...]of horses swim across the river going from
Texas to Canada.[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (371)[...]rem) Barrett was born
to John and Caroline Barrett in Corn-[...]The family of John Barrett came to
America in 1879 when[...]by train from New York to Ogden,Utah.
On that t[...]them and brought them by wagon to Mary-
sville,Montana([...]years later the family moved to a ranch
near Augusta.[...]At the age of 13 Brem started to
work on ranches in th[...]rother, John, brought their cattle and belongings to the Squaw
Creek, where Brem took up a homestead ([...]uaw Creek.
December 4th 1907 he was married to Myrtle bvans. He had met
her while she was teaching school at Leedy,Montana. They moved
that spring to the ranch on Lone Tree (30 miles west of Jordan).
They stayed on Lone Tree until 1929 when they moved to the north
side of the Missouri River. In 1938 the[...]born at Fort Benton, Montana, February 9th,
1884 to William and Elizabeth Evans. In the summer of 1902 the
family moved to Culbertson. The family ranched and raised cattle
and horses. Myrtle taught at Antelope before going to Leedy to
teach.
To the Barretta were born six daughters and t wo son[...]ver crushing someone on
his way up. He wasn't one to bemoan his own misfortunes but was
always ready to help a neighbor through his difficulties.
A[...]of the world financi
ally. Myrtle stood shoulder to shoulder with Brem through every
crisis, e[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (372)[...]ara and Frederick.
We came from Michi gan to Miles City, Montana in the year
of 1912. Then we we nt to the Blackfoot country in a covered
wa gon in May[...]1,f uen th is was f i r: i shed the n c ame back to Miles City
and moved the family out. Our dog brou[...]he n i ght we got t h ere.
We moved bac k to Miles City for three mon ths during the
wi n ters to work and to go to school. It took me five years
to get t hrough the forth grade.
We had some[...]hools so they fought the
teachers until they had to l eave.
Our first school was the Iller sc[...]he
men sacked the grain.
Freighting grain to Miles City was a long dry trip at
25 miles a day.[...]s City. My moth er sent word for Dr. D. W. Battin
to come out. He came in a buggy 30 miles. He said he[...]. ln a few days our dad g ot home and we took her to Miles
City in the covered wagon. The doc tor ther[...]The winter of 1916 the snow g ot so dee p we had to c lose the
school.
In 1919 t h e winter w[...]til February.
Tod came home from the Army to Sumatra and had a h ard time
~etting home.[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (373)[...]till standing and is occupied.
Mother came to the United States from Scotland with her grandmot[...]d. They arrived in Canada and later made the trip to
Montana by wagon to the Lewistown area with her aunt and uncle, Mr. &[...]at ended the career o! the Pet Wolf Pups.

L. to R.: Viola, Selah, Loney, John, Dora, Lois[...]d had brought his Black..
sm1 th outfit with him to the country. He was
alwa:,s doing some fixing fo[...]s were
Bill Cherry, a trapper and hunter who used to
stop for a hse-eooked aeal once in a while as
wel[...]d Billy Porter were
bachelor neighbors who seemed to !ind their va
to our place quite often. Y[...]e,vest with a
ra herd • l'he, gave him a mu.le to ride, but he didn •t mind. It was later[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (374)[...]me a pack hourse and wolded and rode all the way to the Klondike.
Took me two years to get there. Didn't do much good there and so I finally came
back Bill
to Montana."
Cherry was a well know[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (375)[...]e City. They came by railroad on an emi grant car to Upton,
Wyoming. They were looking for homestead land so came to Miles
City, Montana, from Upton, Wyoming by wagon[...]n Miles City, Montana. Then, in October they ca~e to
the Henry Garret homestead which had been squatted on by Charles
Hopkins. Later they moved to School Section 36 on the Sheep
Hill. They spent that winter in a part dugout house. Then,
they moved to the homestead in Lot 1, Township 19, Range 35E.,[...]1915, Hattie married Earl Garret. Bud Goin
tried to ride one of dad's mules. He sa ddled and bridled the
mule, but it didn't seem to help any, as he still got bucked
off. The post of[...]tice was signed. When he was mustered out he
came to Kansas and we were married February 12, 1919. We got
to Miles City, Montana sometime in March. There had[...]y and
Jordan for three days. Howard Re:eve agreed to take Irland I
and Earl Campbell, also just releas[...]s, and
start.for Jordan. The first day we made it to Smith's halfway
place. The next day we got to the Brackett place after dark.
The men had shoveled through many snow drifts. A man with
a team had to pull us in from Red Buttes. The next morning it
w[...]tough for a
wide-tread wagon, but we finally got to Jordan about l p.m.
Dad had come to Jordan to meet us. Got home about midnight
by mules[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (376)[...]ar we were here our grocery bill was $120. We had
to pay $20.00 for 100 pound sack of sugar for which I still
have the bills.
Our neighbors to the north were Mrs. Ness and d~ughters,
Louise Ha[...]ls, Henry Clay and two children, Willie and Mary. To the
West were Lizzie Cheevers, a widow, and hired[...]and 10
great grandchildren. In 1956, I remarried to P.R. ttcurly"
Cooper. He had 9 children and sever[...]the
county and I, being the other, make it bac k to visit each summer.
All of the land ho[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (377)[...]elf, Leona S~afford,
age eight and one half, came to Montana in the spring of 1907.
My folks wor[...]shearing
season. After shearing was over, we went to Hans Hansons on
Sand Creek for a short visit, then on to Jim Donaldsons sheep
ranch to visit them. My folks had made many friends while[...]pfather had always wanted in the ye ars preceding to
settle in the Blackfoot Country, as he had beard[...]ith
them but Mother and we youngsters were scared to death.
Ed Sims fried steaks and potatoes for[...]y with a blacksnake whip. Ed Sims was about ready to
leave for the Blackfoot Country and we were going to follow
him, but waited to see if the Indians were going to leave as
Dad didn't want to go in case Lee needed help.
When we arrived[...]t~ying with Ed and Aareta Sims,
they took us down to visit Mr. and Mrs. Walter Looke and family
who lived 1n the Missouri Breaks, about half way to the river.
They had a daughter named Mable, two y[...]d, about my brothers age.
From there we went over to visit Grace Stanton's folks, Mr. ar. . d
Mrs. Bub[...]n~ we watched
them saw lumber. From there we went to Mr. Varney's ranch to
'111-
Garfield County: The Golden Years (378)[...].
R. N. Phipps, Charlie and Frances. Charlie went to school that
year but Frances was too young. Mrs.[...]year or two before.
In March we went bac k to the Sims ranch, where my sister
Doris was born March 28th, 1908. In July 1908 we went back t~
North Dakota to prove up on my father's homestead. In 1910 we
returned to Montana. We visited a short time with the Clarenc[...]nd
Aareta had married Clarence. We then went back to the Blackfoot
Country and Dad took up a homestead[...]During the time before I wa s married and moved to South
Dakota, the teachers at the Linebarger Scho[...]rjorie was born in August. The
winter was similar to this year of 1968-1969.
Our entertainment w[...]Laipple, and a few others besides
ourselves went to Jordan with teams and wagons. We camped some-
wheres close to where the lumber yard is at prese nt. This was
a[...]deo. "Copper"
had thrown every man that bad tried to ride h i m thus far. Old
Copper wiped the grotmd[...]wling every time he made a swipe but Mox rode him to a finish.
We thought nothing of going 35 or 40 miles horseback to a
dance. One time eight of us went to a dance at Ga l lengers horse-
b k d th Gal[...]sed only for saddle horses. Mr.
~~ Mrs~~utt: used to come up the Leedy Tra i l h orseback to the
dances at the Linebarger School. Mrs~[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (379)[...]While staying at Tripps in the fall we went down to
Garthofners to a. dance in Ed Tripps Motor boat. It was a
b~aut[...]r old steers go down and nothi~E
anyone could do to save them.
We got our mail at the Leedy Po[...]cross
the river. It was 30 miles around by road to Gallengers across
from "Leedy". This road had m[...]Burley and I were married July 22, 1919 and
went to South Dakota where we lived for nine years. Billy[...]ter was born in 1920.
In. 1928 we returned to Montana. We stayed in Dora Linebarger•s
house all winter and went over to Melstone with Buster and Frances
Knapp in the spr[...]d in Sumatra, where Burley worked and Louise went to school.
WP. lived in Sumatra two years.
In[...]d his wife took a
vaca-tion. While there we were to meet Hannah Armingtou., Edna
and Ed Skibby, and[...]New York that was staying with
her uncle. We were to meet them on the North side of the
Missouri River, and go to a dance on Sun Prairie, which was 17
miles going[...]ns 1 i ttle horse. Hannah had a
small black puppy to travel. He was so tired and at midnight
ev[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (380) to leave him there. We lived in Sumatra two years[...]most of these. Robert Beard and Mrs. Jones used to sing duets
They were beautiful singers.[...]rle was born August 10, 1933 and in 1935 we moved to
the Garrett ranch near Baan Willes store. We li[...]rs. Hard times hit, cr ops burned up, so we moved to Jordan
where Burley could find work and Louise go to school. '
We lived in Jordan[...]ty Agent, Maurice
Zimmerman.
We went out to Tacoma Washington in 1942, worked two vears
in t[...]944.
In the fall of 1947 Merle and I went to Bi llings. Merle
to High School and I to Eastern Montana College of Eduaa tion.
In enteri[...]chool until
the end of the term, a nd Merle went to the Jordan School.
During the time Merle w[...]of the term at
the North Star School as I wanted to atte nd Summer School at
''Eastern" in Billings.[...]taught in Winne tt and we
nearly always returne d to Jordan for the wee k ends a nd the summer[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (381)[...]e and Dottie in the
2nd grade.
Don's dad USA to be the F. S. A. man in Garfield County and[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (382)[...]over out West and wanted me to go with
hiw. He said he w[...]rned you loose. We got in an emigrant car and got to
Minneapolis.
The Great Northern was shipping men to Bowdoin, Montana
for $2.00 or to Armington for $J.OO for a job mucking (I
never did know what that meant). We took the one to Bowdoin
for $2.00, that left us with a little money to eat on. They
gave us a passenger coach to ride in. They hooked us on train
Number 3 that wa[...]stopped at every station, which gave us a chance to
get something to eat (a can of pork & beans, or cheese and·
crack[...]ut gone when we got near
Saco. This 0'Rielly said to me, "We don't want to work at
Bowdoin, it might be shoveling mud, so le[...]Saco
and get on the blind baggage and go right on to the Coast."
We went through Bowdoin all right, but when we got to Malta
and they stopped to take water, the fireman climbed up on the
teQder to get the water spout. He saw us in there ~nd he pu[...]. It was in the middle
of the night. We went over to the Castle Berg Hotel and got a
room for 50 cents, dried out and had enough left to get break-
fast, and, that's the way I got to Montana.
We were walking around next mornin[...]bought me a bed and
some clothes and took us out to the Larb Hills to work on a
sheep ranch. I had a job watching a bun[...]and a good one.) When lambing was over he took us to Malta.
It was shearing time and it seems t[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (383)learned to she a r sheep. I shear~d for Saylor Brothers in
1[...]h of Ma l ta, hnown as
the Prouty Ranch belonging to the Prouty Com".nission Co., South
St. Paul. They[...]p hay for the saddle
horses. (Th is place belongs to John Matovich now.)
I fooled around out there for a year or so, then went to
work for the Long X Cattle and Horse Ranch. There were two
summers and one winter that I never went to town. The old
timers called it "going to the road". Them days I never got
lonesome as long as I could get some thing to read. I did burn
up a lot of kerosene reading at[...](the
book that made him famous). Fred Gibson said to put your six-
shooter under your pillow to read that.
I got the most kick out of runn[...]the one thing I didn't
like, we run lots of colts to death. Jim Cotter had a sheep
ranch half way between the Long X and Malta, and we stopped
there lots to run horses. Cotter had a nephew that came out
from New York, his name was Tommy Vaughn. 'Ihey wanted to make
a ranch hand out of him, but Tommy didn't think much of work.
All he wanted to do was get on a horse and follow us around.
Jim C[...]as just like that Rawlins, not worth a damn,
only to ride a horse and dance. There was probably more truth
than poetry to that.
The fall of 1911, I was on the round[...]the cook ouit. The boss, Norval Wallace,
asked me to cook until we got to town, so I did. We were
camped on the stage road to Leedy when Helen Hadley and her
mother came out a[...]th us. We made
thie third shipment and were going to make another one, but it
turned cold and the ground froze, so we couldn't drive the tent
pegs. The boss went to Chicago with the cattle and asked me
to take the roundup wagons and horses back to the ranch. That
was my expErience as "wagon boss"[...]floor manager and this Tommy Vaughn kept after
me to gEt him a §irl to dance with. I always called him the
"Wild Irish Rose'. I recognized Helen Haldey there and I took
him o,.,er to her and to l d her, "The Wild Irish Rose wants to meet
the Boston Queen''• That's how Helen got the name of the Boston
queen.
I rode over the best land there was. I didn't wan t to
settle down. In 1913, I filed on a homeste[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (384)[...]stayed at the John Mccart er ranch while he went to Honolulu.
On Christmas I went down to Leedy after the mail. A heavy
package came for hi[...]it up it
was a fruit cake John's sister had sent to him from Cut Ba~k
I think. I was at Leedy after t[...]John only had one good pitch fork.
Jimmy took it to the hay stack and rammed it in the stack and
rear[...]ound my homestead, and as I said before
I learned to shear sheep. I sheared for the Saylor Brothers.
Ed seemed to be the main owner. They had a place up near the
d[...]boss and foreman at the Long X, that
he was going to hire a negro boy to wake him up at 10:00
o'clock and say, "second guard". He was going to have a boot
handy to hit the negro over the head with and go back to sleep.
I reckon as how he never caught up on sleep. During the
depressio[...]bank loan on his cattle, and they sent a man out to collect.
He told him to take them, but they decided to let him try an-
other year. Next summer he was ou[...]t up. John Mccarter
' horseback and said to Norval, "Ain't you a little
came along
late milking the cows.," Norval said, "Maybe I am but they
belong to the bank and the bank don't do any business until[...]Jordan, where a fellow put
up a saloon too close to the church. The women told the Mayor
that according to law, they were too close. The Mayor went and
looked it up. and sure enough, it was so. He gave them 30 days
to move the church. 4 1t
Garfield County: The Golden Years (385)[...]outside and climbed this tall ladder that went up
to a little window. He was looking in the win[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (386)[...]erson were married in Chicago, Ill. Both
had come to the United States from Norway when they were both
young. They came to Garfield County in the early 1900 1 s and
settled[...]3. I attenii-
ed the Butte Creek School and moved to Jordan to complete my
elementary schooling and High School.[...]iams and many more that I cannot recall.
As to the early day entertainment, I recollect the old[...]l,
fami ly get-togethers on Sundays and the trips to the Wille Store
and trips into Jordan were a spec[...]ked in Jordan
for several years, then later moved to California to live near me
as I was living in California[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (387)[...]Will i am Arthur Hanshaw came from Michigan to Montana in 1900
and settled on the Missouri River[...]e pasture. This was
before the government survey. To the best of their ability they
guessed at where the survey lines wou ld be, and they wanted to
build their houses near each other. When the survey di d go
through, John had to move his house a short ways west.
The Darnee[...]ays gave a Christmas p arty and it was Bell's job to ride horse-
back to Jordan for the fresh oyste r s.
Mr. H[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (388)[...]rs like any other happy little ranch girl.
I went to school in Jordan and Lone Tree at Brusett. I had to
ride seven miles horseback to Lone Tree School.
We would go to the dances on Saturday night and on Sunday
we wou[...]Sing", where people would come from miles around to
sing and spend the evening visiting.
I went to Garfield County High School and stayed at the
"Dorm". I was one of the first classes to graduate from the
present high school. Twenty yea[...]ghter, Pat was
the first child of the first class to graduate in the same high
school. After I finishe[...]nd Ray worked in a lumber yard. When we
returne d to Garfiel d County, we bought a ranch at Brusett, w[...]s just a child, I would sit for hours and listen
to all the stories of the homestead days. People cam[...]d always say, "We have each other and some-
thing to eat and we c ould be a darne d sight worse off." Whenever
times g et bad my father~ words come back to me. I have tried to
f ollow hi s philosophy all my life.

G[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (389)[...]Early Days
I was about 16 when I first came to Montana. My dad had a
ranch in Cascade County, right up against the mountain.
One day he asked me to take a. team o:f horses and wagon and
go up the mountain side and cut some green poles, as he wanted
to make a calf pen. So I took the team, they were gentle enough
ordinarily but they were locoed (This is a disease, animals
have :from eating loco weed)anyone who n[...]horses
would not understand. You never can .tell how they will act, they
may shy in passing a fenee post or wait until you are ready to
hitch them up a:fter dinner. But I went and got t[...]umped up beside
the trail and spooked them. I had to stay on the trail, on my
right side was a cut-ban[...]he lurching of the wagon caused the load of poles to
slide forward and pretty soon I was seated over t[...]rt-
ainly had his arms around me as something had to happen soon and
it did. The upper hill side of the road leveled off and I was
able to swing that team off the trail and start them up the hill.
That soon got their wind and they wanted to stop.
Before going back to school in Minn; I got an.other thrill
but this time no one told me to do it or ask me too. A big sorrel
stray horse sho[...]disaster. That horse
stood perfectly still for me to-saddle him and get on, than
things picked up, he went straigbt up it seemed to me like 15
feet and came down over backwards. Since there was no horn or
anything to hang on to, I quit him in mid-air and landed beside
him inst[...]was kinda scared of horses after that
and decided to go back to Mankato, Minn., where my mother was and
go back to school.
After my brother Ed, came home from[...]orse at what
was called "Grey Stud Springs", next to Maggie Allen finally
homesteaded Late in 1904, we[...]our,sugar and
most everything in the snow. We had to go to Jordan and restock
and landed without any accidents at the dug-out next to Maggie
Allen on New Yeard day- 190~.[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (390)[...]ary
and again in February. In the spring Ed went to work for Harry
Vanduesen, I stayed at our claim[...]started across country for Great Falls. I planned to bring
down what cattle we had left up there.
During the winter of 1906, I met Jim Barnes, he decided to
trade his place there for cattle and go to the Kussellshell
county. I bought some mor e cal[...]as Blood Creek in Fergus County. when it started to rain.
It rained for 10 days and nights. This was[...]s, where we could pen the herd at night.
Imagine how it would or could have been without those corrals[...]ranches for many miles.
Barnes 1 s wife was able to kee p her two children 3 and 4 years
old, comi'o[...]k someone,
you meet about directions, you are apt to get a bum steer as we
did, when ve meet a man, a[...]ways from the Mussellshell. Tb.ere
just happened to be a big rock by the trail, I told Jim, 0 we
shou[...]me. We would put sticks on the edge of the water, to see how
much it would rise in 24 hours.
-Barnes lost[...]st and when I reached the other
side the bank was to high, but I knew that not far to the right
the ground leveled and the crossing was good .
We swam our horses and went to a place called Kismet,con-
sisting of one or two[...]tle,we waited several
days but he never came back to help us. My luck held again when,
Henry Butts•s[...]came along in a buggy with
his wife,we h3l~ed him to cross and he helped us cross our cattl~
As we app[...]aw the fellow that we had waited for
at the river to help us cross our herd. He was coming out of the[...]e a quick get away. Barnes said, "he had a
notion to scuttle the guy's boat~ After two more days we ha[...]with Barnes about two years and than we sold
out to Barnes. We went to work for Joe Marshall, the sheepman.
We bo[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (391)[...]es or those new shoes were torn
loose just trying to stand in the gale, the shoes got very well
soaked, that helpe d to loosen the soles. Another time, I had two
of my s[...]even years in the sheep busine ss, we turned back to
the cattle and horses and gene ral ranching . Ed and I continued to
ranch until 1954, whe n the ranch was sold to Ed's son Irven.
Than I moved to California , where I make my home with my sister.[...]ted a farm. Montana was our selection, we decided
to get some of the "Free Land 11 Uncle Sam was -o ff[...]11. So we 1accompanied 1• her and her baby back to Mont.
We arrived in Sumatra, June l; Ed Say[...]d the next morning we started on our 65 mile trip to the
ranch. I will never forget the awful desolati[...]no
shade it w.as almost unbearable, just a trail to follow.
We spent that night in Sand Springs[...]which I still own. We plowed our
furrow around it to show ownership.
In the fall of 1911, we returned to Mankato and purchased
some cows, chickens. We hir[...]ck
and furniture that we had stored and returne d to Montana. We
moved on our place in 1912. We made butter to sell people, most-
ly bachelors, came for miles around to buy it. Not having any
ice we had to dig a pit in- the ground to keep it cool.
'-1~7
Garfield County: The Golden Years (392)[...]d
like a grave. At different times we sold butter to the store
in Jordan. Claude would have to start early in the morning and
get the butter to Jordan before the day got hot.
Our nearest n[...]y they threw up Claude's
derby, which he had wore to Montana, and shot it full of holes, anything for[...]shot into the casing above
his head, Billy failed to see the humor of it.

The only social affai[...]n't accommodate the large crowd so some
of us had to stay in our ttTin Lizzie" over night, when daylig[...]out, the Grahams, Swansers, and us. When we came to
the hills ourj'lTin Lizzies couldn't make ut up s[...]car up the hills, the poor men were mud from top to bottom.

Another fourth of July celebratio[...]fighting about. I r~member one woman told me not to think I wa~ so
~uch as my husband only had one eye. That was true to the extent his vision
1.Il one eye was alm[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (393) In the fall of 1912, I went back to Mankato, where my son, Woodrow, was
born in November and it was to dangerous at that time of year to come home
so I had to stay with my parents till April. My sister, Myrtle and husband,
Byron Troy and two children came out to the ranch in the fall while I was in
Minnesota and lived with Claude. The men built on a addition to the cabin
which I never saw. As one night when they were all gone the house burned to
the ground.
Later another sister, Ardelle Ad[...]chool, so the neighbors got
together and decided to start a school. The nearest school was twelve mil[...]or the schoolhouse and the men used native
lumber to make desks and seats. Miss Louise Ness was the fi[...]time getting teachers. About this time we decided to build a
schoolhouse so we had quite a time selecting the schoolhouse site. We decid-
ed on a day to go, Mr. Anderson and Jud Magellan went on horseback to the
place where we were to meet, Frank Hash and Max Magallan who were breaking a
horse to drive, gathered up the rest of us, a whole wagonload. Someone
suggested going over to the Antrim Postoffice and store to get some candy and
the mail which we did. We were all having such a merry time that it got to
late to join the two men at our meeting place, they were[...]had gone home. A family with three children moved to
the west of us so Mr. Byrd let the district build[...]so many teachers out of Montana that it was hard to get teachers.
During World War I, I had only[...]t my daughter Jessie was born.
I didn't plan to teach in 1920 but there was no teacher for the Ea[...]lla Hooker was in eigth grade and her father
came to see me. As he was one of our friends, he didn't s[...]laid down the law. He said, "You can
get a woman to take care of the baby but we can't find a teacher[...]and taught the school, Many times in later years, how many times I had retired
to rock in my old rocking chair and let the world go[...]e late getting home so he used his old wooden leg to make a fire to cook
his supper.
As I think back over the pa[...]ne lamps and the wood
ranges • The men h¥,ring to mine the coal and h_a ul in the wood in the fall.
The men taking the grain to the railroad and bring back our years supp[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (394)[...]e stock kept the grass down and people start-
ed to farm, and the folks fenced their land.
When[...]ies so our
young people may employed and be able to stay here.
My narrative of the early[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (395)[...]Andrew Spracklin and his wife, Julia Anna, moved to Montana in 1914
from Iowa with their family, Amos[...]brought 2 car loads of draft horses · with them to be used on the ranch.
The Spracklin children[...]ungest
child, was born March 28, 1919 ( according to the Garfield County files, Clara's
birth was the first birth to be recorded on the files of the newly crea[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (396)[...]Famous Spinner
as told to Bill Allen by "Montana Kid"[...]ismount-
ing his riders".
On his return to Helena, Governor Stewart, in an interview
publis[...]so dizzy
that he could not walk. It was amusing to see the dizzy ho~se and
the dizzy Indian."[...]; the best show I
ever saw". It was his pleasure to see the spinning bronco for the
first time.[...]tate of Montana. The Montana
Kid, as Searls came to be known in roundup circles of his day,
recalls that Smokey Nichols brought the spinning horse to Miles
City and the court trial which established[...]felt like
I had been on a cheap drunk. I managed to stay on my feet, but I
did a lot of staggering ar[...]world war, that the owners of Spinner brought him to the
hor~e sale. Just to have some fun to job a certain cowboy who was
a fairly good rider[...]Well,
Montana Kid knew him very well and sided up to him and said,"Bill,
they tell me you are ~roke. How would you like to make some easy
money?" "I ain't got a red sow," Bill replied. "Would you like to
make some easy money?" says I. "yer darn right I do." answered
Bill, "lead me to it."
Searls told him he had a little bay ho[...]ng for Bill Nation and that he had brought him in to ride
in an exhibition, that the animal did[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (397)made a good showing and was eas t o ride and if he wanted to try
him out we would pass the hat, take up a coll[...]50. He shook hands with me and jumped at a chance
to show the folks in Jordan what a great rider he wa[...]ng the Spinner. The rider was singing an old song
to the tune of "See that old Gray Couple Over There", paraphras-
ing the words to "See that old bay Pony over there? Watch this
rid[...]r, he's a bear". "Cut the
Comedy," shouted Searls to the cowboy, "and come and mount the
pony". So he[...]his back." Regain-
ing his feet, the rider turned to Searls with "why that's the
spinning son of a sea[...]n't you tell that was
Spinner?" "Because I wanted to job you, that's what. 11 "I'll get
even with you[...]unt was about $12.
A Michigan lad attempted to ride the Spinner. This boy came
out from Michigan[...]g Lloyd Shively at the time.
"Bill", said Shively to Searls, "you have a bucking horse over at
your pl[...]s
announced that Bill Baker of Michigan was going to attempt to
ride the Spinner. The crowd came outside. I saddl[...]rls,
"There isn't much more, only that I sold him to .Roy Dernberger
who was herding mares for me at t[...]. Well, he traded his saddle and old Spinner back
to me for a new Fur bronc saddle, I ha[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (398)[...]n Virginia Cit.,,r, Montana. A year later he went to work for the 2 Dot
Wilson Ranch which was located[...]s stayed with him ever since.
Joe then came to Dawson Co. with the 79 Ranch that was located where the
Edwards Post Office used to be. He ar~ived there Jan. 1, 1900.
He then took u[...]a
dinky was a~ wheeled cart with just enough room to . carry food supplies, cook
in sleep.) In nice we[...]In 1909 Joe Kemph and Fannie McGibboney went to Old Roundup and were
married there. They returned a f ter the honeymoon to the homestead, where Joe
continued his freighting and ·ranching and Fannie continued to teach school.
They had 3 sons, Mack W[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (399)[...].
We were perhaps, one of the last famlies to come by covered wagon. We
had spent three very dr[...]as Montana for us.
Dad had come from Texas to Montana with Trail- herds when young. Come
up wit[...]ld name all the rivers and large creeks from here to Texas in the order
they came. That was their road map in those days. He used to tell us kids,
"Be sure and look back at the hills[...]see of them
when coming back".
We started to Montana in the spring and spent the first winter[...]Judith Basin and Moore, Mont. From
there we went to Roundup, looking around for a suitable place to homestead.
There we met a Mr. Knapp, his son-in-l[...]eterson brought wagons and stock and we come down to locate west and a little
north of Jordan. We came[...]the friend who told them
about the land they was to locate on lived there. Jack Jarret, we stopped at[...]he next morning as we was hitching the team ready to go, a man came
along in a car and got stuck in th[...]the car and pulled it out for him. When we got up to the place we
planned to settle on, there was the fellow already settled,[...]decided the trapping wasn't so good. He went back to the
Peace River Country of Canada when he came fr[...]and also the milk cow, if they were lucky enough to have
one •.
We had some wonderful neighb[...]each child ten dollars and they brought groceries
to help out and helped with the work.[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (400)[...]folding organ they used to bring on a pack-[...]were lucky some nice neighbor would ask us to
tie our horse to the wagon ·or sled as the case
be, to eat a midnight lunch was a pot-luck affair mostly[...]oiler was then carried in and set someplac~ handy to
all. The women then passed their food arou[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (401)[...]ute"the day Red didn't come back.

ttI went to visit his company and the grave after the battle[...]r om the Pacific Theatre of Wa!jafter five yearJ
to Miles City July 11.

Allied Head[...]ter
climaxed by the Jordan soldier who attempted to wrest a Japanese machine-gun
from its pillbox em[...]Southwest
Pacific~ a year which Montanans helped to a brilliant start with heroic deeds
on land and which Montanans helped bring to a brilliant close with outstand-
ing acts in the[...]ngle and the Japanese were desperate, their backs to the wall.
A company of mud-slogging foot soldiers in which Ziegele was a member
was. ordered to attack a Japanese positon, but the push bogged do[...]n covering a wide field
of fire. Ziegele went out to reduce it. Directing others to a position from
whic~ they could fire on the emplacement, Ziegele moved to outflank it.
Crawling on his belly through the mud and high grass, he closed in to a point
where he could fire through the emplaceme[...]Jap with his
last shell.
There was no time to reload so he grasped the barrel of the machine gun
in his hands and tried to pull it through the aperture. The Japs resisted
a[...]box,
reloaded his rifle and wa i~ed for the Japs to come out. Two did and he killed
them. Then[...]

Garfield County: The Golden Years (402)[...]he fall before it
was .frozen solid the river had to be crossed by rowboat or on
foot and the same was[...]could be
quite hazardous as the mail carrier had to dodge the ice float
coming down the river.
The Jordan Mail carrier had the badlands to contend with, especi-
ally "Soap Hill", which was[...].
Local entertainment was "Country dancing" to the tune of a
fiddle and guitar and the whole family from the baby to the
grandparents attended and every one big enough to walk danced
everything from the waltz to the polka to the old fashioned
square dance. Other local enter[...]ould cook their "Sunday dinner" and
take it along to visit and maybe several families would gather at[...]y the schools
in which each student had a "piece" to speak after which there
was usually a "box social[...]attending on foot or horseback traveling from
one to five miles to attend. There was an occasional Preacher
who came[...]ut" for the ·services. No preacher
ever preached to an empty house. Most Sundays during the summer
Su[...]were three schqols in the 20 mile area from Haxby to
the Missouri River, Haxby Sch.o.ol, Big Dr[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (403)[...]oing 2½,3,
or 4 and sometimes as far as 7 miles to school.
During the early days people worked hard. Many a day working
.from daylight to way past dark, with the whole family 11 pitching[...]ty affair, with each !'armer tak-
ing his cattle to the home place for the winter after the brand-
w[...]ike the Ants. They put away
enough in the summer to last the winter through, but unlike the
ant when there was a chance to play, they could sure be grass-
hoppers.[...]the personsthat we remember who lived 0 neighbor" to
Haxby were: Billy Rodance, Ben Vandenberg[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (404)[...]man in 1910,in September of 1913 they decid-
ed to head West, so with their 9 month old son Gilbert,[...]ed up and bought a ticket ($30.00 would take them to any point
west) to Santa Paula, California. Since Mable had never be[...]ew months before, they
llen'& Dy st. Paul, Minn. to visit her and then headed West through
Montana. Stopping at Bozeman to visit a friend, they met Tom
Kirk who pursuaded them to stay and go to work for him, so chance
really brought them to Montana as they never rode their ticket to
California.
In the spring of 1915, they left the Gallatin Valley and
headed out to homestead along with Ed Whipple, Dorr Burke, Fred[...]here.
All settled near or on Lone Tree. They had to drive down in wagons
from Smnatr~, some 65 miles[...]th~ Boll!ns and several others they went by wagon to the
Dakotas to thresh , with Mable and Lida Bourn running the co[...]k 9 days, stopping in
Miles City on the way home to buy $150.00 of groceries and supplies
to last them through to the next harvest. The next two fall they
made similar trips to harvest with the Oscar Edsalls, Bourns, Dave
Baa[...]season.
In 1918 Corda received his notice to prepare for his draft
call and loading everythin[...]ns in a coop under the wagon,headed
f'or Bozeman to await his final call. The war ended before his
nmnber was called, so they went to work for Mr. Dameral on his
wheat ranch. In Dece[...]Lila, and a car load
of cattle they shipped back to Sumatra and on to the homestead by
wagon, driving the cattle. It w[...]0 a ton when you could find it
and had the money to buy it.
Corda started carrying the mail to Butte Creek about 1920 by
spring wagon and later[...]ranch, and later they had the route from Edwards
to Brusett until 1928. In 1921 Roana joined the fami[...]er ha:d. passed on and Miles
City was a long way to import one. Corda had never auctioned a
thing in his life and just laughed but Doe said "I'm going to
Jordan and have the bills made, are you .going to take me?" That's
how he started a career that has lasted some 4[...]
Garfield County: The Golden Years (405)[...]se cups after
every sale.
Corda was elected to the Board of County Commissioners in 1928
to serve with Jim Vance and Art Markley, the next 2[...]bought and·shipped between 3000 and 4000 horses to
Indiana and Wisconsin, driving them to Brockway to the railway.
Part of them were halter-broken and some were broke to work. They
came from every part of the county.[...]se back.
Corda and Mable .aold outand moved to Oregon in Oct. of 1934
where Corda continued to ranch and aution sales. Now at 78 he buys[...]

Schillreff, Fern and Jessie M. Shawver, Garfield County: The Golden Years (1969). Montana History Portal, accessed 23/03/2025, https://www.mtmemory.org/nodes/view/5589

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